基础单词：*****crew 船员captain(master) 船长chief officer or chief mate(first mate) 大副second officer or second mate 二副third officer or third mate 三副cadet 见习生boatswain or bosun 水手长seaman 普通水手，海员engineer 轮机员，工程师chief engineer 轮机长(俗称大车，老轨)second engineer 大管轮(俗称二车，二轨)third engineer 二管轮(俗称三车，三轨) fourth engineer 三管轮(俗称四车，四轨)surveyor验船师shipowner船东representative代表electrician 电工fitter 铁工、钳工plumber铜工welder焊工carpenter 木匠、木工质检员Safe inspect安全员帮领班pilot引水员foreman领班dockmaster坞长supervisor主管superintendent总管engineering department工程部hull workshop船体车间machinery & electric workshop机电车间dock workshop坞修车间bulk—carrier 散货船 diesel boat 柴油机船 freighter 货船oil barge 油驳passenger ship 客船combination ship 混合装运船semi-container ship 半集装箱船multi-purpose ship 多种用途船container ship 集装箱船；货箱船tug 拖轮(拖船)LNG carrier(liquefied natural gas carrier) 液化天然气船VLCC(very large crude carrier) 大型油船 ULCC(ultra large crude carrier) 超大型油船dockyard 船厂ship/vessel船舶voyage repair航修annual repair年修、岁修wharf码头anchorage锚地floating dock 浮船坞repair list 修理单additional item 加帐hull船体stem船首bow 船头stern船尾port side(beam)左舷starboard side(beam)右舷cabin 船舱deck甲板rudder舵propeller螺旋桨tailshaft尾轴anchor chain锚链pulley 滑轮pump 泵hold货舱 life boat救生艇life jacket 救生衣radar雷达main machinery主机auxiliary machinery 辅机block 滑轮；葫芦boiler 锅炉baggage room 行李房crane 起重机；吊车main deck 主甲板diesel engine 柴油机；内燃机engine room 机舱；引擎间escape trunk 逃出口；救生道corridor , passage 走廊galley (船上)厨房double bottom双层底lavatory , toilet, water closet(wc) 盥洗室 厕所mess(mess room) 餐厅turbine 透平机；涡轮机out of order 不正常**** 专业单词 ****boat deck 救生艇甲板boom 吊杆break 甲板台阶brake刹车装置brake lining刹车带bunker 燃料舱capstan 绞盘davit 挂艇架；吊艇杆、derrick 吊杆faulty 故障forecastle head 船头甲板fuel tank 燃油舱hawse hole 锚链孔hawse pipe 锚链筒jumbo(derrick) 重吊(杆)lower deck 下甲板lower tween deck 下二层柜mainmast 主桅poop deck 船尾上面的甲板promenade deck 保护甲板之上甲板shelter deck 遮蔽甲板tackle 滑车；吊具tonaage deck 量吨甲板tween screw 双推进器tarpaulin 盖舱油布turbine 透平机；涡轮机turbine tube 运平管scupper 排水管scanner 雷达扫描设备sextant 六分仪shaft tunnel 轴隧shackle 钩环shifting board 防动板；隔舱板signaling lamp 信号灯single screw 单推进器sling 吊索steering gear 舵机upper deck 上甲板valve 阀门ventilator 通风筒；风筒winch 绞车winch house 绞车楼windlass 起锚机**** Special tools for ship repairing(修船专用工具) ****hydraulic hand pumps 手动油压泵hydraulic jacks 油压千斤顶hydraulic press frame 液压顶支架air grinders 气动砂轮机air drill 气动钻appers 攻螺纹机files，saws 气动锉、气动锯air millers 气动刨铣机air wrenches 气动扳手air hoists 气动葫芦**** Troubles(表示故障的词语) ****beyond repair 已无法修复over-sized 尺寸过大slow function 反应缓慢out of order 不正常not up to standard 不合标准inaccurate 不准确ineffective 失效out of function 失去作用seized 粘着stuck fast by icing 冰冻结住over heated 过热excessive wear 过度磨损excessively worn out (worn away ) 过度磨掉a little bit inclined 有一点倾斜abnormal 不正常destroyed by overheating 因过热而毁坏chapped 龟裂collapse 塌陷out of operation 运转失灵oval 呈椭圆形scored 拉痕scuffed about 6 mm×7mm in area 拉毛面积约6mm×7 mmdeformed 变形deformed over a length of 3 mm 变形超过3 mmloose 松动greasy 油污dirty 肮脏stuck 咬住squeezed 挤压bent 弯曲faulty 故障frosted 结霜damaged 损坏broken into pieces 破裂成片partly detached 部分剥离partly blocked 部分阻塞violent vibration 剧烈振动low efficiency 效率不高twisted 挠曲burnt 烧坏choked 堵塞fractured 断裂earthed 接地knocking 敲缸leaking(leaky) 漏泄melted away 溶化reduced about 12 mm 缩减约12 mmjammed up in the cylinder 在气缸内卡住**** Dismantling(表示拆卸的相关词语) ****to be taken out from ring groove 从环槽中取出to be opened up for inspection 打开检查to be shrunk(softened)with dry ice 用干冰拧松to be untightened