翻译三级笔译实务-节日祝贺(Festivals)（总分：550.00，做题时间：90 分钟）一、{{B}}I{{/B}}（总题数：10,分数：250.00）1. The limited gain could hardly serve as a relieving justification for the tremendous cost the federal government had paid so far.（分数：25.00） 正确答案：（） 解析：联邦政府已为此耗资颇巨了,但所得有限,这实在难以让人心安理得2. Already he had discoveredthat his brain went beyond Ruth's,just as it went beyond thebrains of her brothers, or the brain of her father.（分数：25.00） 正确答案：（） 解析：他比露丝的几个哥哥甚至她爸爸看得、想得还更深远而且他也发觉自己同样超越了露丝本人3. Gypsies are often treated with disapproval, lack of trust, and lack of understanding because their way of life is so different from the way most other British people live. （分数：25.00） 正确答案：（） 解析：吉普赛人的生活方式和大部分英国人大不相同,所以人们对吉普赛人的态度总是不以为然,很不信 任,而且对他们的生活缺乏了解。
4.She would have blushed had she been told as much in plain, set terms, and next, she might have grown indignant and asserted that her sole interest lay in the man she loved and her desire for him to make t he best of himself.（分数：25.00） 正确答案：（） 解析：倘若有人那么直白地告诉她,她肯定会立刻面红耳赤,恼羞成怒,然后就会义正辞严地说她一心一 意只期望自己爱的人能充分展现才华5. Now that Martin was aroused in such matters, heswiftly noted the difference between thebaggy knees of the trousers worn by the working class and the straight line from knee to foot of those worn by the men above the working class.（分数：25.00） 正确答案：（） 解析：马丁开始注意到这些。
他很快发现劳工阶级的裤子膝盖处很松皱,而上层阶级的裤筒却笔直挺括6. A merchant, whose daughter had married a man with whom it proved she could not get on very well, was surprised some weeks later to see the young lady return home with all her belongings. （分数：25.00） 正确答案：（） 解析：有个商人的女儿跟一个无法和睦相处的人结了婚结婚没几周,他女儿就打点全部家当回娘家了 这让商人很是惊讶7. The recruitment of Chinese laborers was not universally accepted in racially conscious 19th century America and some white workers were unsettled by their appearance in large numbers. （分数：25.00）正确答案：（）解析：在种族意识十分强的 19 世纪的美国，招募中国劳工的做法并不得到大众的接受。
工地上出现大批中 国劳工，这让有些白人工人不安起来8. The day before I was to leaveI went walking across the river tothe red mesa, where many times before I had gone to be alone with my thoughts.（分数：25.00） 正确答案：（） 解析：临行前一天，我淌过河来到红石山下我以前曾多次来过这里，独自静思9. He took a seat opposite Catherine, who kept her gaze fixed on him as if she feared he would vanish were she to remove it.（分数：25.00） 正确答案：（） 解析：他在凯瑟琳对面坐了下来凯瑟琳目不转睛地盯着他，仿佛怕眼睛一挪开他就会消失 10.Suddenly the door bursts open and the Time Traveler appears, dirty, disheveled, and bedraggled, with a nasty cut on his chin.（分数：25.00） 正确答案：（） 解析：突然，门开了，时间旅行家出现。
他衣冠不整，满身是泥，下巴上有个大口子二、{{B}}II{{/B}}（总题数：10,分数：250.00）11. 这几年的变化极为显著，不容我们忽视；其教训也极为沉痛，不容我们忘怀 （分数：25.00）正确答案：（）解析：The change that these years have brought about is too remarkable to be passed over without being noticed, too weighty in its lesson not to be laid to heart.12. 瘦小的他走在我前面他曾经走得那么飞快,我总要小跑才能赶得上分数： 25.00） 正确答案： （）解析： In front of me walked the little man, who once walked so fast I had to run to follow him.13. 要成为知名作家,对于他来说,是个遥远而曲折的目标先把满口蹩脚的俚语改掉,才是个现实可及的 正事分数： 25.00） 正确答案： ()解析： Professional writer is a distant goal, fraught with difficulties, but getting rid of the degrading slang has been somewhat easier for him to attain in the time being.14. 一旦人与人之间的关系出现危机,每个人都会认为问题出在别人身上。
