Book 8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions(主题语境:人与社会——科学技术)第一步 默写达标分层单词 ▶写作词汇1. seize vt.抓住;捉住;夺 2. bear vt.忍受;忍耐;负担 3. jam n.堵塞;阻塞;果酱 4. passive adj.被动的;消极的;被动语态的 5. stable adj.稳固的;稳定的;安定的 6. tap vt. & vi.轻打;轻拍;轻敲 n.轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头 7. file n.文件;档案;文件夹 vt.提交;将……归档 8. current n.(水或气)流;电流 adj.现在的;当前的 9. criterion n.(评判的)标准,尺度 ▶阅读词汇1.dial vt. 拨() 2.identification n. 鉴定;辨认;确定;身份证明 petence n. 能力;胜任;本领 4.personnel n. 人力资源;人事部;全体人员 5.extension n. 分机;扩大;延伸 6.cubic adj. 立方的 7.valid adj. 有效的;确凿的 8.ripe adj. 熟的;成熟的 petent adj. 能胜任的;有能力的;称职的 10.dynamic adj. 充满活力的;精力充沛的;动态的;发展变化的 11.stainless adj. 无锈的;不锈的;没有污点的 12.patent n. 专利证书;专利权 ▶拓展词汇1. convenient adj.便利的;方便的;就近的→ convenience n.方便;便利 2. practical adj.实际的;实践的;实用的→ practically adv.从实际出发;实事求是地→ practice v. & n.实践;练习 3. expectation n.预料;期待;期望→ expect v.预料;期待;期望 4. merry adj.愉快的;高兴的→ merrily adv.高兴地;愉快地 5. merciful adj.宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的→ mercy n.仁慈;宽恕 6. associate vt.联想;联系 n.同伴;伙伴→ association n.联盟;社团;联想 7. caution n.小心;谨慎→ cautious adj.小心的;谨慎的 8. freezing adj.冰冻的;严寒的→ freeze vt. & vi.(使)冻结;(使)结冰 9. distinguish vi.& vt.显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别→ distinguished adj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的 10. produce vt.生产;制造→ production n.生产;制造→ product n.产品→ productive adj.生产的;(尤指)多产的 11. abrupt adj.突然的;意外的→ abruptly adv.突然地;唐突地 12. innocent adj.清白的;无罪的;天真的→ innocence n.天真;清白 高频短语 1. call up 给……打 2. set about 开始;着手 3. dive into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入 4. hang on 不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住 5. get through 设法联系上(尤指打通);(设法)做完;通过 6. now and then 偶尔;有时 7. out of order 次序颠倒;发生故障 8. ring off 挂断 经典句型 1.But once picked up (一旦被捡起来), they tried to bite me.(状语从句的省略) 2.Only after you have had that recognition can you say (你才能说) that you are truly an inventor.(倒装句式) 第二步 语境运用语境词汇运用 ▶单词拼写(注意所填单词的适当形式变化)1.Data about the moon's composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical (实用的). (2020课标全国Ⅰ) 2.I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford (承担得起) to purchase a book.(2020课标全国Ⅱ) 3.Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable (稳定的), one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. (2019课标全国Ⅰ) 4.At what age are children able to distinguish (辨别) between right and wrong? 5.The husband left home, for he couldn't bear (忍受) his wife's bad temper. 6.The elephant seized (抓住) a nearby branch and put it into her mouth. 7.For Internet universities, exams and diplomas will be valid (有效的) if they can defeat academic cheating. ▶短语填空(注意所填短语的适当形式变化) I lived in the city and I 1. called up (给……打) my grandparents who lived in a remote village. Occasionally, their old phone was 2. out of order (发生故障) and I couldn't 3. get through (设法联系上) to them. I had to 4. ring off (挂断) because no one answered the call 5. now and then (偶尔). Sometimes, I had to 6. hang on (不挂断), waiting for their response. At one time, I undertook a challenging task. I 7. set about (着手) dealing with it and didn't give them a call for a long time. Surprisingly, they came to visit me. I made an apology to them, saying, “I am sorry, but I 8. am diving into (一心投入) my present job.” “Never mind. The telephone happened to have been wrong for a long time,” they said jokingly. ▶单句填空(注意所填单词的适当形式变化)1.BookCrossing provides an identification (identify)number to stick inside the book. 2.When the ice is heated above freezing (freeze) point, it begins to change into a liquid state. 3.The bus stopped abruptly (abrupt), which made many passengers fall off their seats. 4.In modern society, punctuality is a necessary virtue, which is a recognition (recognize) of the importance of other people. 5.His parents expected him to become a doctor and he spared no effort to live up to all the expectations of them. (expect) 6.We have provided seats for the convenience of our customers. If it is convenient for you, welcome here. (convenient) 7.The king showed no mercy (mercy) and killed all the prisoners. 8.David is a cautious man who is always doing things with caution . Thus, you had better deal with him cautiously . (caution) 9.In western countries,the number “thirteen” is usually associated with bad luck, but actually there isn't any association between them.(associate) 经典句型仿写 1.只有当你竭尽全力,你的努力才能得到回报。
倒装)Only when you try your best can your efforts pay off . 2.有一些健康问题,如果不被及时处理,后来就会变成大问题状语从句的省略)There are some health problems that, if not treated in time , can become bigger ones later on. 4。