罗田一中2013届二轮复习词汇专项选修九、十新增考纲词汇 编辑：刘献忠approximately adv.大约，近似地 approximate adj.近似的，大约的The plane will be taking off in approximately five minutes.,The approximate cost will be about $600.bid v. (拍卖中)喊(价),出(价);索(价)[(+for)] n.出价,努力争取A foreign collector has bid $500000 for the portrait. I made a bid of $ 150 for the painting.crew n. (飞机,轮船等上的的)工作人员，（工作）队against one’s will 违心的 Why you told me that you liked me against your will?at length 最后，详细地At length we arrived at our destination Gary spoke at length about the bridge.bent adj. 弯曲的 bend v. 俯身，使…弯曲My glasses are bent because I left them on my bed and then sat on thembeyond question 无可争辩的，毫无疑问的 Cordelia’s devotion to Your Majesty is beyond questionout of question 没有问题 out of the question 有问题block out 封闭As I think of this, a black blanket drops and covers me, almost blocking out the memories of happier times.burden n, 担子，负担 v, 负担 I dont want to burden you with my problemcommit vt. 犯罪，做（不合法或错的事）His landlord accused him of committing a crime.acquisition n. 获得，习得brotherhood n. 兄弟关系，手足情谊citizenship n. 公民身份，公民的职责和权力courageous adj. 勇敢的，有胆量的contradiction n. 反驳，矛盾dilemma n.进退两难的局面 Those of us on board the “Bounty ” were caught in a dilemma .delicate adj.精巧的；微妙的；脆弱的decline n. vt.&vi. 衰退，衰落；婉拒；谢绝 She declined her invitation .Disco music and rock music were both in decline in the mid-1970s.delay n. vt.& vi. 延误，耽搁Many passengers got off the plane which had been delayed for 24 hours.departure n. 出发；离开The airline has more than 180 scheduled departures from here everyday .On our departure from Tahiti , some of the crew took over the ship .deposit vt. 放；（把钱）存入银行，储存 He deposited 5000 dollars in the bank .They deposited the captain into a small boat to let him find his own way home .dominate vt.&vi. 控制，统治 No single factor appears to dominate .Women are no longer dominated by the men in their relationships.dynamic adj. 充满活力的，强有力的 We had a dynamic English teacher . It was…and his dynamic spirit that led to his most famous invention ---the telephone in 1876.dull adj. 乏味的；不鲜明的，阴暗的，晦暗的；迟钝的This picture is too dark , too dull and basically uninteresting .efficient adj. 效率高的；有效的 …the most efficient way of learning .It seemed that the capsule was far from being efficient and reliable .emperor n. 皇帝，帝王 The emperor came to pray for a good harvest for the country .evolution n. 进化；发展；演变 All of these processes are a form of natural evolution .Let’s look at the picture of the formation of the earth and the evolution of life on earth .expense n. 花费；开支，费用；代价He has bought a specifically big TV at vast expense so that everyone can see properly ...faith n. 信仰 Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people .This is consistent with many religious faiths ,which stress rational thought …fashion n. 流行；时尚；时装，样式 But in the 1990s the shawls came into fashion among rich people .My uncle was poor but liked fashion , so he would often dress up as a rich man .fault n. 过错，过失；缺点，故障The driver ,informed that the accident was his fault ,stopped driving soon afterwards.feature n. 特征，特点；容貌，特写 vt. 以…为特色；特写What other special features does he have ?fit into vi . 适合 …and how the product would fit into their lives.fond adj. 慈爱的，喜爱的 I am fond of my sister but she has one serious shortcoming.forecast vt.&n. 预报 The weather forecast is not always accurate either .framework n. 框架，结构 Here is a framework for your reference .frequent adj. 时常发生的，惯常的 Rains are frequent in this city in early summer .fundamental adj. 基本的，基础的，根本的；首要的garment n.(一件)衣服 She was wearing traditional garments, with short sleeves and a colorful necklace.gradual adj逐渐的，逐步的 gradually adv.gymnastics n.体操，体育 gymnastically adv体能训练地have no use for 不需要，厌恶，对什么不耐烦heritage n.