by heating 用加热放松to be lifted out 吊出to be turned out 转出to be dismantled 拆卸to be withdrawn 退出to be loosened 拧松to be unscrewed 拧开to be drawn out 拔出to be pulled out for inspection 拔出检查to be dismounted 卸下to be pulled off 拉去to be taken off 拆下to be turned(rolled) out 转出 to be extracted by drilling 钻孔拔出to be removed 移开to be disconnected 脱开to be disengaged 解脱to be disassembled 解体to be overhauled 解体检修to be ranged out 解开排好to be turned over 翻转**** Assembling(表示安装的相关词语) ****to be tightened up to the proper tension 上紧至一定的紧度to be covered with asbestos wrapping 包以石棉to be reassembled with new packings 用新的填料重新安装to be refitted with new packings 用新的填料重新装复to be retightened by hydraulic pressure 用液压重新上紧to be reinforced by adding a support 加装支柱以加强to be pressed into 压入all removals to be refitted as original 所有拆下部件按原样安装to be re—expanded 重新扩管to be refastened 重新搞紧to be reassembled 重新组装to be rethreaded 重车螺纹to be restored 重新堆装to be fitted back according to instruction 按说明书装复，to be preserved with cement wash 涂水泥浆to be connected 接好to be dressed up 装饰to be inserted with good contact 嵌入至良好接触to be installed in position 装至原位 ．to be installed and proved workable 装好并能使用to be mounted 装上to be fixed up 装好to be boxed up in good working order 安装至良好工况to be repacked after fitting back 装复后重新填料to be fastened 搞紧to be easy going 需易于拆装to be closed up in good order 需封闭完好to be closed up in the presence of C/E 需轮机长在场时封闭to be sealed in the presence of C／E and surveyor 需轮机长和验船师在场时封闭**** Inspecting(表示检查的相关词语) ****to be opened up for inspection 打开检查to be checked completely 全部核查to be examined 检查to be detected for leakage 查漏to be checked according to the instruction book 按说明书核查to be re-checked 重新核查to be re-inspected 重新检查to be checked for alignment 检查对中to be checked after assemblage 装配后检查**** Testing(试验相关用语) ****to be tested in running condition 在运转情况下试车to be tested under pressure of 6 atmospheres 在六个大气压下进行试验to be tested by means of blue oil 做蓝油试验to be tested hydraulically(to be hydraulic—tested) 做液压试验to be pressure-tested 做压力试验to do magnetic powder testing 做磁力探伤run一in test to be applied(carried out) 做磨合试验dye test to be applied 做染色探伤color test to be carried out 做染色试验load trial to be carried out 做负载试车to be dynamically balanced (to be subjected to dynamic balance test ) 做动平衡试验to be statically balanced (to be subjected to static balance ) 做静平衡试验blue oil test to be carried out 进行蓝油试验pressure test to be applied for leakage 进行压力试验查漏operation test to be carried out(performed) 进行操作试验smoke test to be carried out 进行烟熏试验load test to be carried out 进行负载试验to be verified 证实to be tested for leakage 试验漏泄to be tested to prove tightness 试验紧固度to be tested according to the specifications 按规范进行试车to be retested after necessary repair 修理后重新试车to be surveyed 检验to be subjected to hydraulic test according to the requirements of the instruction book 根据说明书要求做液压试验to be subjected to running test after reassembling 装复后做运转试车to be tested by sighting 照光试验to be tested in order 需试验完好**** 11 Measuring(表示测量的相关词语) ****measurement to be taken with bridge gauge 用桥规测量to be measured with calliper 用卡尺测量to be measured by means of ultrasonic instrument 用超声波仪器测量clearance to be measured by means of lead wire 用压铅丝测量间隙to be gauged by means of micrometer 用千分卡测试to be measured for elongation 测取延伸率to be measured for thickness 测量厚度to be calibrated 校正to be recalibrated 