大学【导读】《大学》，原是《小戴礼记》里一篇，旧说为曾子所作，实为秦汉时的儒家作品，这是中国古代讨论教育理论的重要著作《大学》提出了“三纲领”和“八条目’，强调修己是治人的前提，修己的目的是为了治国平天下，说明治国平天下和个人道德修养的一致性《大学》开头就说：“大学之道，在明明德,在亲民，在止于至善这就是后人所说的《大学》“三纲领"大所谓“明明德”，就是发扬光大人所固有的天赋的光明道德所谓“在亲民”，是指发扬了善性之后，即从事治民，治民要亲爱人民所谓“止于至善”，就是要求达到儒家封建伦理道德的至善境界为人君止于仁，为人臣止于敬，为人子止于孝，为人父止于慈，与国人交止于信”，这是《大学》提出的教育纲领和培养目标《大学》还说：“古之欲明明德于天下者，先治其国；欲治其国者，先齐其家；欲齐其家者，先修其身；欲修其身者，先正其心；欲正其心者，先诚其意；欲诚其意者，先致其知；致知在格物格物、致知、诚意、正心、修身、齐家、治国、平天下，后世称之为《大学》的“八条目”，这是实现“三纲领”的具体步骤八条目”的中心环节是修身，“自天子以至于庶人，壹是皆以修身为本"对于培养目标和方法，《大学》反复强调的是个人的道德修养。
1-sonigdu@VE经北宋程颢、程颐竭力尊重，南宋朱熹又作《大学章句》，最终和《中庸》、《论语》、《孟子》并称“四书”宋、元以后，《大学》成为学校官定的教科书和科举考试的必读书，对古代教育产生了极大的影响大学i、■ZdizhTdaxuezhT之shandao道,zhT、■zai在zhimfng明er大yu学zhl在止于至善知止而nengJingJingerhounengan能静,静而后能安,erhounengdewuyoubenmo而后能得物有本末suoxianhouzeJlndaoyi所先后,则近道矣guzhTyumfrgmfngdeyu古之欲明明德于guoyuzhlq^guozhexian国5欲治其国者,先■■—Jiazhexianxiuq^shenyu家者,先修其身;欲qixTnyuzhengq^xTnzhe其心;欲正其心者,q^yizhexianzhlq^zhT其意者,先致其知;wugeerhouzhTzhl物格而后知至,yichengerhouxTnzhengxTnzheng意诚而后心正,心正-1-mfrgde、・zaiqTnmin明德，在亲民,houyoudingdingerhou后有定,定而后anerhounenglulu安而后台匕冃匕虑,虑shlyouzhongshizhT,事有终始,知tian■V[Vxiazhexianzhlq^天下者,先治其q^q^Jiayuq^q^齐其家5欲齐其xiuq^shenzhexianzheng修其身者,先正xianchengq^ylyucheng先诚其意;欲诚zhlzhTzaigewu致知在格物。
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其所令反其所好erninbucongshiguJunziyouzhuJierhouqiu而民不从是故君子有诸己,而后求zhurenwuzhu・VJierhoufeizhurensuocdnghu诸人5无诸己,而后非诸人所藏乎559WWW.SCHqou.HET-5-SOF9gdu@VEp.siRshen身bu不shu恕，er而neng台匕冃匕yu喻zhu诸renzhewei未zhi之you有ye也人者，guzhiguozaiqiqi■■—Jia故治国在齐其家Tin■zhenzhen蓁■■一Jia家ren人y^xiong宜兄Jiaoguoren教shi是si四faguo国zhimin民…法之suo所er而minxlng民gu孤er而ye也suo所wu毋yi以shi事w/u恶心yuhou于后Jiaoyuzuo交于左shiyuntaozhiyaoyaoqiye《诗》云：“桃之夭夭，其叶zhiV/ziyuguiyiqi■■—Jiarenyiqi之子于归，宜其家人”宜其erhoukev・・\yiJiaoguorenshiyun而后可以教国人《诗》云■■yidiyixiongyiderhoukeyi宜弟。
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