Unit12 What did you do last weekend? 知识点归纳 一、重点短语1. last weekend 上周末2. do one’s homework 做作业3. go to the cinema 看电影4. go boating 去划船5. camp by the lake 在湖边露营6. go to the beach 去海滩7. play badminton 打羽毛球8. on Saturday morning 在周六的早上9. study for the English test 为了英语考试学 习10. feed some cows 喂一些奶牛11. work as a guide 做为一个导游工作12. Natural History Museum 自然历史博物馆 13. butterfly house 蝴蝶馆14. over 200 kinds of butterflies 超过 200 多种 蝴蝶15. tell sb about … 告诉某人关于…16. living habits 生活习惯17. be kind of tired 有点儿累19. stay up 熬夜20. play with sb. 和某人玩二、用法归纳1. go + doing 去做某事2. play + 球类 玩…… 球3. 时间段+ ago ……前21. lose things 丢东西22. run away 跑开23. fly a kite 放风筝24.as a special gift 作为一个特殊的礼物 25. take sb. to sp. 把某人带到某地26. go camping 去露营27. put up the tents 搭建帐篷28. make a fire 生火29. keep sb. warm 使某人保持温暖30. on the first night 在第一天晚上 31.so...that... 如此…以至于…32. go to sleep 去睡觉33. get a surprise 吃惊34. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事 35. jump up and down 上蹦下跳36. climb onto one’s back 爬到某人背上 37. shout at/shout to 大声喊叫38 wake …up 把...弄醒39. move into… 移入,爬进…中40. a useful lesson 有用的一课14. keep + sb. / sth. + 形容词 / 副词 / 介词短语 使……保持……5. so + 形容词 / 副词+ that 句子 如此……以至于……6. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事7. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事8. start to do / doing sth. 开始做某事三、重点句子1. —What did you do last weekend? 上个周末你做什么了?— I did my homework. / We went boating. 我做了我的家庭作业。
/我们去划船了2. —Who visited her grandma? 谁看望了她的奶奶?— Becky did. 贝姬看望了3. My sister finished high school two weeks ago. 我的姐姐两周前中学毕业了4. But I was so tired that I went to sleep early. 但是我是如此疲倦,以至于我很早就睡着了 四、词句精讲1. last(1)last 作形容词时,意为“最后的,最末的”或者“紧接前面的,刚过去的”例如: Today is the last day in the year. 今天是今年的最后一天I didn’t sleep well last night. 昨晚我没睡好2)last 作副词时,意为“最后地”,例如:I’m the last one. 我是最后一个3)last 做动词时,意思是“持续,继续,维持”等,例如:The hot weather lasted a week. 炎热的天气持续了一周2. as(1)as 作介词时意为“作为”,其后多接表示职业、职务、用途、作用之类的名词例如: He works as a worker. 他作为一名工人而工作。
I used one of my shoes as a hammer. 我拿我的一只鞋当锤子使2)as 还可以作连词,其后多接从句或介词短语例如:All the six students do as the teacher says.所有这六个学生都按照老师说的做3. camp(1)camp 作动词,意为“扎营,搭帐篷”例如:2We go camping every summer. 我们每年夏天都去野营We walked all day and camped by a river at night.我们走了一天,晚上在一条河边宿营 (2)camp 作名词,意为“露营地,度假营”例如:Let’s go back to the camp, it’s getting dark. 让我们回营地吧,天黑下来了We spent two weeks at camp this summer. 我们今年夏天在度假营玩了两周4. sheepsheep 可数名词,意为“绵羊”,它的复数还是 sheep;而 goat 侧重指山羊例如: How many sheep are there on your farm? 你们农场里有多少只羊?拓展:常见的单复数同形的名词还有:deer (鹿), fish (鱼), Chinese (中国人),Japanese(日本人)等。
5. byby 介词, 意为“在…… 旁边”, 表示位置,相当于 beside例如:Our teacher is sitting by the window. 我们老师坐在窗户旁边拓展:by 作介词的其他常见用法:(1)表示移动方向,意为“经过”例如:My mother goes by the building every day.我妈妈每天从这栋楼旁边经过2)表示方式及手段,意为“用,靠,通过”He makes a living by fishing. 他以捕鱼为生3)与交通工具名词连用时,名词前不用冠词,意为“乘、坐、用” 等例如:I went there by bike. 我骑自行车去那儿的6. tiredtired 形容词,意为“疲倦的,疲劳的,累的”,be tired of 意为“对…… 厌烦”tired 的反义词是 tireless,意为“不知疲倦的”例如:He looks tired today. 他今天看起来很累She was tired of watching TV. 她看电视看得厌倦了拓展:tiring 指“令人困倦的,使人疲劳的,累人的”例如:It was a long tiring day. 这一天让人感到又累又长。
7. stay3(1)stay 不及物动词,意为“停留,逗留”,后常接介词短语表示停留的地点stay up 意为“熬夜;不睡觉”;stay up late 意为“熬夜,睡的很晚”例如:It’s raining outside, so we have to stay at home.外面正在下雨,因此我们不得不呆在家里Do you often stay up?你经常熬夜吗?(2)stay 可以做连系动词,意为“维持,保持”,其后常接形容词作表语例如:The weather will stay fine for several days.天气将持续几天晴朗3)stay 可以作名词,意为“停留、逗留”例如:During my stay in Beijing, I had a good time.我在北京逗留期间玩的很高兴8. shout(1)shout 作动词,意为“呼喊(叫),大声说,叫嚷”shout at 意为“冲……大声嚷”,方式比 较粗鲁;shout to 意为“朝……喊”,常因为距离远或者周围嘈杂而喊,目的让对方听见例 如:She shouted at the old man. 她大声呵斥那老人。