重新测校crank shaft deflections to be measured before and after repair 修理前后测量拐挡差 **** Adjusting(表示调整的相关词语) ****to be adjusted by means of lead wire 用压铅丝方法调整to be rectified on the lathe 在车床上矫正to be adjusted according to the instruction book 按说明书调整to be re-adjusted within the limit of 0.2 mm 重新调整至0.2mmto be rebalanced 重新找平to be aligned up 对中to be re-aligned 重新对中to be adjusted to 300 N／mm2 to open and 310 N／mm2 to close 调整至300 N/mm2开启，310 N／mm2关闭**** Cleaning(表示清洗的相关词语) ****to be cleaned internally 内部清洗to be cleaned with chemical compounds 化学清洗to be cleaned with soda solution 用苏打溶液清沽to be washed with fresh water 用淡水清洗to be flushed with sea water 用海水冲洗to be blown with compressed air 用压缩空气吹洗slops to be disposed of 处理掉废油污水to be air—blown 吹风to be cleaned away thoroughly 彻底清除to be derusted by chipping 敲铲除锈to be descaled 除垢oil sludge and sediment to be dug and removed 挖掏油渣沉淀to be scraped and repainted 铲刮重漆loose cement to be scraped out 铲除脱落水泥ashes(sludge)to be cleaned off 清除灰渣垃圾**** Machining(切削加工相关词语) ****to be faired up on the lathe 上车床平顺to be machined to roundness 车成圆度to be skinned(skimmed)up 车光洁to be smoothed 车光洁to be machined(faced up) 光车to be machined to size 光车至规定尺寸to be machined to order 光车至所需要求to be polished to mirror surface 抛光至镜面度to be surface-finished 表面光洁to be finished to roundness on spot 原地车圆to be lathed and slotted 光车开槽to be drilled and taped 钻孔攻丝to be drilled out 钻出to be milled and chamfered 铣槽倒角to be tapered before fitting back 装复前车成锥形to be honed and polished 镗磨光滑to be bored to roundness 镗圆**** Fitting(钳工用语) ****to be ground to the seat 与阀座磨合to be ground with lapping compound 用研磨剂研磨to be smoothed with a file 用锉刀光滑ridges to be filed off 凸起部分需锉掉to be faired up in way of fracture 平顺断裂部位to be fitted and scraped 拂刮to be ground smoothly 研磨光滑to be ground to bare metal 研磨出白to be reground 重新研磨to be chipped to bare metal 敲铲出白to be freed up 除掉to be brushed 刷to be ground in sites 原地研磨to be hardened up 紧固to be sand-blasted to bare metal 喷砂出白to be gouged out 刨削to be ground in 磨合**** Electricity(电气相关用语) ****mica to be undercut 云母拉槽to be wrapped in insulator 包以绝缘物drop test of all windings to be carried out 对所有绕组进行冲击试验to be megger-tested 进行高阻抗试验balancing test of armature to be carried 进行电枢平衡试验high voltage test to be performed 进行高压试验over—current test to be performed 进行过电流试验trial to be carried out as follows 进行如下试车run in full load 4 hours 满载运行4小时run in half load 2 hours 半载运行2小时run in over load(10％)1 hours 过载l0％运行1小时to be rewound 重绕to be revarnished 重浸凡立水to be re-insulated 重新绝缘to be insulated 绝缘to be varnished 浸凡立水to be dipped with insulation paint 浸绝缘漆to be immersed with insulation paint 浸绝缘漆to be impregnated with insulation paint 浸绝缘漆to be baked and dried 烘干to be routed 排线heavy current 强电light current 弱电monitor 监视generator 发电机alternator 交流发电机prime mover 原动机battery 蓄电池illumination 照明main switchboard 主配电板distribution panel 分配电板shore power box 岸电箱overload 过载reverse power 逆功率under voltage 欠电压 preference trip 优先卸载switch over 转换remote control 遥控switch on 合闸switch off 分断unload 卸载out of service 解列退出 电constant voltage 恒压in parallel 并联phase sequence(angle) 相序(角)regulator 调整器load test 负荷试验control unit(component) 控制装置(元件)contactor 接触器relay(pressure，temperature，level) (压力、温度、液位)继电器thermostat 恒温器master controller 主令控制器sensor 传感器dynamic-pressure type 水压式indicator 显示器magnifier 放大器converter 变化器，换能器rectify 整流，滤波level gauge 液位计thermometer 温度计solenoid 电磁阀interlock 互锁rheostat 变阻器，电阻箱printed wiring board 印刷电路板led=light emitting diode 发光二极管potentiometer 电位计，分压计servomotor 伺服电动机self excitation 自励compound excitation 复励resistor 电阻器capacitor 电容器reactor 电抗器transformer 变压器heat-resisting cable ． 