初二英语语法总结 反义疑问句(The Disjunctive Question)又叫附加疑问句它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致 1. 陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式 2. 陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式 They work hare, don’t they? She was ill yesterday, wasn’t she? You didn’t go, did you? He can’t ride a bike, can he? 请注意以下句型的反义疑问句的用法: 1. 当陈述部分的主语是I , everyone, everything, nobody 时,后面的疑问句应表示为: I am a student, aren’t I Everyone is in the classroom, aren’t they? Everything begins to grow in spring, doesn’t it? Nobody will go, will they? 2. 当陈述部分有never,seldom, hardly,few,little,barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定词时,后面的疑问句则表示为: There are few apples in the basket, are there? He can hardly swim, can he? They seldom come late, do they? 3. 当陈述部分是I think 加从句时,疑问句应和从句的人称时态保持一致。
I think chickens can swim, can’t they? I think Lucy is a good girl, isn’t she? I didn't think he was happy, was he? 4. 陈述部分有had better 时,疑问句应用hadn’t开头: you’d better get up early, hadn’t you? 5. 当陈述部分是祈使句时,疑问句要根据语气来表达: Let’s go out for a walk, shall we? Let us go our for a walk, will you? Turn on the radio, will you? 6. 反义疑问句的回答用yes, no, 但是,当陈述部分是否定形式时,回答要按事实如: They don’t work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作,是吗? Yes, they do. 不, 他们工作努力/No, they don’t. 对, 他们工作不努力 一、反意疑问句的一般情况 1.当陈述部分的主语是:等everyone, everybody, someone, no one, nobody, somebody合成代词时,附加疑问句的主语非正式文体中往往they用。
也可以按语法一致原则用单数 2.当陈述部分以one不定代词做主语时,冈蹲闶句的主语在正式常场用one,非正式场合用he 3.当陈述部分的主语是不定式、动名词、从句、this或that,附加疑问句的主语用it是those, these则用they) 4.当陈述部分的主语是表示物的不定代词everything, anything, nothing等,附加问句的主语用 it 5.陈述部分带有否定词或半否定词,例如:never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, no, none, no one, rarely, nowhere, nothing, nobody, few, little等,附加疑问句的动词要用肯定形式 6.如果陈述部分中的否定词仅带有否定的前缀或后缀,那么该陈述句应作肯定句处理,附加疑问句应用否定形式 二、常见句型的反意疑问句 7.当陈述部分是there be 存在句型时,附加疑问句的主语也用there 8.感叹句的附加疑问句,其谓语要求用否定句 9.祈使句后面的附加疑问句问题 A) 祈使句是否定形式,附加疑问句只能用will you B) 祈使句是肯定形式,附加疑问句用肯定、否定均可。
C) Let开头的祈使句要注意: 1.Let’s 在意义上包含谈话的对方在内,表示提出建议或征求对方意见,其反意疑问句往往用shall we 2. Let us 在意义上一般不包含谈话的对方在内,表示请求对方答应做某事的含义,let 有allow的意思附加疑问部分用will you 3. Let me 开头表示请求,附加疑问句用will you,或用may I 三、复合句的反意疑问句 10.当陈述部分是一个(带that引导宾语从句的)主从复合句时,附加疑问句的主谓要和主句的主谓保持对应关系但是,当陈述部分的主语是:I suppose, I think, I believe, I imagine, I expect等结构时,附加疑问句的主语和谓语要和从句的主语,谓语保持一致关系而且要注意到否定的转移问题 11.当陈述部分是I’m sure that,;we are sure;I’m afraid that;We are sure that;I feel sure that 等后面跟宾语从句时,反意疑问句与后面的宾语从句一致 12.当陈述部分是并列句时,附加疑问句的主谓语要和离它最近的句子的主谓保持对应关系。
四、关于情态动词的反意疑问句 13.陈述部分中有have一词,且表示“所有”含义时,附加疑问句部分既可用have也可用do 14.陈述部分中有have to,附加疑问句部分用do 15.含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语 He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he? 16.陈述部分有used to,附加疑问句部分可用used 也可以用did 17.陈述部分有needn’t时,附加疑问句部分用need但有时也可用must 18. 陈述部分有must,且表示“必须”时,附加疑问句部分用mustn’t,如果表示“必要”则用needn’t 19.陈述部分中是mustn’t表示“禁止”时,附加疑问句部分用must 陈述部分中的must表示“一定”、“想必”等推测意义时,附加疑问句部分而是根据陈述部分的谓语动词或其助动词来定 20.陈述部分是I wish, 表示询问或征求意见,附加疑问部分用may I 21.弄清陈述句中的’d rather = would rather;’d better = had better附加疑问句部分前者用would,后者用had。
其它特殊结构的反意疑问句 22.陈述部分的主语是each of...结构时,附加疑问句在强调整体时用they,当作个别时用he 23.陈述部分有neither...nor...(either...or...)做并列主语,附加疑问部分根据实在际逻辑意义而定 Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 24.陈述部分是:I’m ....结构,附加疑问句一般用aren’t I? 25. 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you? You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 26. 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he? 27. 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语 You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you? 28. 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you? 当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语 She doesn't dare to go home alone, does sh 卢,小圆 回答采纳率:34.0% 2009-12-12 17:14 这里面有些语法点: http://www.kaoshi.ws/html/2005/0430/.html 初二语法复习 1. so+谓语+主语:…也一样. 谓语:be动词/助动词/情态动词 2. so+主语+谓语:的确如此,真的这样. 3. help yourself/yurselves to...请随便吃点... 4. 发现sb做sth : find sb doing sth 5. 不完全同意I don’t really agree. 完全不同意I really don’t agree. 6. 或者..或者...either…or…..就近原则 既不..也不..neither…nor….就近原则 既....又...both…and….谓语用复数 7. 看起来,似乎It seems/seemed that….. 8. 由于...而闻名be famous for…. 更详细的语法可以看这里:) 雨霖铃 回答采纳率:19.8% 2009-12-12 17:23 基本句型一: S V (主+谓) 基本句型二: S V P (主+谓+表) 基本句型三: S V O (主+谓+宾) 基本句型四: S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 基本句型五; S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补) 八大时态 一、 一般现在时: 1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, 3.基本结构:动词 原形 (如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要加(e)S) 4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词 5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词 6.例句:. It seldom snows here. He is always ready to help others. Action speaks louder than words. 二、 一般过往时: 1.概念:过往某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过往习惯性、经常性的动作、行为 2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本结构:be动词;行为动词 4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过往式did 提问,同时还原行为动词 6.例句:She often came to help us in those days. I didn't know you were so busy. 三、 现在进行时: 1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为 2.时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc. 3.基本结构:am/is/are+doing 4.否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing. 5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首 6.例句: How are you feeling today? He is doing well in his lessons. 四、 过去进行时: 1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作 2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等 3.基本结构:was/were+doing 4.否定形式:was/were + not + doing. 5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。
6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit. When he came in, I was reading a news***. 五、 现在完成时: 1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态 2.时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc. 3.基本结构:have/has + done 4.否定形式:have/has + not +d one. 5.一般疑问句:have或has 6.例句:I've written an article. It has been raining these days. [推荐]初二英语上知识梳理 六、 过去完成时: 1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去” 2.时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc. 3.基本结构:had + done. 4.否定形式:had + not + done. 5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。
6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left. By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books 七、 一般将来时: 1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事 2.时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc. 3.基本结构:am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do. 4.否定形式:was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词 5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首 6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain. 八、 过去将来时: 1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc. 3.基本结构:was/were/going to + do;would/should + do. 4.否定形式:was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do. 5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首 6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the。