2022年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破专题17点石成金完形填空之记叙文教学案【2019考纲解读】完形填空着重考查考生的语篇理解能力，记叙文因其具备完整的故事情节和深刻的教育意义而更能体现考生的这种能力，所以近几年的高考仍然以记叙文这种体裁为选材的重中之重它主要包括幽默故事、名人传记、事件叙述等 【题型特点】1．记叙文型完形填空可分为记事和记人两种形式，记叙时间、地点、人物和事件等，文章长度在300词左右，阅读用时约需18分钟2．文章首句一般不设空，以情景意义考查为主，淡化对语法的考查，4个选项词类相同，设空以实词为主，即动词、名词、形容词、副词为主，虚词为辅，即介词、连词，代词为辅，几乎不涉及情态动词与冠词方法技巧】 近几年记叙文文体完形填空的选文突出了叙述上的灵活性、事件的趣味性和教育性，再加上生词量的增大，及复合句的增多，考生在此题上的失分仍然很严重因此，如何在读懂原文的情况下减少失误是目前考生面临的重大问题要做好记叙文文体的完形填空，考生可从以下几个方面入手： 1．细读文章首句，推测全文内容 完形填空通常首句是一个完整的句子，它提供的信息是把握全文主旨的关键，是理解全文大意的一扇窗户，所以理解首句信息显得很重要。
一般情况下，高考完形填空首句不设空少数情况下，即使设空，也是在句子末尾，不影响考生对句意的把握如：2．通读全文，理清各个角色 一般来说，记叙文有两个或两个以上的角色，作者对这些角色的态度是不一样的，即便是对做同样一件事的人，作者也不一定采用同样的态度来描述只有把握好每个人物的特点和内心世界，才能更好地定位文章的中心思想，更准确地选出答案3．理顺事件线索，找准发展方向记叙文一般按事件发展的顺序来叙述(有时用倒叙)，正确把握文章的发展顺序对把握文章的主脉有着重要的意义因此，在选择答案时要事先理清人物间的关系及各自所做的事情 4．揣摩作者意图，弄清蕴含哲理 记叙文一般通过一件平常事来说明一个人生哲理，或作者的感悟，因此把握好其中的道理，对理解细节有更为准确的作用注意不要把自己的观点放到文章中去，一切都以作者或主人公的态度和观点为线索展开5．把握时间线索，做出正确判断 有些记叙文叙述一件事，故事情节随着时间而不断推进我们可以抓住里面的时间线索，利用情节的变化来巧妙地做出判断例1、【2018·全国II】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Two weeks earlier. my son . Ben ,had got in touch , he’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d ___41___ seen him . So imagine my ___42___ when he emailed me saying he wanted to e to visit me.I was ___43___ ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to ___44___ . The bay was ___45___ in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little ___46___ .I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in ___47___ . “Something’s not ___48___ !” I took off my T-shirt and ___49___ into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was ___50___ violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors . I helped ___51___ the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something ___52___ to me. Those brown eyes were very ___53___ . “What’s his name ?” I asked the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I ___54___ . That stranger was my son!The instructors called for an ambulance.___55___ ,after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to ___56___ and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben ___57___ to me. “I just want to say thank you,” he said, “You ___58___ my life !”I still can’t believe what a ___59___ it was. I’m just so glad I was there ___60___ to help my son.41. A. alsoB. oftenC. evenD. last42. A. delightB. reliefC. angerD. worry43. A. scaredB. shockedC. thrilledD. ashamed44. A. talkB. stayC. meetD. settle45. A. bathedB. cleanC. deepD. formed46. A. fasterB. closerC. heavierD. wiser47. A. troubleB. advanceC. questionD. battle48. A. realB. rightC. fairD. fit49. A. staredB. sankC. divedD. fell50. A. arguingB. fightingC. shoutingD. shaking51. A. leadB. persuadeC. carryD. keep52. A. happenedB. occurredC. appliedD. appealed53. A. sharpB. pleasantC. attractiveD. familiar54.A. agreedB. hesitatedC. doubtedD. knew55. A. FortunatelyB. FranklyC. SadlyD. Suddenly56. A. returnB. relaxC. speakD. leave57. A. jokedB. returnedC. listenedD. pointed58. A. createdB. honoredC. savedD. guided59. A. coincidenceB. changeC. pityD. pain60. A. on boardB. in timeC. for sureD. on purpose【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。
讲述了作者13年后和儿子见面的情景在和儿子见面的地点，作者救了一个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己13年未见的儿子43. 考查形容词词义辨析根据第一段可知，作者13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子要来拜访自己的电子邮件，肯定是欣喜若狂A. scared惊恐的；B. shocked震惊的；C. thrilled欣喜若狂的；D. ashamed惭愧的故选C项切题44. 考查动词词义辨析根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见面A. talk谈话；B. stay停留； C. meet见面；D. settle解决故选C项切题45. 考查形容词词义辨析根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里A. bathed沐浴；B. clean清扫；C. deep深处；D. formed形成故选A项切题46. 考查形容词词义辨析根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外A. faster迅速的；B. closer靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier重的，沉重的；D. wiser有智慧的；聪明的故选B项切题47. 考查名词词义辨析根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之中。
