美驻华大使在北京大学的英语演讲稿 it’s interesting to note because when you put -china relations in proper context in history, it reads like a roller coaster. caleb cushing was sent over here by john tyler because there was great concern that the british were getting way too much out of their trading relationship with china. 有趣的是,当你把美中关系放到合适的历史背景中观察的话,就会发觉它像一辆过山车约翰∙泰勒把凯莱布∙顾圣派到这里来,是因为英国从和中国的贸易关系中所得甚多,引发了美国的极大关切 you’ll remember the first opium war, right? 1837 to 1842. 1842 resulted in the treaty of nanjing which opened up several important ports – xiamen, fuzhou, ningbo, shanghai, and one old canton port. trade facilitation was achieved. they lowered tariffs and they also dealt with hong kong, as you will recall, which later was dealt with a little differently. it was an open-ended agreement in 1842 and it later became quite specific, a 99 year lease in, i think, 1897 or 1898. 你们会记得第一次鸦片战争,是不是?从1837年到1842年。
1842年战争结束时签署了《南京条约》,开放若干主要口岸——厦门、福州、宁波、上海和旧称canton的广州港促进贸易的目标达成了条约要求降低关税,你们还会记得,还包括香港问题,以后的处理方法有些不一样1842年时,这是一项没有期限的协议,以后,我想是在1897年或1898年加以详细化,即要求了99年的租期 thewas very concerned about this agreement between the uk and china, which resulted after the first opium war. president tyler sent over caleb cushing, my colleague a long time ago, and he negotiated another treaty called the treaty of wangxia, which essentially gave the united states more of a level playing field with the uk. it similarly opened up a lot of ports forcommerce and for trade facilitation, but it also achieved a sense of extraterritoriality, the first ever, which meant that american citizens would be treated underlaw if they found themselves in trouble in china, which was quite unique and novel in those days, back when ambassadors and consuls general had enormous power over setting both trade policy for the united states, so on and so forth. 美国对英中之间作为第一次鸦片战争结果签署的这项协议很关切。
泰勒总统派来一个人,担任我现在的职务,她经过谈判和中国签署了被称作《望厦条约》的另一项条约,实质上给美国更多的和英国平等竞争的条件如同《南京条约》那样,《望厦条约》也开放了很多通商口岸,方便了贸易活动,而且还有史以来首次授予某种治外法权,也就是说,假如美国公民在中国和她国国民发生纷争,她们将依据美国法律得四处理,这在当初是一个很独特和新奇的情况,当初,驻外大使和总领事对确定美国的贸易政策等等握有巨大的权力 so the roller coaster ride continued up and down. 这么,过山车继续上下飞转 now we sit with a large complicated relationship that is multi-faceted, that covers virtually every foreign policy issue imaginable, and one that my president, barack obama, has asked to be handled in a positive, collaborative and comprehensive fashion. 。