1.Id like to help homeless people.2.She decided to try out for a volunteer.3.You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.4.Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.5.She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read.6.Im taking some signs to put up around the school.could 是情态动词是情态动词can的过去式，但常用来表示委婉的过去式，但常用来表示委婉的语气，此时与过去式无关，语气比的语气，此时与过去式无关，语气比can 更委婉可更委婉可以用来表示建议或劝告，意为以用来表示建议或劝告，意为“可以；不妨可以；不妨”could for suggestions-I need to get some money to pay for summer camp.What should I do?-I think maybe you could get a part-time job.-Could you let me have your passport?-Yes,here it is.The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up.The boy could give out food at the food bank.The girl could volunteer in an after-school study program to teach kids.The boy could help to clean up the city parks.知识链接知识链接 could表示表示“能力能力”或或“可能性可能性”，作为，作为can的过去形的过去形式。
式如：如：Could you speak English then?那时你能讲英语吗？那时你能讲英语吗？短语动词短语动词 Phrasal verbs 短语动词是指英语中有些动词和其他词类一起连用，短语动词是指英语中有些动词和其他词类一起连用，构成一个固定词组，可看成一个整体，相当于一个单独构成一个固定词组，可看成一个整体，相当于一个单独的动词，这种组合称之为短语动词的动词，这种组合称之为短语动词动词动词+介词介词此类短语动词可以用作及物动词此类短语动词可以用作及物动词,后面必须接宾语后面必须接宾语Look at the blackboard,please!请看黑板！请看黑板！此类短语动词还有此类短语动词还有listen to,depend on/upon,look for,deal with,look after,take after,wait for等短语动词的构成基本有下列几种短语动词的构成基本有下列几种:动词动词+副词副词 此类短语动词既可以用作及物动词，也可以用作不及此类短语动词既可以用作及物动词，也可以用作不及物动词I get up very early every morning.我每天早晨都很早起床。
我每天早晨都很早起床Can you work out this problem?你能做出这道题吗？你能做出这道题吗？注意注意:当此类短语动词用作及物动词时，如果宾语是名词，可以当此类短语动词用作及物动词时，如果宾语是名词，可以将其放在短语的后面，也可以放在动词和副词之间；如果宾语将其放在短语的后面，也可以放在动词和副词之间；如果宾语是代词，则必须将其放在动词和副词之间是代词，则必须将其放在动词和副词之间He put on his clothes quickly.=He put his clothes on quickly.他快速地穿上了衣服他快速地穿上了衣服Please wake me up at five tomorrow morning.请明天早晨五点钟叫醒我请明天早晨五点钟叫醒我此类短语动词还有：此类短语动词还有：clean up,cheer up,give out,eat up,fix up,give up,give away,hand out,help out,put off,put up,take off等动词动词+副词副词+介词介词 此类短语动词可以用作及物动词此类短语动词可以用作及物动词。
Were running out of water.我们的水快用光了我们的水快用光了此类短语动词还有此类短语动词还有come up with,do well in,look forward to,look down upon,look out of,put up with等动词动词+名词名词+介词介词 此类短语动词的意义取决于名词，而不是动词，修饰时不此类短语动词的意义取决于名词，而不是动词，修饰时不用副词而用形容词用副词而用形容词We should take good care of our parents.我们应该好好照顾我们的父母我们应该好好照顾我们的父母此类短语动词还有此类短语动词还有make use of,take pride in,make friends with,pay attention to等4a4aFill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box.1.I want to _ my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.Im too busy with my studies this year.2.She hopes to _ at least five primary schools to ask if they need to volunteers for their after-school programs.put uphand outcall upcheer upcome up withgive output offput offcall upput uphand outcall upcheer upcome up withgive output off3.Our class is trying to _ some ideas to _ sick children because they are often sad.4.We decided to _ signs around the school and _ notices to tell students about the book sale.We will _ the money from the sale to homeless e up withcheep upput uphand outgive out put up 张贴；搭建张贴；搭建He put up some signs asking for old bikes.他张贴了一些寻求旧自行车的告示。