文化遗产，继承物, eg. cultural heritagehook n钩子挂钩 v 勾住，挂住 Hang your coat on a hook. My shirt got hooked on a nail.host /hostess n主人/女主人，男/女主持人 v主办，主持节目Which country is going to host the next Olympic Games?Inform v.通知，告诉 inform sb of sth通知某人某事，keep sb informed of sthI informed my boss that I was going to resign.We will inform you of any changes to the programmes.generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的，不吝惜地；秉性宽厚的；大量的，丰富的She is very generous in giving her time to others.get (a)round 顺利应付，克服，各处旅行（走动）A clever lawyer might find a way of getting round that clause. give away 赠送，捐赠；颁发，分发；泄露，暴露But she gives herself away with every sentence she speaks.give off 发出/放出（光、热、气体等） The flowers gave off a fragrant perfume.give way to 让路，让步grasp vt. 抓住，抓紧；掌握，理解，领会 They failed to grasp the importance of his words.greed n. 贪欲，贪婪 greedy adj. 贪心的，渴望权力的His actions were motivated by greed.The snake was so greedy that it swallowed up the rat in one bite.hand over 移交（权利、责任）I have decided to retire and hand over the heavy load of responsibility to you three.hear … out 听完 But Sir, please hear me out.heroine n. 女英雄，女主人公 They think highly for the heroines of the revolution.in detail详细地 This issue will be discussed in more detail in the next chapter.in force已生效，在实施中 The new regulations are now in force.in vain 徒然，徒劳 They tried in vain to persuade her to go.initial adj. 最初的，原始的 Our initial impression was favourable.innocent adj. 清白的，无罪的，天真的 He firmly believes that she is innocent of the crime.She has such an innocent face that I find it hard to believe anything bad of her.lane n. 车道；行车线 The message it is sending is: “Buy our shoes and you’ll live an exciting life in the ‘fast lane’.” laughter n. 笑；笑声 lawyer n. 律师 The human rights lawyer spent his career exposing injustice in society.lower vt.& vi. 降低；跌落；减弱 After three months at sea, we finally arrived and lowered the anchor in the harbour of our destination. liberty n. 自由 We may only have struck one small blow for liberty but who knows where it’ll lead?lord n. 封建领主；地主；统治者；（宗）上帝Lions and elephants are lords of the jungle.march n. :示威游行，eg, a peace march , give sb their marching orders 命令某人离开minimum n. 最小数 ，最小量，最低限度 。
a 最小的， 最少的， 最低限度的The forms I like best conveyed their meaning by using the bare minimum of words . The minimum requirements for zhe job are a degree and two years experience .moral a. 伦理的，道德上的，eg, Think about the moral problems.motivation n. 积极性，兴趣，动机，原因My motivation increased as I thought of the wonderful world of the future.mourn v. 悼念，哀悼She mourned her dead child for many years.murder n. 谋杀 v. 谋杀 Thousands of civilians were brutally murdered by terrorists.nationwide adj. 全国性的；全国各地的The famous company has over 200 stores nationwide .negotiate v. 谈判；磋商；协商; 商定；达成协议 negotiate with sb. for/about sth. The government will not negotiate with terrorists. 政府不会和恐怖分子谈判。
negotiate a deal/ contract 达成交易/确立合同odd adj. 奇怪的；怪异的；反常的 There is something odd about the old woman. She had the oddest feeling that he was avoiding her. offence /offense n. 犯罪；(球队的)前锋;攻势 He played offense for the Chicago Bulls. The new law makes it a criminal offense to drink alcohol in public places.offshore adj. 近海的；离岸的；投放国外的an offshore island 近海岛屿 offshore investments 境外投资paralyze vt. 使瘫痪；使麻痹 The poisons quickly paralyze the fish.peck vt./vi. 啄食 Woodpeckers peck holes in trees.petal n. 花瓣pirate n 海盗pollinate vt. 对…授粉 Many garden plants need butterflies to pollinate them.pollinator n. 虫媒portable adj. 轻便的；手提的；便携的 Portable telephones are very popular nowadays. postpone vt. 推迟；延迟 postpone sth. (to sth.) (1)The match was postponed to the following Saturday because of bad weather. (2)Let’s postpone making a decision until we have more information.precise adj. 