耐热电缆armored cable 铠装电缆shielded cable 屏蔽电缆cabtyre cable 橡胶绝缘软电缆anti-explosion lamp 防爆灯arc shield 灭弧罩ACB(automatic circuit breaker) 自动空气断路器ballast 镇流器alkaline battery 碱性蓄电池electrolyte 电解液evaporator 造水机explosion proof motor 防爆电机ebonite 胶木，电木earth-fault protection 接地保护bearing pedestal 轴承座blinker lamp 闪光信号灯bus bar 汇流排buzzer 蜂鸣器cable conduit 电缆管道，导线管cable laying 电缆敷设cathode protection unit 阴极保护装置centrifugal switch 离心式开关change-over switch 转换开关chip 芯片，集成电路converter 变流机counter 计数器cowl 通风罩current transformer 电流互感器duty cycle 负载持续率neutrals 中性点float switch 浮动(子)开关fog horn(whistle) 雾笛fuse base 熔丝座gangway lamp 舷梯灯germicidal lamp 杀菌灯glow一starter 辉光启动器governor 调速器effective power 有效功率ignition coil 点火线圈integrating circuit 积分电路lead-acid battery 铅酸蓄电池keyway(key slot) 键槽load transfer 功率转移，负荷转移magslip 旋转变压器main-frame 总配线架，主机架，底盘maintenance 维修保养mercury vapour lamp 水银灯(汞气灯)movable(static)contact 动(静)触头operating system 操作系统PCB=printed circuit board 印刷电路板periodic repair 定期维修photoswitch 光控开关，光控继电器plug 插头socket 插座potential 电势pre-exciting switch 充磁开关probe 探头，探测器rated capacity 额定容量reactive current 无功功率reduced-voltage starting 降压起动resilient coupling 弹性连接resonance 谐振rewire 重新接线shaft-turning gear motor 盘车装置电动机thermocouple 热电偶thermo—switch 温度开关winding overheat 绕组过热compensator 补偿器relative permeability 介电常数screened 有屏蔽unscreened 无屏蔽**** Motor and alternator(电机和发电机) ****arcing (电)击穿bake 烘烤bearing cap(cover) 轴承盖bearing housing 轴承座brazing 铜焊brush gear 电刷装置cleaning agent 清洁剂clearance 间隙coil 线圈commutator 换向器，转接器core 铁心electric cleanser 电气清洁剂heater 加热器insulator 绝缘子interpole 换向极metal plating 金属涂镀rotor 转子self-cooling 自冷series coil 串激线圈shaft sealing ring 轴封shunt 并激sleeve 套，筒stator 定子varnish 浸漆winding 绕组**** Illumination(照明) ****searching light 探照灯projector 投光灯navigational light 航行灯signal light 信号灯portable light 手提灯fluorescent light 荧光灯cabin ceiling light 舱顶灯anchor light 锚灯mast light 桅灯stern light 尾灯side light 舷灯flash signal light 闪光信号灯emergency lighting 应急照明**** Navigati011 and communication equipment(导航及通讯设备) ****compass(magnetic～) 罗经(磁罗经)gyro 陀螺仪steadiness 稳定性radio wave 无线电波anemoscoper 风速仪antenna 天线accelerometer 加速计log 计程仪speed servo system 速度随动系统range display 航程显示器calculator 计数器sensibility 灵敏度transmitter 发射机receiver 接收机sounder 测深仪fathometer 测深仪echo sounder 回声测深仪impulsator 脉冲发生器dial 刻度盘medium wave(short-) 中波(短波)radio station 电台transceiver 收发报机teleprinter 电传打字机 intercommunication 内通sound power telephone 声力automatic telephone 自动 acoustics 音响效果direct telephone 直通，对讲电通PART 23 Useful prepositional phrase(常用介词短语)about 35 mm in length 长度约35 mmabout 80 mm×90 mm in area 面积约80 mm×90 mm according to the instruction book 根据说明书according to the C/E’s instruction 根据轮机长指示after being annealed 退火后after being ground 研磨后after being machined 精加工后after being welded 焊接后after completion 完工以后after repair 修理以后aa follows 如下as necessary 按需要as per sample 按样品as required 按要求 as spare 作备件before repair 修理以前before test 试验以前between fly wheel and generator 在飞轮和发电机之间by means of metal—lock 用波浪键的方法by means of lead wire 用压铅丝方法by owner 由船舶所有人by yard 由船厂for inspection (为了)检查for examination (为了)仔细检查for repair (为了)修理for perfect cleanness (为了)彻底清洁if found 如果发现if necessary 如果必要in(good)order 妥善in good working order(condition) 至良好工况in running condition 至运行工况in normal order 至正常in duplicate(two copies) 一式两份in triplicate(three copies) 一式三份in the presence of sb． 