他张贴了一些寻求旧自行车的告示They quickly put up a tent.他们迅速地搭建了一个帐篷他们迅速地搭建了一个帐篷put off 推迟；拖延推迟；拖延We cant put off making a plan.我们不能推迟制订计划我们不能推迟制订计划1)put off“推迟；拖延推迟；拖延”，是由，是由“动词动词+副词副词”构成的短构成的短语动词，其后可接名词、代词或动词语动词，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语2)当代词作宾语时，要放在动词和副词中间类似的短语当代词作宾语时，要放在动词和副词中间类似的短语动词还有：动词还有：put up,fix up,call up,cheer up,write down,give out,hand out等根据句意及括号内的汉语提示，用短语的正确形式填空根据句意及括号内的汉语提示，用短语的正确形式填空1.Cant you _ _(想出想出)a better excuse than that?2.Your desks are too dirty.You should _ _ _ (打扫它们打扫它们)at once.3.The school has _ _(开办开办)a special class to help poor readers.think up cleanthem up set up 4.We should try our best to _ _ _ (使她开心起来使她开心起来).5.Who can _ _ _(想出想出)a good idea for our party?6.The teacher _ _(挂起挂起)a Chinese map on the wall of the classroom yesterday.7.There are some people _ _(分发分发)papers at the shopping center every day.cheer her upcome up with put up giving/handing outhang out write down hand out take after fix up work out ask for run out of take away from根据句意，从方框中选择正确的短语，并用其正确形式填空。
根据句意，从方框中选择正确的短语，并用其正确形式填空1.Dont worry.I will help you _ your computer.2.The problem is too difficult for me to _.3.Who is helping the teacher _ the students homework?4.I have two children.My son looks like me and my daughter _ her mother.fix upwork outhand outtakes after5.Please wait a minute!Ill get a pen to _ your telephone number.6.If you have any problems,you can _ help.7.These books mustnt _ the library.8.I like _ with my friends after school.9.Have you _ all of your money?write downask forbe taken away from hanging out/to hang out run out of hang out write down hand out take after fix up work out ask for run out of take away from 当我们要表示当我们要表示“想做某事、需要做某事或决定做某事想做某事、需要做某事或决定做某事”时，时，就会出现就会出现两个动词连用的情况两个动词连用的情况，这时应如何表达呢？，这时应如何表达呢？同学们自然会想到同学们自然会想到 want to do sth.,need to do sth.和和 decide to do sth.等表达方式。
等表达方式主要行为动词后面的动词采用主要行为动词后面的动词采用“to+动词原形动词原形”的结构，的结构，我们把这种结构称为我们把这种结构称为动词不定式动词不定式（有时可以不带（有时可以不带to）动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语下面我们一起来看一下动词不定式有哪些下面我们一起来看一下动词不定式有哪些语法功能语法功能1.什么是动词不定式？什么是动词不定式？1.不定式作宾语不定式作宾语 1)动词不定式作动词的宾语动词不定式作动词的宾语学习不定式作宾语时，要注意掌握后接不定式作宾语的学习不定式作宾语时，要注意掌握后接不定式作宾语的动词常见动词有常见动词有:want,hope,wish,like,begin,try,agree,help 等Many people decide not to think about it.许多人决定不去想这件事许多人决定不去想这件事I want to go to the library.我想去图书馆我想去图书馆2.动词不定式的主要语法功能：动词不定式的主要语法功能：动词动词+to do sth.的固定搭配：的固定搭配：want to do sth.decide to do sth.hope to do sth.plan to do sth.offer to do sth.agree to do sth.learn to do sth.ask sb.to do sth.tell sb.to do sth.want sb.to do sth.invite sb.to do sth.1.Hell use what he has _ her a new dress.A.bought B.to buy C.buying D.been bought 2.Mother asks me _ computer games before finishing my homework.A.not play B.to play C.not to play D.to not playBC 2)动词不定式作形容词的宾语。
动词不定式作形容词的宾语这类形容词有这类形容词有:able,afraid,angry,careful,easy等I am very happy to meet you.我见到你很高兴我见到你很高兴She is afraid to walk at night.她害怕走夜路她害怕走夜路It is easy to understand the cartoon.看懂这部卡通片很容易看懂这部卡通片很容易3)动词不定式作介词动词不定式作介词but和和except的宾语介词之前有行为动词介词之前有行为动词do或它的其它形式时，不定式符号或它的其它形式时，不定式符号to通常被省略通常被省略He had no choice but to sit there as usual.他没有什么选择，只好像往常一样坐在那儿他没有什么选择，只好像往常一样坐在那儿I have no other wish except to pass the examination.我除了要通过考试之外，没有别的心愿我除了要通过考试之外，没有别的心愿He cant do anything but wait for me there.他什么也不能做，只好在那等我。