所以每个人都有要改变他人的冲 动分数： 25.00) 正确答案： ()解析： It is tempting to think that, the problem lies with other people once it occurs in our relationship and hence the impulse to change other people around us.15. 这是一个拥有悠久历史的国度在这里，你看到的是一种公开的传统，而不是隐私分数：25.00） 正确答案：（）解析：This is a big country of long history, out of which has come a heritage of openness rather than privacy.16. 他英语很流利，可还是要用译员——有时还挑译员的毛病——这样他就有时间考虑如何回答提问了 （分数： 25.00） 正确答案： （）解析： AlthoughfluentinEnglish,heuses—andsometimesnitpickswith—translators,aploythat gives him time to ponder his answers.17. 活水，乃私家园林的标志性元素，必不可缺。
无水，则园中一草一石，一花一木皆了无生趣 （分数： 25.00） 正确答案： ()解析： As an indispensable and symbolic element, water can never be absent in a private garden, or else the stones, trees, bushes and flowers in it would lose all their vitality.18. 大自然在这个季节显得特别纯洁，令人赏心悦目的纯洁分数： 25.00) 正确答案： （）解析： The wonderful purity of nature at this season is a most pleasing fact.19. 人们乐于藉此节日之机互相走访，互赠礼物，借以表达相互之间的关怀，从而巩固彼此的关系 （分数： 25.00） 正确答案： （）解析： Peopletakethechancegladlytovisitfriendsandrelatives,exchangegiftsofgoodwill, as ways to consolidate relationships.20. 要实施两项关键政策：一是经济结构的战略性调整，一是继续扩大对外开放。
分数： 25.00） 正确答案： ()解析： The two key polices to be implemented are to realize the strategic economic restructuring and continue to open up to the world.三、{{B}}III{{/B}}(总题数：1,分数：25.00)21. {{B}}AmericanThanksgivings{{/B}}Accordingtotradition,thefirstAmericanThanksgivingwas celebratedin1621 by theEnglish Pilgrims who hadfounded the PlymouthColony, nowinthe state of Massachusetts. The an important part of American colonial history, there is no evidence that anyoftheparticipantsthoughtofthefeastasathanksgivingcelebration.Twoyearslater,during aperiodofdrought,adayoffastingandprayerwaschangedtooneofthanksgivingbecauserains cameduringtheprayers.GraduallythecustomprevailedamongNewEnglanderstoannuallycelebrate Thanksgiving after the harvest. Colonial governments and, later, state governments took up the Puritancustom of designatingthanksgiving days tocommemorate various public events.Gradually thetraditionofholdingannualthanksgivingholidaysspreadthroughoutNewEnglandandintoother states. During the American Revolution (1775—1783 ) the Continental Congress proclaimed a national day of thanksgiving following the American victory at the Baffle of Saratoga in 1777.U.S. President George Washington proclaimed another day of thanksgiving in 1789 in honor of the ratification of the Constitution of the United States. In 1817 New York State adopted ThanksgivingDay as an annual custom, and many other states soon did the same. Most of the state celebrations were held in November, but not always on the same day. In 1863, during the American Civil War (1861—1865 ), President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed the last Thursday in November Thanksgiving Day in order to bolster the Union's morale. After the war, Congress established Thanksgiving as a national holiday, but widespread national observance caught on only gradually. Many Southerners saw the new holiday as an attempt to impose Northern customs on them. However, in the late 19th century Thanksgiving's emphasis on home and family appealed to many people throughout the United States. As a distinctly American holiday, Thanksgiving was also considered an introduction to American values for the millions of immigrants then entering the country. During the 20th century, as the population of the United States became increasingly urban, new Thanksgiving traditions emerged that catered to city dwellers. The day after Thanksgiving gradually became known as the first day of the Christmas shopping season. To attract customers, large retailers such as Macy's in New York City and Gimbel's in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, began to sponsor lavish parades. By 1934 the Macy's parade, featuring richly decorated floats and gigantic balloons, attracted more than one million spectators annually.