2023年考研英语考试考前冲刺卷（4）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Text 2 Of all the varieties of music which fill our concert halls, theaters, and nightclubs, only jazz is native ’American music. Symphonies and concertos, the ancestors of movie and television scores as well as of ’serious’ or ’legitimate’ electronic music, were first composed in Germany. Musical comedies descended from opera, which was first performed in Italy. And our ever- popular nightclub singers are the musical heirs of the French singers of chansons. The one form of music which did not originate in Europe and which is popular today worldwide is jazz. Jazz was born in New Orleans, the child of the Blacks. It drew on the rhythms as well as the emotionalism of the African music of the’ Black ancestors, which had been transformed into ragtime and the blues. Improvisation was an indispensable element. Musicians were permitted, in solo performance, plenty of freedom to play in whatever variations just as their creative mood happened to lead them’ along. But during the Swing era ( 1930s -- 1950s ), impromptu renditions gave way to arrangement. It was a period when jazz had its widest popular appeal with the big bands that boasted of such outstanding bandleaders as Duke Ellington, Glenn Miller and a whole galaxy of top-notch instrumentalists. Rock music’ in the 1960s is a sociological expression rather than a musical force and the rock arena was seen as a sort of debating forum, a place where ideas clash and crash, where American youngsters struggle to define and redefine their feelings and beliefs. Bob Dylon touched a nerve of disaffection. He spoke of civil rights; nuclear fallout, and loneliness. He spoke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation. ’Something’s happening here,’ he sang. ’You don’t know what it is, do you, Mr. Jones’ Others entered the debate. The Beatles urged peace and piety with humor and maybe a little of help from drugs. Feelings, always a part of any musical statement, were a major subject. Elvis Presley became the pop icon, maybe because he acted out your wildest fantasies, brought out your subdued id, embodied your frustrated teenage spirit, and encouraged your protest againsttraditional values. In this sense, rock is the music of teenage rebellion. All aspects of music -- its exciting offbeat, loudness, self-absorbed lyrics and raving delivery -- indicated a defiance of adult authority.According to the passage, rockdom in the sixties was seen as（）A. a radical cityB．a country elementC. a forum for debateD. a collection of lyrics2.Text 2 Of all the varieties of music which fill our concert halls, theaters, and nightclubs, only jazz is native ’American music. Symphonies and concertos, the ancestors of movie and television scores as well as of ’serious’ or ’legitimate’ electronic music, were first composed in Germany. Musical comedies descended from opera, which was first performed in Italy. And our ever- popular nightclub singers are the musical heirs of the French singers of chansons. The one form of music which did not originate in Europe and which is popular today worldwide is jazz. Jazz was born in New Orleans, the child of the Blacks. It drew on the rhythms as well as the emotionalism of the African music of the’ Black ancestors, which had been transformed into ragtime and the blues. Improvisation was an indispensable element. Musicians were permitted, in solo performance, plenty of freedom to play in whatever variations just as their creative mood happened to lead them’ along. But during the Swing era ( 1930s -- 1950s ), impromptu renditions gave way to arrangement. It was a period when jazz had its widest popular appeal with the big bands that boasted of such outstanding bandleaders as Duke Ellington, Glenn Miller and a whole galaxy of top-notch instrumentalists. Rock music’ in the 1960s is a sociological expression rather than a musical force and the rock arena was seen as a sort of debating forum, a place where ideas clash and crash, where American youngsters struggle to define and redefine their feelings and beliefs. Bob Dylon touched a nerve of disaffection. He spoke of civil rights; nuclear fallout, and loneliness. He spoke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation. ’Something’s happening here,’ he sang. ’You don’t know what it is, do you, Mr. Jones’ Others entered the debate. The Beatles urged peace and piety with humor and maybe a little of help from drugs. Feelings, always a part of any musical statement, were a major subject. Elvis Presley became the pop icon, maybe because he acted out your wildest fantasies, brought out your subdued id, embodied your frustrated teenage spirit, and encouraged your protest againsttraditional values. In this sense, rock is the music of teenage rebellion. All aspects of music -- its exciting offbeat, loudness, self-absorbed lyrics and raving delivery -- indicated a defiance of adult authority.The first sentence in Paragraph 3 can be best interpreted as（）A．