A. trouble麻烦，困难；B. advance前进，进展；C. question问题，疑问；D. battle战斗，战役故选A项切题50. 考查动词词义辨析根据上文a man lying across the middle和下文He was unconscious可知，应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动A. arguing争论，辩论；B. fighting打架；C. shouting呼喊；D. shaking摇动故选D项切题51. 考查动词词义辨析我帮助把年轻人带出水面A. lead领导，引导，带领；B. persuade说服，劝服；C. carry搬运，装运；D. keep保持；保存，保留；故选C项切题52. 考查动词词义辨析根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情occur跟to短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen后接不定式，是"碰巧"的意思故选B项切题53. 考查形容词词义辨析根据下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来说是很熟悉的A. sharp锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；C. attractive有吸引力的；引人注目的；D. familiar亲密的，熟悉的。
故选D项切题54. 考查动词词义辨析根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我马上就知道A. agreed同意，赞成，承认，答应；B. hesitated犹豫，踌躇；C. doubted怀疑；疑惑；D. knew知道，了解故选D项切题55. 考查副词词义辨析根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地A. Fortunately幸运地，侥幸地；B. Frankly率直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly悲哀地，悲伤地；D. Suddenly突然地，忽然地；故选A项切题56. 考查动词词义辨析根据空前was well enough可知，应该是被允许出院A. return返回；报答；B. relax放松，休息；C. speak说；D. leave离开故选D项切题57. 考查动词词义辨析根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben转向我向我说谢谢A. joked开玩笑；B. turned转向；C. listened听；D. pointed指出故选B项切题58. 考查动词词义辨析根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，应该是挽救了我的生命。
A. created创造；创作；B. honored尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；C. saved救，拯救；D. guided指导，指挥；故选C项切题59. 考查名词词义辨析我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence巧合，巧事；B. change改变，变更，变换；C. pity怜悯，同情；D. pain疼痛；痛苦故选A项切题变式探究】【2018·全国III】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say ＂sorry, ___41___ number!＂ and move on. But when Dennis Williams ____42____ a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something ____43____.On March 19, Dennis got a group text ____44____ him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the ____45____ of a baby.＂Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,＂ Dennis ____46____. The baby was born and update texts were ____47____ quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her ____48____, she didn’t seem to realize that she was ____49____ the baby’s photos with a plete stranger. ＂Well, I don’t ____50____ you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,＂ replied Dennis before asking which room the new ____51____ were in. Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his ____52____! He turned up at the hospital ____53____ gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally ____54____ by the unexpected visit. ＂I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we ____55____ it and the gifts.＂Teresa ____56____ a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website ____57____ by the touching words: ＂What a ____58____ this young man was to our family! He was so ____59____ and kind to do this.＂ The post has since gained the ____60____ of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.41. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed43. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical 44. A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning 45. A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival46. A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated47. A. ing in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around48. A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort49. A. paring B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing50. A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother51. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors52. A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle53. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making54. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated55. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect 56. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted 57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. acpanied58. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem59. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair60. A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. C 56. D 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. B【解析】本文为记叙文。
文章主要讲述了Dennis Williams认真对待陌生人的信息，使陌生人倍受感动的故事42. 考查动词根据文章第一句When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person可以推知，他接到了A. received收到；B. translated翻译；C. copied复制；D. printed印刷43. B.考查形容词根据后文内容可知，他做了与众不同的事情，所以用special合适A. reasonable合理的；B. special特别的；C. necessary必要的；D. practical现实可行的44. C 考查动词根据后句a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the ____ of a baby.可知，这对陌生夫妇是在告诉他这个消息A. convincing让人信服的；B. reminding提醒；C. informing通知；D. warning警告45. D 考查名词根据下文The baby was born可知，他们在等候新生儿的到来。
A. wake-up醒来；B. recovery恢复；C. growth成长；D. arrival到来46. A 考查动词根据前句内容可知，这是Dennis的回复A. responded回复；B. interrupted打断；C. predicted预料；D. repeated重复 48. C. 考查名词根据本句In her 48 , she didn’t seem to realize that she was 49 the baby’s photos with a plete stranger.可知，这位妈妈太兴奋，没有意识到把照片分享给了陌生人A. opinion观点；B. anxiety焦虑；C. excitement兴奋；D. effort努力49. D. 考查动词根据后文I will get there to take pictures with the baby replied Dennis before asking which room the new 51 were in可知，Dennis 收到了Teresa发来的照片，所以是她跟陌生人分享了照片。
A. paring比较；B. exchanging交换；C. discussing讨论；D. sharing分享50. B 考查动词根据前文Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn’t know可知，Dennis不认识他们A. accept接受；B. know认识，了解；C. believe相信；D. bother打扰，麻烦51. 考查名词根据前文可以推知，这对夫妇为新父母A. parents父母；B. doctors医生；C. patients病人；D. visitors游客52. B 考查名词根据后文He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.可知，他坚守了自己对于新妈妈Lindsey和她的孩子礼物的承诺A. dream梦想；B. promise承诺；C. agenda会议议程；D. principle原则53. A 考查动词根据语境可知，他是拿着礼物来的A. bearing携带，拿；B. collecting收集；C. opening打开；D. making制造。
故选A54. C 考查形容词根据unexpected可知，她丈夫是十分惊讶A. discouraged沮丧；B. relaxed放松的；C. astonished吃惊的；D. defeated打败的55. C 考查动词根据语境以及后文往网上发帖可知，Teresa夫妇十分感激Dennis的到来以及带来的礼物A. admit承认；B. need需要；C. appreciate感激；D. expect期望56. D考查动词根据后文The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61, 500 likes in just three days.可知，她把照片贴到了网上A. found发现；B. selected选择；C. developed发展；D. posted发帖57. D考查动词根据语境可知，照片后面附着一段感人的文字A. confirmed确定；B. simplified简化；C. clarified分类；D. acpanied伴随着。
故选D58. B考查名词根据语境可推知，这位母亲认为这位年轻的陌生人来看望宝宝是上帝的祝福A. pity同情，怜悯；B. blessing祝福；C. relief放松，如释重负；D. problem问题变式探究】 (2017·全国Ⅰ卷)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.I myself went through this ____1. ____ process and found something that has changed my ____2. ____ at college for the better: I discovered ASL—American Sign Language(美式手语)．I never felt an urge to ____3. ____ any sign language before.My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends.The ____4. ___ languages were enough in all my interactions(交往)．Little did I know that I would discover my ____5. ___ for ASL.The ____6. _ began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club ____7. ___ their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very ____8. ____ of municating without speaking ____9. ____ me.What I saw was pletely unlike anything I had experienced in the ____10.____.This newness just left me ____11.____ more.After that, feeling the need to ____12.____ further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club's meetings.I only learned how to ____13.____ the alphabet that day.Yet instead of being discouraged by my ____14.____ progress, I was excited.I then made it a point to ____15.____ those meetings and learn all I could.The following term, I ____16.____ an ASL class.The professor was deaf and any talking was ____17.____.I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.____18.____， if there had been any talking, it would have ____19.___ us to learn less.Now, I appreciate the silence and the ____20.____ way of munication it opens.1.A．searching B．planningC．natural D．formal答案：A 解析：根据上文中“While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life”的关键词“explore”及下文的内容可知，此处指作者在大学通过学习美式手语经历了探索(searching)的过程。