精确的；准确的；一丝不苟的 precisely adv. (1) He caught me at the precise moment that I fainted. (2) Yeas of doing research had made her very precise in her working methods. profile n.（人物或事物之）简介；侧面；promote vt. 促进；提升promotion n. The government decided to promote public welfare. The aim of the conference is to promote international friendship. pyramid n. 金字塔receptionist n 招待员；接待员reckon vt. 计算；估计 reckon sb./sth. as sth. 认为…是… reckon sth. in 将…计算在内 reckon on sb./sth. 依赖…；指望… They reckon the book as one of his best works. We reckon to arrive in Delhi at noon. reckoning n 计算；估 the reckoning of debts, accounts, etc. By my reckoning, this short cut will save 5 miles.refresh vt. 使振作；使恢复；更新Let me refresh your memory with some fact. He has drunk one cup of coffee to refresh oneself.repentance n. 后悔 repent v. We finally forgave him when he expressed his repentance with tears. reservation n. 保留；预定 I have reservation for this Sunday. My name is Dexter. The hotel provides a reservation of tickets for its residents. restriction n. 限制；约束 restrict vt. I restrict myself to smoking two cigarettes a day. The swimming club is open to families in the neighborhood without restriction. routine n. 常规；日常事务 They did it as a matter of routine. rust n.铁锈 rusty adj. 生锈的；铁锈色的scale n. 磅秤，天平盘；规模，程度，范围 on a large/small/grand/… scale 规模程度的大小on a global/international/world scale 范围的级别seal v. 封，密封 n. 海豹，印章，封条 He wrote the address and sealed the envelope. seaweed n. 海藻，海草 secure adj. 安全的，可靠的，永久的 v. 使…安全，系牢，使… 固定, 永久得到 1）There was no secure method of measuring longitude until the 17th century. 2). An important task of archaeologists is to secure the site from thieves.shave v. 剃，刮 n. 剃，刮 He even shaved his head in the Chinese style. sheet n. 床单，一张（纸），一片，一层 a sheet of paper 1) The thin sheet of steel could not stand high pressure. 2) Through the window, I could see the rain coming down in sheets. (大雨倾盆而下)simplify v. 简化sow v. 播种，播种于spear n. 矛，枪，鱼叉 The young man took up his spear and killed the lion.spokesman n.发言人，代言人 starvation n. 饥饿，挨饿，饿死 string n. 细绳，（乐器上的）弦，一串，一系列 suitcase n. 手提箱superb adj. 卓越的，杰出的，极好的survival n. 幸存，存活 If you develop AIDS, your chances of survival are very small.pack up 把…打包；整理pack (sth) up: 整理某物 I’m about to pack up my things and go home.pavement n. 人行道；公路At this moment, they see a penniless young man wandering on the pavement.possess vt.拥有；占有 possession n. in possession of 占有；come into possession of 继承 Any creature who possesses one of these rings has great power.pray vt.祈祷；肯求；请 And where have you been, pray tell?prayer n. 祈祷 I found her kneeling in prayer at the back of the church.prohibit vt. 禁止；阻止 prohibition n. 禁止；禁令 Smoking is prohibited. They voted in favor of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.pull oneself up 立起身来 I pulled myself up onto the wall.punishment n. 惩罚；惩处Their miserable stay seemed to be punishment rather than justice and freedom to them.quotation n. 引用；引述；引文 quote v. 引用；引述These are the humorous quotations by Mark Twain.rainbow n. 彩虹 After a summer shower, there is often a rainbow in the sky.rank n. 等级；军阶；军衔;（物体的）行，列，排 v. 分等级；位居keep/break rank 保持/打破等级 She had been accepted into the highest ranks of society.recipe n. 菜谱 Our restaurant is special for several reasons: our recipes are a family secret.register n. vt. n. 登记；注册 register sb as sth 登记 register sth (to sth) 挂号托运行李Police want a national register of DNA samples.How many students have registered for English class?regular adj 规则的；定期的；常规的；定时的；对称的 n.老顾客；常客Now I play in my school team every week on a regular basis.resolve n. vt. 决心；决定 to resolve an issue/a dispute/a conflict 解决问题、争端、冲突Recent events strengthened her resolve to find out the truth.He resolved not to tell her the truth.respectful adj. 