rock stars asking us to take our stand on political issuesB．rock stars helping our society to form its code of ethicsC．rock stars revealed their own problems and their social attitudesD．giving a clear definition to the words'.beliefs' and' feelings'3.Text 2 Of all the varieties of music which fill our concert halls, theaters, and nightclubs, only jazz is native ’American music. Symphonies and concertos, the ancestors of movie and television scores as well as of ’serious’ or ’legitimate’ electronic music, were first composed in Germany. Musical comedies descended from opera, which was first performed in Italy. And our ever- popular nightclub singers are the musical heirs of the French singers of chansons. The one form of music which did not originate in Europe and which is popular today worldwide is jazz. Jazz was born in New Orleans, the child of the Blacks. It drew on the rhythms as well as the emotionalism of the African music of the’ Black ancestors, which had been transformed into ragtime and the blues. Improvisation was an indispensable element. Musicians were permitted, in solo performance, plenty of freedom to play in whatever variations just as their creative mood happened to lead them’ along. But during the Swing era ( 1930s -- 1950s ), impromptu renditions gave way to arrangement. It was a period when jazz had its widest popular appeal with the big bands that boasted of such outstanding bandleaders as Duke Ellington, Glenn Miller and a whole galaxy of top-notch instrumentalists. Rock music’ in the 1960s is a sociological expression rather than a musical force and the rock arena was seen as a sort of debating forum, a place where ideas clash and crash, where American youngsters struggle to define and redefine their feelings and beliefs. Bob Dylon touched a nerve of disaffection. He spoke of civil rights; nuclear fallout, and loneliness. He spoke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation. ’Something’s happening here,’ he sang. ’You don’t know what it is, do you, Mr. Jones’ Others entered the debate. The Beatles urged peace and piety with humor and maybe a little of help from drugs. Feelings, always a part of any musical statement, were a major subject. Elvis Presley became the pop icon, maybe because he acted out your wildest fantasies, brought out your subdued id, embodied your frustrated teenage spirit, and encouraged your protest againsttraditional values. In this sense, rock is the music of teenage rebellion. All aspects of music -- its exciting offbeat, loudness, self-absorbed lyrics and raving delivery -- indicated a defiance of adult authority.According to the passage, improvisation was most popular（）A．in the 1930sB．prior to 1930sC．after 1930sD．in the 1950s4.Text 2 Of all the varieties of music which fill our concert halls, theaters, and nightclubs, only jazz is native ’American music. Symphonies and concertos, the ancestors of movie and television scores as well as of ’serious’ or ’legitimate’ electronic music, were first composed in Germany. Musical comedies descended from opera, which was first performed in Italy. And our ever- popular nightclub singers are the musical heirs of the French singers of chansons. The one form of music which did not originate in Europe and which is popular today worldwide is jazz. Jazz was born in New Orleans, the child of the Blacks. It drew on the rhythms as well as the emotionalism of the African music of the’ Black ancestors, which had been transformed into ragtime and the blues. Improvisation was an indispensable element. Musicians were permitted, in solo performance, plenty of freedom to play in whatever variations just as their creative mood happened to lead them’ along. But during the Swing era ( 1930s -- 1950s ), impromptu renditions gave way to arrangement. It was a period when jazz had its widest popular appeal with the big bands that boasted of such outstanding bandleaders as Duke Ellington, Glenn Miller and a whole galaxy of top-notch instrumentalists. Rock music’ in the 1960s is a sociological expression rather than a musical force and the rock arena was seen as a sort of debating forum, a place where ideas clash and crash, where American youngsters struggle to define and redefine their feelings and beliefs. Bob Dylon touched a nerve of disaffection. He spoke of civil rights; nuclear fallout, and loneliness. He spoke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation. ’Something’s happening here,’ he sang. ’You don’t know what it is, do you, Mr. Jones’ Others entered the debate. The Beatles urged peace and piety with humor and maybe a little of help from drugs. Feelings, always a part of any musical statement, were a major subject. Elvis Presley became the pop icon, maybe because he acted out your wildest fantasies, brought out your subdued id, embodied your frustrated teenage spirit, and encouraged your protest againsttraditional values. In this sense, rock is the music of teenage rebellion. All aspects of music -- its exciting offbeat, loudness, self-absorbed lyrics and raving delivery -- indicated a defiance of adult authority.Which of the following is true（）A．