He shouted to the old man. 他大声向那老人喊2)名词,意为“呼喊,叫喊”例如:What a terrible shout! 多可怕的叫喊声!9. put upput up 意为“搭建,搭起”,着重指建造或搭起一个具有一定高度的具体的物体在口语中 set up 与 build 也有此意例如:It’s going to rain. Let's put up the tent.天要下雨了,我们把帐篷搭起来吧拓展:put up 还可意为“挂起,张贴;举起;抬起”之意例如:Please help me put up the picture.请帮我挂起这幅画If you know the answer, please put up your hands.如果知道答案,请举手10. surprise4(1)surprise 作名词,意为“惊奇,惊讶, 惊喜”,作抽象名词时通常不可数,也可以具体化变 为可数名词;get a surprise 意为“吃惊”例如:He gave me a surprise by arriving early. 他的早到让我吃惊2)surprise 作动词,意为“使……吃惊/震惊”,后面常接人作宾语。
例如:The news surprised us greatly. 这条消息使我们大为吃惊11. movemove 的用法比较多,现总结如下:(1)move 可作及物动词,意为“移动、搬动、使改变位置(或姿势)”例如:He moved the sofa to the left. 他把沙发移到左边2)move 作及物动词,还可意为“感动、鼓动、激动”例如:The speech moved them to tears.那场演说把他们感动得落泪3)move 还可作不及物动词,意为“离开、动身迁移、搬家”例如:He moved his family to a smaller house.他把家搬到一个较小的房子里注意:搬到某地常用 move to + 地点,但当副词作地点状语时,此时可省略掉 to拓展:move house 搬家 move in 搬进,迁进move to Paris 搬到巴黎 move on 继续前进12. wake up &wake…upwake upwake up 意为 “ 醒来 ” ,是不及物动词词组,其后不能接表示人的名词或者代词例如: The students usually wake up early. 学生们通常醒的很早。
wake…upwake sb. up 意为“把某人叫醒”,是指一方把另一方叫醒或者吵醒,wake 和 up 之间加表示人的 名词或者代词例如:Don’t wake your father up. He’s too tired. 不要把你父亲吵醒他太累了13. How interesting!这是一个感叹句,感叹句是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈情感的句子感叹句一般用 how 或者 what 开头,句末加感叹号what 修饰名词,how 修饰形容词或副词具体句式如下:5(1)what 引导的感叹句:1)What a(an)+形容词+可数名词的单数形式+主语+谓语!What a clever boy he is!多么聪明的小男孩啊!2)What+形容词+可数名词的复数形式+主语+谓语!What interesting books the children are reading!孩子们读的书多么有趣啊!3)What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!What cold weather it is !多冷的天!(2)how 引导的感叹句:1)How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语!How lovely the baby is!这孩子真可爱!(lovely 为形容词)How fast he runs! 他跑地多快啊!(fast 为副词)2) How+形容词+a(an)+可数名词的单数形式+主语+谓语!How heavy a box they are carrying! 他们抬的箱子多重啊!3)How+主语+谓语!How time flies! 时间过得多快!14. -Who visited her grandma?-Becky did.本句的答语中的 did 是用来代替上文中的动词 visited 的。
英语中为了避免不必要的重复,经常 用 do, does, did, so 等来代替前面的动词或相关内容例如:-Do you like music? 你喜欢音乐吗?-No, but my father does. (does= likes music)不,但是我父亲喜欢音乐-Do you think he is clever? 你认为他聪明吗?-I think so.(so 代替 he is clever)我认为如此-Did you pass the exam? 你通过考试了吗?-No, but my friend Lily did. (did 等于 passed the exam)没有,但是我的朋友 Lily 通过了15. But I was so tired that I went to sleep early.这句话的意思是“我是如此的累,以至于我很早就睡了so… that…的意思是“如此……以至6于……”,它引导结果状语从句在口语中,so…that…的 that 常被省去例如:She felt so sad that tears came to her eyes.她非常悲伤,泪水盈眶。
John was so drunk(that)he could not stand still .约翰醉得站也站不住了He spoke so rapidly(that )we could hardly follow him.他说得很快,我们很难听清楚他在说什么16. This was a very useful lesson for me.这句话的意思是“这对我来说是个很有用的教训lesson 在本句中意为“教训,经验”,是可 数名词teach sb. a lesson 表示 “给某人一个教训 ”learn a lesson 意为 “得到一次教训 ”例如:That accident taught them a lesson. 那次事故给了他们一个教训You should teach him a lesson. 你应该教训他一顿拓展:lesson 作名词时还可以表示“功课,课”,多用复数形式,也可以指具体的“一堂课,一节 课”,多用单数形式例如:She gives the children lessons in music. 她给孩子们上音乐课They usually have four lessons in the morning. 上午他们通常有四节课。
17. Not really, but I visited my sister.really 是副词, 在此与否定词连用,起减弱语气的作用not really 意为“没有,没什么,不怎么” 等,相当于 not very much. 例如:I don’t really agree with that. 对此我不太赞同-Did you enjoy that movie? 你喜欢那部电影吗?-Not really. 不怎么喜欢拓展:(1)really 单独使用时,表示感兴趣或疑问、惊讶、恼怒等语气例如:-My grandfather bought me a new bike. 我外祖父给我买了一辆新自行车-Really? 真的吗?(2)用于形容词或行为动词之前,表示强调,意为“真的,的确,确实”例如: She is really beautiful. 她的确很漂亮I really like English. 我真的喜欢英语。