他什么也不能做，只好在那等我)1.He wants _ some vegetables.A.buy B.buying C.to buy D.buys()2.Dont forget _ your homework with you when you come to school.A.to bring B.bringing C.to take D.taking()3.He found it very difficult _.A.sleeping B.sleeps C.slept D.to fall asleep CAD2.动词不定式做宾语补足语动词不定式做宾语补足语 不定式做宾语补足语是对宾语的补充说明不定式做宾语补足语是对宾语的补充说明1）带）带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要有：要求、的动词主要有：要求、允许、提议允许、提议(ask,allow,advise)，期望、邀请、鼓励，期望、邀请、鼓励(expect,invite,encourage)，教导、告诉、想要，教导、告诉、想要(teach,tell,want)，等待、希望、愿意等待、希望、愿意(wait for,wish,would like/love)。
如：如：Id invite her to have dinner at my house.We should allow the children to choose their own clothes.2）不带）不带to的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补 在主动句里，动词不定式在在主动句里，动词不定式在使役动词使役动词(make,let,have)或或感官动词感官动词(feel,listen to,hear,look at,see,watch,notice)之后作宾补时，不定式需省去之后作宾补时，不定式需省去to包括四四“看看”：look at,observe,see,watch；三三“让让”：have,let,make；二二“听听”：hear,listen to；一一“感觉感觉”：feel；一一“注意注意”：notice如：I felt someone open my door.我感觉有人开了我的门我感觉有人开了我的门Please listen to me sing the song again.请听我把这首歌再唱一遍请听我把这首歌再唱一遍You cant let the boy stand in the sun.你不能让那孩子站在太阳底下。
你不能让那孩子站在太阳底下You must watch me carefully do everything.你必须仔细观察我所做的一切你必须仔细观察我所做的一切注意：注意：感官动词后既可跟省略感官动词后既可跟省略to的不定式作宾补，也可跟现的不定式作宾补，也可跟现在分词作宾补其区别是：前者强调动作的全过程或经在分词作宾补其区别是：前者强调动作的全过程或经常性；后者则强调动作在进行常性；后者则强调动作在进行(片断片断)试比较：试比较：I heard her sing.我听见她唱了歌我听见她唱了歌I heard her singing.我听见她正在唱歌我听见她正在唱歌3）带）带to或不带或不带to的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补 动词动词help后接动词不定式作补语，后接动词不定式作补语，to可带可不带可带可不带They can help you to learn English.Using email English helps you write quickly.4）不定式做宾语补足语时，如果要表达否定的意思，）不定式做宾语补足语时，如果要表达否定的意思，要要在在to do前加前加not，构成，构成not to do的形式。
的形式Tom told me not to touch anything.Mother asked us not to make too much noise.3.不定式作状语不定式作状语 不定式常常作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等不定式常常作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等不定式作状语时，要注意不定式作状语时，要注意不定式的逻辑主语应与句子的主不定式的逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致语保持一致I came to Beijing to see my grandpa.我来北京看望我爷爷我来北京看望我爷爷Im glad to meet you！很高兴见到你！很高兴见到你！Im too tired to walk.我太累了，走不动了我太累了，走不动了1）目的状语）目的状语 如果想要表达如果想要表达“做某事是为了什么做某事是为了什么”，可以用动词不定式，可以用动词不定式表示目的，作目的状语不定式做目的状语时，可以放在句表示目的，作目的状语不定式做目的状语时，可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾置于句首时常表示强调如：首，也可以放在句尾置于句首时常表示强调如：In order to catch the early bus,she got up very early.A group of young people got together to discuss this question.She came to this city to visit her daughter.2）原因状语）原因状语 多见于多见于“sb.+be+adj.+to do.”结构句中。