Ragtime originated with the big bands in the 1930sB．Ragtime and blues were based on African musicC．Ragtime and blues had not evolved until 1950sD．Blues was performed by singers dressed in blue5.Text 2 Of all the varieties of music which fill our concert halls, theaters, and nightclubs, only jazz is native ’American music. Symphonies and concertos, the ancestors of movie and television scores as well as of ’serious’ or ’legitimate’ electronic music, were first composed in Germany. Musical comedies descended from opera, which was first performed in Italy. And our ever- popular nightclub singers are the musical heirs of the French singers of chansons. The one form of music which did not originate in Europe and which is popular today worldwide is jazz. Jazz was born in New Orleans, the child of the Blacks. It drew on the rhythms as well as the emotionalism of the African music of the’ Black ancestors, which had been transformed into ragtime and the blues. Improvisation was an indispensable element. Musicians were permitted, in solo performance, plenty of freedom to play in whatever variations just as their creative mood happened to lead them’ along. But during the Swing era ( 1930s -- 1950s ), impromptu renditions gave way to arrangement. It was a period when jazz had its widest popular appeal with the big bands that boasted of such outstanding bandleaders as Duke Ellington, Glenn Miller and a whole galaxy of top-notch instrumentalists. Rock music’ in the 1960s is a sociological expression rather than a musical force and the rock arena was seen as a sort of debating forum, a place where ideas clash and crash, where American youngsters struggle to define and redefine their feelings and beliefs. Bob Dylon touched a nerve of disaffection. He spoke of civil rights; nuclear fallout, and loneliness. He spoke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation. ’Something’s happening here,’ he sang. ’You don’t know what it is, do you, Mr. Jones’ Others entered the debate. The Beatles urged peace and piety with humor and maybe a little of help from drugs. Feelings, always a part of any musical statement, were a major subject. Elvis Presley became the pop icon, maybe because he acted out your wildest fantasies, brought out your subdued id, embodied your frustrated teenage spirit, and encouraged your protest againsttraditional values. In this sense, rock is the music of teenage rebellion. All aspects of music -- its exciting offbeat, loudness, self-absorbed lyrics and raving delivery -- indicated a defiance of adult authority.What is the best title of this passage（）A．The origin of jazzB．The success of rock musicC．The contemporary jazz and rockD．The musical development from jazz to rock6.Text 3Most growing plants contain much more water than all other materials combined. C. R. Bames has suggested that it is .as proper to term the plant a water structure as to call a house composed mainly of brick a brick building. Certainly it is that all essential processes of plant growth and development occur in water. The mineral elements from the soil that are usable by the plant must be dissolved in the. soil solution before they can be taken into the root. They are carried to all parts of the growing plants and are built into essential plant materials while in a dissolved state.The carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air may enter the leaf as a gas but is dissolved in water in the leaf before it is combined with a part of the water to form simple sugars -- the base material from which the plant body is mainly built. Actively growing plant parts are generally 75 to 90 percent water. Structural parts of plants, such as woody stems no longer actively growing, mayhave much less water than growing tissues. The actual amount of water in the plant at any one time, however, is only a very small part of what passes through it during its development. The processes of photosynthesis, by which carbon dioxide and water are combined -- in the presence of chlorophyll ( 叶落素 ) and with energy derived from light to form sugars, require that carbon dioxide from the air enter the plant. This occurs mainly in the leaves. The leaf surface is not solid but contains great numbers of minute openings, through which the carbon dioxide enters. The same structure that permits the one gas to enter the leaf, however, permits another gas -- water vapor --to be lost from it. Since carbon dioxide is present in the air only in trace quantities (3 to 4 parts in 10,000 parts of air) and water vapor is near saturation in the air spaces within the leaf (at 80°F, saturated air would contain about 186 parts of water vapor in 10,000 parts of air), the total amount of water vapor lost is many times the carbon dioxide intake. Actually, because of wind and other factors, the loss of water in proportion to carbon dioxide intake may be even greater than the relative concentrations of the two gases. Also, not all of the carbon dioxide that enters the leaf is synthesized into carbohydrates.The second paragraph uses facts to develop the basic idea that（）A．