某人在场的情况下in position 就位in sites 原地**** Repair work or the deck department(甲板部修理工程) **** 1．Anchor chains should be proof tested． 锚链应进行拉力试验. 2.The windlass squeaks when the anchor is hoisted. You had better to have it checked. 起铺时锚机总是“吱吱”作响，你们最好对它检查一下。
3. The motor of this cargo winch rotates too quickly. It needs readjusting． 这台起货机的马达旋转过快，需要重新调整 4. Please measure and record the rudder bearings clearance and hand over to chief officer in triplicate. 测量舵轴承间隙，记录一式三份交大副 5. The error of the rudder angle indicator is too large. 舵角指示器误差过大 6．The rudder blade does not remain amidships while the indicator reads zero． 舵角指示器为零时，舵不在中间位置 7. Ship’s bottom base line to be sighted and measured．Three copies of record should be handed over to the ship． 船底基线望光检查测量，记录一式三份交给船方。
8．20 pcs．zinc plates on rudder blade．stern frame and ship’s hull structure to be renewed (30 mm×150 mm×300 mm)． 船体、舵及艉架上的锌板(30mm×150 mm×300 mm)20块换新 9. Thickness of the shell plate in way of B、C and D strakes need to be thickness gauged with ultrasonic instrument(50 spots in total) 船壳B、C和D列板用超声仪测厚(共50个测点) 10．The dented hull plate in hold No．2 port side(about 150×250 mm)to be faired up in place． 第2舱左舷凹入部分(约150 mm×250 mm)就地校平 11.The bent part of the starboard frame No．105(12×300/16×130 mm，500 mm in length) need to be cropped and renewed. 右舷105号肋骨弯曲(12×300／16×130 mm，500 mm长)割换。
12．The seriously deformed bulkhead plate(12 mm×500 mm×600 mm)between No. 2 and NO. 3 holds need to be renewed. 第2舱与第3舱间舱壁板(12 mm×500 mm×600 mm)严重变形割换 13．One plate(10 mm×200 mm×500 mm)need to be patched on bulkhead in hold No.2. 第2舱舱壁补钢板(10 mm×200 mm×500 mm)一块 14．All watertight doors on main deck need to be removed，repaired，refitted and water— tightness tested. 所有水密门拆下，修后装复，并进行水密试验25. All sheaves and rollers of the life boat davit need to be overhauled，cleaned，greased and reassembled． 所有救生艇吊柱的滑轮和滚轮拆开检查、清洁、加油并装妥。
26. All brake linings and bands of life boat winch need to be renewed. 救生艇吊机的所有刹车带及刹车片换新29. Goose necks，topping lift blocks，cargo blocks and heel blocks of the derricks need to be distainltled，overhauled，measured，well greased，painted and then reassembled in order． 鹅颈头、千斤索滑车、吊货滑车以及引导滑车解体、检查、测量、加油、涂漆、修理损坏 处，然后装复 30．The derrick needs to be load tested according to the rule’s requirement(6.25 tons for single boom of 3／5 tons derrick，12.5 tons for single boom 3/10 tons derrick 按规范进行吊杆负荷试验(3／5 t单杆试验 6.25 t，3／10 t单杆试验12.5 t)。
31．All measuring records and load test reports need to be handed over to chief officer in three copies. 全部测量记录及负荷试验报告一式三份交大副 32．All cargo wires and topping lift wires need to be brushed,cleaned,examined and greased. 所有吊货索、千斤索需要刷净、清洁、检查并涂油 33．Deck fire fighting water pipe(Dia．80mm,gal．steel pipe)at port side to be renewed to— tally about 20 m in length． 左舷甲板消防管(直径80 mm镀锌钢管)部分换新，约20 m长 34. One choked bilge sounding pipe in hold No．2 need to be freed. 第2舱一根测深管堵塞，需疏通。
35．One section of fresh water pipe(Dia．25 mm×4 m)and one stop valve(Dia．25mm)in the crew’s bath room need to be renewed． 船员浴室一段淡水管(直径25 mm，长4 m)以及一只截止阀(直。