(分数：25.00)正确答案：()解析：{{B}}美国的感恩节{{/B}}若按传统的祈祷仪式来界定，美国第一个感恩节应该出现在1621年。
当 时，英国朝圣者在现在美国的马萨诸塞州建立了第一个殖民地——普利茅斯殖民地朝圣者为此摆设盛宴， 大举庆贺当地土著万帕诺亚格族人也带来象征友好的贺礼，共同欢庆这个事件是美国殖民时期发生的 历史性事件，但当时人们并没有意识到它还具有感恩性质两年后，当地适逢旱燥天气人们纷纷进行斋 忌和祷告，祈求甘露有一天当人们正在祷告时，天果真下起雨来人们立刻举行庆祝活动，感谢上帝的 恩赐以后每年庄稼收割后，人们都会举行类似的感恩庆祝活动渐渐地，感恩节庆典活动发展成为了新 英格兰人的风俗 殖民地政府以及后来的州政府先后仿效清教徒的作法，借感恩节的名义来纪念各种重大 事件于是感恩节节假日的习俗逐渐在新英格兰得到推行，继而流传到其他各州比如：在美国独立战争 期间(1775-1883)，大陆军国会曾宣布1777 年萨拉托加战役胜利日为全国感恩节 1789 年，美国第一任总 统乔治•华盛顿将美国宪法的颁布日改为感恩节而1817年，纽约州政府正式确立感恩节的年度节假日地 位此后，感恩节的合法地位在其他州也陆续得到承认感恩节大多定在十一月举行，但各州的具体日期 不尽相同 1863 年，美国内战时期总统亚伯拉罕林肯宣布每年十一月的最后一个星期四为感恩节，以此 鼓舞联盟军的士气。
战争结束后，国会正式确立感恩节为全国统一节假日尽管如此，该假日并没有在美 国各地迅速推广开来因为不少南方人认为此举有将北方风俗强加于人的嫌疑但是发展到十九世纪末， 人们渐渐被感恩节讲究家庭和亲情的特质所触动，感恩节终于在美国各地流行起来另外，感恩节作为美 国特有的节日，成为千万新移民了解美国价值观念的窗口二十世纪以来，随着美国的城市化步伐的加快， 城市居民的人数越来越多感恩节的活动为了迎合潮流需要，也吸纳了不少新鲜的元素例如：众所周知， 从感恩节第二天开始就进入了圣诞购物黄金时段于是一些著名的商家如纽约的 Macy's 公司，费城和宾夕 法尼亚的吉姆贝尔，为了招揽顾客，纷纷主办大型的游行表演活动 1934 年以前，以华丽炫目的彩车和巨 型气球著称的 Macy's 的游行队伍，每年都能吸引到超过百万的观赏者四、{{B}}W{{/B}}(总题数：1,分数：25.00)22. {{B}}泼水节{{/B}}傣族的泼水节是在四月十三至十五号，这三天也是他们族的新年节日傣族的节庆 活动一共分三个层次，一天一个花样儿第一天，大家清扫各家房屋，清理四周环境第二天，人们倾巢 而出，涌向各个大街小巷，用或锅或桶，盛满水，互相泼水嬉闹。
傣族人认为这些纯水能为他们带来好运 最后一天，人们便划龙舟，放高升，不亦乐乎关于泼水节的来历，民间流传着一个故事很久很久以前， 一个魔王觊觎景洪这块肥沃多产的土地，便霸占了该地，还强迫七位美丽的傣族姑娘做他的“夫人”当 地老百姓恨透了它，这些姑娘们也想尽办法要除掉它 一天，“七夫人”想了个主意她用美酒灌醉他， 甜言蜜语地奉承他，终于套出了他的死穴：原来只有用这魔头自己的一缕头发勒住他的脖子，才能将其置 于死地 很快魔王就醉醺醺地睡去了七姑娘便如法炮制，勒住魔头的脖子，魔王的头果然就骨溜溜滚到 了地上这个魔头本是个火魔，所以它头滚到哪儿，哪儿就燃起熊熊大火七位“夫人”和众人一起奋力 朝火上泼水，最终火熄灭了以后几百年里，傣族人民每年都要欢庆斩除妖魔，庆祝“泼水节”分数：25.00） 正确答案：()解析：{{B}}The Water-Splashing Festival{{/B}} The Water-Splashing Festival is on Apr il 13-15, whentheDaipeoplecelebratetheirNewYear'sDay.Thecelebrationschangeoneachday.Thefirst dayisforcleaningupthehousesandneighbourhood.Thenextdayeveryonegoesouttothestreets and splashes water to each otherwith their pans, pailsand buckets. The cleanwater isbelieved to be the best blessing. And on the third day people have fun by taking dragon boats and setting off firecrackers. As to where the Water-Splashing Festival comes from, there is a folk legend. A long time ago, a demon king impressed by the fertility of the Jinghong area in Yunnan, appropriated it and forced seven beautiful Dai maidens to be his wives. The people hated the demon, and the ladies tried to find out ways to get rid of him. One day, one of them hit upon an idea. She plied him with alcohol and showered him with flattery. At last she got to know a secret: the onlythingthatcouldkill himwastotieapiece ofhair fromhis own headaroundhisneck.Soon he was snoring in drunken slumber. The lady did as she had found out about, and the demon's head dropped to the floor, rolling.Ashe wasa "fire demon", whateverthe rolling head touchedburst into flame. The seven wives and all the people splashed water over the fire and managed to extinguish it. Since then, the Dai people have been celebrating the "Water-Splashing Festival".。