如：结构句中如：I feel very lucky to have him.He ran out of money to buy old bikes.3）结果状语）结果状语 多见于多见于“too.To”“”“enough to.”结构句中结构句中Im too tired to do it well.The room is big enough for three people to live in.4b4bFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.help move do make visit spendMost people today are only worried about getting good jobs _ lots of money.In their free time,they think about what _ for fun.However,few people think about what they can do _ others.to maketo doto helpThere are many people who are less lucky than us.Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way _ our free time.For example,we can make plans _ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people.Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months or a year _ to another place,like one of the countries in Africa,and help people there.to spendto visitto move1.Id like to volunteer _.2.At 12:00 a.m.,I called my friend _.3.Im very busy but I could help _.to paint the house for a few hours tomorrow to ask him an important question at the food bank and help to give out food to the homeless people4c4cComplete the sentences with your own ideas.Use infinitives.4.Summer vacation is coming,and I want _.5.I want to travel alone.My parents told me _.to visit my grandparents in Hunan not to do that because I am too young and it is not safe()Our English teacher wants us _ English stories out of class(2017四川成都四川成都)A.read B.reading C.to read()The lights is on.When you leave,please _.(2017齐齐哈尔齐齐哈尔)OK，I wont forget _it.A.turn it off;to do B.turn off it;doing C.turn on it;to do CA()Tom has decided _ a part-time job after he graduates from school.(2016四川攀枝花四川攀枝花)A.do B.to do C.did D.doingB()The Chinese team are working hard _ honors in the 2016 Olympic Games.(2016湖南株洲湖南株洲)A.to win B.win C.winningA()My parents didnt allow me _ to the party.（2015天津）天津）A.go B.to go C.Goes D.wentB()Mr.Smith told his son _ the football match because of the exam.（2015呼和浩特）呼和浩特）A.not to watch B.to not watch C.not watching D.doesnt watchA()(成都中考成都中考)Our English teacher wants us _ English stories out of class.Aread BreadingCto read()(河南中考河南中考)The boss asked Tim to go and _ out if there was anyone else absent.Afind Bfinding Cto find DfoundCA()She came here _ her grandparents.Avisit Bto visit Cvisiting DVisited()Xiongan New Area will help _ big problems in Beijing，such as traffic jams.Aset out Bcheck out Cwork out Dgive outBC一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1Dont forget _(lock)the door when you leave.2Would you like _(go)and have a picnic with us tomorrow?3I often hear the girl _(play)the piano in the next room.4Can we _(put)off the meeting till next Monday morning?5Would you please _(give)out the exam papers?to lockto goplayputgive三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺使短文完整、通顺Yesterday my sister and I went 1._(buy)something for her birthday.She didnt really know what 2._(get)but she seemed 3._(like)the idea of a pet，so we went to the nearest pet shop.She started 4._(look)around at all the animals.The man in the shop advised her 5._(choose)the rabbits,but when she saw some puppies 6._(play)in the box,she said she would like 7._(have)one of them.to buyto getto liketo look/lookingto chooseplayingto haveI didnt know if we had enough money 8._(buy)one and I hoped my mother would want us 9._(have)a dog in the house,but my sister promised 10._(look)after it well and we had enough money,so we bought a little brown dog.to buyto haveto look。