planning“计划制订”；natural“自然的”；formal“正式的”2.A．progress B．experience C．major D．opinion答案：B解析：根据下文的内容可知，作者发现了把自己的大学经历(experience)变得更美好的东西progress“进步”；major“专业”；opinion“意见，想法，看法”3.A．choose B．read C．learn D．create答案：C解析：以前，作者从没感觉到(自己)有学习(learn)任何手语的强烈欲望choose“选择”；create“创造”4.A．official B．foreign C．body D．spoken5.A．love B．concern C．goal D．request答案：A解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者不知道自己会喜爱(love)美式手语concern“关心，担心，忧虑”；goal“目标”；request“要求”6.A．meeting B．trip C．story D．task答案：C解析：这个故事(story)始于作者上大学的第一周meeting“会议”；trip“旅行”；task“任务”。
7．A．recorded B．performed C．recited D．discussed答案：B解析：根据句中的关键词“watched”可知，此处指作者看到美式手语社团的成员表演(performed)record“记录，录音”；recite“背诵”；discuss“讨论”8.A．idea B．amount C．dream D．reason答案：A解析：手部动作和无需用语言交流的想法(idea)吸引了作者amount“数额，数量”；dream“梦想”；reason“原因，理由”9.A．disturbed B．supportedC．embarrassed D．attracted答案：D解析：参见上题解析attract“吸引，引起……的注意”，符合语境disturb“打扰，打搅”；support“支持”；embarrass“使……尴尬，使……难堪”10. A．end B．past C．course D．distance答案：B解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者看到的完全不像自己过去(past)所经历过的任何事情end“结尾”；course“过程，课程”；distance“距离”11. A．showing B．acting C．saying D．wanting答案：D解析：这种新事物使作者想要(接触)更多。
show“展示”；act“表演，扮演”；want“想要”12.A．exercise B．explore C．express D．explain13.A．print B．write C．sign D．count答案：C解析：根据语境可知，作者那天只是学会了如何用手语来表示全部字母print“打印，印刷”；write“写”；sign“打手语”；count“数数”14.A．slow B．steady C．normal D．obvious答案：A解析：根据上文的“I only learned how to the alphabet that day”可知，作者并没有对自己缓慢的(slow)进步感到沮丧 steady“稳步的”；normal“正常的”；obvious“明显的”15.A．chair B．sponsor C．attend D．organize答案：C解析：根据语境，尤其是上文的“made it a point to”和下文的“and learn all I could”可知，作者努力做到参加(attend)这些会议chair“主持(会议、讨论等)”；sponsor“赞助，举办”；organize“组织”。
16.A．missed B．passedC．gave up D．registered for答案：D解析：根据下文的内容可知，作者注册参加了一个美式手语课程miss“想念，错过”；pass“通过”；give up“放弃”；register for“注册，选课”17.A．prohibited B．weled C．ignored D．repeated18. A．Lastly B．Thus C．Instead D．However答案：C解析：根据上下文的语境可知，作者很快意识到无声并非不愉快的，反而(Instead)，如果有任何谈话的话，会导致(caused)作者他们学习得更少Lastly“最后，终于”；Thus“因此”；However“然而”19.A．required B．caused C．allowed D．expected答案：B解析：参见上题解析require“要求”；allow“允许”；expect“期望”20.A．easy B．popular C．quick D．new答案：D解析：根据语境可知，作者现在非常喜欢这种无声以及它打开的新的(new)沟通方式。
easy“容易的”；popular“受欢迎的”；quick“快速的”变式探究】 (2017·全国Ⅱ卷)In 1973, I was teaching elementary school.Each day, 27 kids ____1.____“The Thinking Laboratory.” That was the ____2.____ students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too ____3.____.Freddy was an average ____4.____， but not an average person.He had the rare balance of fun and passion(同情)．He would ____5.____ the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's ____6.___.Before the school year ____7.____， I gave the kids a special ____8.____， T－shirts with the words “Verbs Are Your ____9.____” on them.I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词)may seem dull, most of the ____10.____ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.Through the years, I'd run into former students who would provide ____11.____ on old classmates.I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his ____12.___ from high school and remained the same ____13.____ person I met forty years before .Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man ____14.____ in his truck.Another time, he ____15.