a plant efficiently utilizes most of the water it absorbsB．carbon dioxide is the essential substance needed for plant developmentC．a plant needs more water than is found in its compositionD．the stronger the wind, the more the water vapor loss'7.Text 3Most growing plants contain much more water than all other materials combined. C. R. Bames has suggested that it is .as proper to term the plant a water structure as to call a house composed mainly of brick a brick building. Certainly it is that all essential processes of plant growth and development occur in water. The mineral elements from the soil that are usable by the plant must be dissolved in the. soil solution before they can be taken into the root. They are carried to all parts of the growing plants and are built into essential plant materials while in a dissolved state.The carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air may enter the leaf as a gas but is dissolved in water in the leaf before it is combined with a part of the water to form simple sugars -- the base material from which the plant body is mainly built. Actively growing plant parts are generally 75 to 90 percent water. Structural parts of plants, such as woody stems no longer actively growing, mayhave much less water than growing tissues. The actual amount of water in the plant at any one time, however, is only a very small part of what passes through it during its development. The processes of photosynthesis, by which carbon dioxide and water are combined -- in the presence of chlorophyll ( 叶落素 ) and with energy derived from light to form sugars, require that carbon dioxide from the air enter the plant. This occurs mainly in the leaves. The leaf surface is not solid but contains great numbers of minute openings, through which the carbon dioxide enters. The same structure that permits the one gas to enter the leaf, however, permits another gas -- water vapor --to be lost from it. Since carbon dioxide is present in the air only in trace quantities (3 to 4 parts in 10,000 parts of air) and water vapor is near saturation in the air spaces within the leaf (at 80°F, saturated air would contain about 186 parts of water vapor in 10,000 parts of air), the total amount of water vapor lost is many times the carbon dioxide intake. Actually, because of wind and other factors, the loss of water in proportion to carbon dioxide intake may be even greater than the relative concentrations of the two gases. Also, not all of the carbon dioxide that enters the leaf is synthesized into carbohydrates.The primary idea of the passage is（）A．the functions of carbon dioxide and waterB．the role of water in a growing plantC．the process of simple sugar formationD．the synthesis of water with carbon dioxide8.Text 3Most growing plants contain much more water than all other materials combined. C. R. Bames has suggested that it is .as proper to term the plant a water structure as to call a house composed mainly of brick a brick building. Certainly it is that all essential processes of plant growth and development occur in water. The mineral elements from the soil that are usable by the plant must be dissolved in the. soil solution before they can be taken into the root. They are carried to all parts of the growing plants and are built into essential plant materials while in a dissolved state.The carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air may enter the leaf as a gas but is dissolved in water in the leaf before it is combined with a part of the water to form simple sugars -- the base material from which the plant body is mainly built. Actively growing plant parts are generally 75 to 90 percent water. Structural parts of plants, such as woody stems no longer actively growing, mayhave much less water than growing tissues. The actual amount of water in the plant at any one time, however, is only a very small part of what passes through it during its development. The processes of photosynthesis, by which carbon dioxide and water are combined -- in the presence of chlorophyll ( 叶落素 ) and with energy derived from light to form sugars, require that carbon dioxide from the air enter the plant. This occurs mainly in the leaves. The leaf surface is not soli。