2022年高一英语 learning about language 情态动词的用法导学案 新人教版课题 grammar班级授课（完成）时间教师（学生）教学目标知识与技能情态动词的用法过程与方法情感态度与价值观重点难点Ought to have to need dare and 情态动词+have done 教学方法学生自学教学过程新知导学备注划出课文中含有情态动词的句子并指出他们的用法注明知识要求：A“识记类”B“理解类”C“应用类”D“能力提升类”合作探究备注may/ might: 1）表示允许或请求；2）表示可能或推测；3）may 放在句首，表示祝愿May I go home now? (permission)If you lose too much blood, you may die. (possibility)He might be at home. May God bless you! May not “可能不” can not “不可能”3. must / have to：1）必须 2）推测否定结构中：don't have to=need not 表示"不必"，mustn't表示"禁止"。
例如：You don't have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他You mustn't tell him about it. 你不得把这件事告诉他 have to / have got to 的用法must: 偏偏 Why must it rain on Sunday?Listen, there must be some children in the room.4. 表示推测的用法 can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测，其用法如下：对现在情况的推测: 情态动词+动词原形，此时动词通常为系动词肯定：must/may/might + be sth. /do sth. /be doing sth.否定：can/could not + be sth./do sth./ be doing sth疑问：Can/Could + be sth./do sth./ be doing sthEg: I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan. 2）对过去情况的推测肯定：must/may/might +have been /done否定：can/could not + have been /done疑问：Can/Could + have been /doneEg: The road is wet. It must have rained last night. 地是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。
3）对过去正在发生事情的推测: 情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时Eg: Your mother must have been looking for you. 你妈妈一定一直在找你4) 注意其反意疑问句的形式：He must be at home, isn’t he?They must be in the classroom, aren’t they?He may have watched TV yesterday, didn’t he?She must have finished her homework, hasn’t she?5. will /would: 1) 表请求、建议；would比will委婉Would you like some coffee?It is hot. Will you open the windows?2) 表意志、愿望和决心I’ll do my best to catch up with them.3) will be / will have done 表推测，用于第二、三人称前者表对目前情况的推测；后者表对已完成的动作或事态的推测This will be the book you want.He will have arrived by now.4) used to /would的区别5）would表料想或猜想It would be about ten when he left home.I thought he would have told you all about it.6) will 表自然习惯，总是….Oil will float on water.Fish will die without water.6. shall /should1) shall 用于1、人称的疑问句中，征求意见。
What shall we eat this evening?2) shall 用于2、3人称，表命令、许诺、恐吓、警告One day you shall be punished.You shall have the book after I finished it.3) should 表劝告、建议、命令，同义词是：ought to 疑问句中常用should代替ought to.You should go to bed now.Should I open the door?4) should + have doneYou should have started earlier.7. ought to 1) 用于第一人称，表有责任或有必要做某事We ought to be more careful with our homework.2) 用于第二、三人称，表建议或劝告You ought to follow your teacher’s advice.She ought not to go alone.3) ought to + have done: 本该…；I’m sorry. I ought to have told you this morning.8. need / dareneedn’t have done这两词既可做实义动词用，又可做情态动词用。
作为情态动词，两者都只能用于疑问句，否定句和条件句need 作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to，而dare作实义动词用时, 后面的to 时常可以被省略9. had better表示"最好"，相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形had better have done sth 表示与事实相反的结果，意为"本来最好"例如：You had better have come earlier. 你本该来得早一点Need you go yet? 你要走了吗？Yes, I must. / No, I needn't.是的，我要走了/不，不急着走10. would rather表示"宁愿" would rather do would rather not do would rather… than… 宁愿…而不愿 I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home.当堂检测备注1). Peter ___come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. must B. may C. can D. will2). ---Could I borrow your dictionary? ---Yes, of course, you____. A. might B. will C. can D. should3). ---Shall I tell John about it? ---No, you ___. I've told him already. A. needn't B. wouldn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't4). ---Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. ---______.A. I don't B. I won't C. I can't D. I haven't 5). Tom ought not to ___ me your secret, but he meant no harm. A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having t拓展提升备注用适当的情态动词填空 I have not a raincoat with me .that is why I _______ wait until the rain stops ._____I water the trees on Tuesday ?----- No ,you needn’t. He is so strong that I ____fight against him.We ____have received the letter yesterday , but it didn’t arrive .备注 教（学）后反思。