____ a friend money to buy a house.Just last year, I was ____16.____a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door.A woman ____17.____ the interruption and handed me an envelope.I stopped teaching and ____18.____ it up.Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a ____19.____ from Freddy's mother.“Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving.He wanted you to have this.”I told the story to the class.As sad as it was, I couldn't help smiling.Although Freddy was taken from us, we all ____20.____ something from Freddy.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。
作者讲述了自己的学生Freddy的性格特征，以及多年后他的生活和工作状况，并说明了作者自己从他身上学到了一些东西1. A．built B．enteredC．decorated D．ran答案：B解析：考查动词在1973年，作者正在教小 站上发布免费提供机票的消息offer“提供，给予”10.A．same B．right C．new D．real答案：B解析：根据语境可知，此处指符合条件的对的(right)护照11.A．interesting B．annoyingC．satisfying D．convincing答案：A解析：根据语境可知，更有趣的是，几百个感兴趣的人把他们的名字改成Elizabeth Gallagher12.A．writing B．giving C．lending D．changing答案：D解析：参见上题解析change...to...表示“把……改成……”13. A．touch B．question C．date D．control答案：D解析：根据下文提到的有成千上万的邮件可知，此处指已经完全失控了out of control“失控”14.A．admiring B．advertising C．sharing D．doubting答案：C解析：根据语境可知，世界各地的人发邮件来与他分享他们的旅游故事。
15. A．leaving B．looking forC．losing D．dealing with 答案：B解析：根据语境可知，他赠送机票并不期望得到什么回报look for“寻求，期待”16. A．single B．strange C．regular D．extra17. A．return B．take C．reserve D．hide答案：B解析：免费使用此机票的女士可以选择与他一起旅游，也可以拿走机票自己旅行18. A．interview B．program C．trip D．meeting答案：C解析：此旅行是从纽约市到多伦多trip“旅游，旅行”19. A．ending B．callingC．repeating D．staying答案：A解析：此处介绍机票行程，12月21日从纽约市出发，2月8日必须返回多伦多，因此是结束于多伦多end“结束”20. A．honored B．lovelyC．intelligent D．lucky【变式探究】(2017·北京) Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada.One day, when she was five years old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg.They saw a man ____1.____ out of a garbage can.She asked her mother why he did that, and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry.Hannah was very ____2.___.She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food.Hannah started to think about how she could ____3.___， but, of course, there is not a lot one five－year－old can do to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness.Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person.It was a woman, ____4.____ an old shopping trolley(购物车)which was piled with ____5.____.It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them.This made Hannah very sad, and even more ____6.____ to do something.She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people ____7.____ they first saw the homeless man.Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn't ____8.____ as bad.Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces.She hoped to ____9.____ her message of hope and awareness.She started the Ladybug Foundation, an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness.She began to ____10.____“Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to ____11.____ to the cause.She also organized a fundraising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone's spare change during “Make Change” month.More recently, the foundation began another ____12.____ called National Red Scarf Day—a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada's ____13.____ and homeless.There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannah's Place”， something that Hannah is very ____14.____ of.Hannah's Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that ____15.____ outdoors can mean death.In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of ____16.____.For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the ____17.____ of young people to change the world.But ____18.____ all this, Hannah still has the ____19.____ life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays re。