恭敬的；尊重人的 be respectful to/towards sb 表示敬重的；尊重的respond v. 回答；响应；做出回应 respond to sb 回答；响应She responded that he didn’t want to see anyone.responsibility n. 责任；职责;义务 take responsibility for 承担…的责任 have responsibility for 有…的责任This question is concerned with responsibilities to a friend.The media has a moral responsibility to report news truthfully.roof n. 房顶；屋顶So all I had to do was climb onto the garage roof and from there onto the house.She threw the cat basket onto the roof of the car and pushed Rosie up beside it.sacrifice n.&v. 牺牲；献身；祭品；亏本出售 She sacrificed her career to marry him.salute n.&v. 行礼致敬；敬礼 Those in the cars waved and we saluted them back.sceptical (AmE.skeptical) adj. 怀疑的 be sceptical of/about 怀疑..... He denied taking money but we were sceptical. Im extremely sceptical about/of what I read in the press.scold v. 责骂，斥责 scold sb. for (doing) sth.=blame sb. or (doing) sth. 因....而责备某人 He scolded them for arriving late.see through 看穿，识破；帮助（某人渡过）难关；支持（某人） see sb. off 给某人送行 see about 安排，着手处理 see in 带领（某人）进入 see sth. out 坚持把（某事）做完 see over sth. 仔细查看/检查（某处） see to sth. 处理（某事） see to it that 务必.....semicircle n. 半圆形separation n. 分开，分离 separate....form..... 把....和....区分开sneeze n. 喷嚏 v. 打喷嚏 not to be sneezed at. 值得重视的，不可轻视 1) He was allergic to cat fur and started sneezing when she brought her pet into the room. 2) In those days, $20 was not a sum to be sneezed at.squirrel n. 松鼠 v. 贮藏，储存 Red squirrels are very rare in Britain. She had money squirreled away in various bank accounts.storage n. 贮藏，存储，储藏室store n. 商店 v. 储存stout a. 结实的，矮胖的，顽强的 He put up a stout defence in court. He always wears a stout pair of shoes when exploring in the rain forests. The thief is tall and stoutly built.supreme a. 最高的，极度的 She smiled with supreme confidence.swear (swore;sworn) v. 宣誓，发誓;咒骂，诅咒 1）We who remained on Elephant Island swore that we would do as he advocated: remain optimistic and recover our health before he returned to rescue us. 2）She bumped her head in the doorway and swore loudly.tough adj. 强硬的，棘手的，艰苦的，严厉的；adv. 以强硬的态度、顽强地；n. 暴徒; 恶棍 tough luck 真不走运 tough love 诤爱 hang tough 顽强不屈 a tough nut to crack 难对付的人 tough it out v.坚持到底 The government is taking a tough line on drug abuse.therefore adv. 因此，所以We do not have enough money. Therefore we can not afford to buy the new car.voyage n. 航行，旅程；v. 航行，旅行 This is the virgin voyage of the ship.tide n. 趋势，潮流，潮汐，潮水；v. 渡过，（使）随潮漂流For a moment the tide almost turned against him.The empty boat was washed away by the tide.update vt. 更新，升级；n. 更新 The data should be updated once a week.The feedback from the computer enables us to update the program.tendency n. 趋势，倾向，秉性tension n. 紧张，拉力，张力，紧张状态，[电]电压；vt. 使拉紧，使绷紧The tension soon transmitted itself to all the members of the crowd.tear vt. 撕掉，扯下，扰乱；vi. 流泪，撕破；n. 眼泪，（撕破的）洞或裂缝，撕扯tear off 撕掉,匆匆离开 tear down 拆除,拆毁 tear up 撕毁 tear away (使)勉强离去 tear at 撕,扯 tear apart 撕开,拆散in tears 流着泪,含泪Take the book from Alice, she will tear it.My wife burst into tears when she heard the bad news.Do tear yourself away from the television and come out for a walk.tax n. 税，负担；v. 斥责，课税，使 ... 负重荷Her accountant was good at exploiting tax loopholes.The care of six children is a tax on her energy.Tobacco and alcoholic drinks are taxed heavily in their country.tolerate vt. 容许，忍受，容忍 tolerance n.The school cannot tolerate cheating on exams.We do not tolerate any form of discrimination.via prep. 经由，通过 We went from London to Washington via New York.timetable n. 时间表， 时刻表， 课程表 It seems illogical to change the timetable so often.vinegar n. 醋unconscious adj. 失去知觉的，无意的This wounded soldier was unconscious from his loss of blood.He is unconscious of having made a serious error.tight adj. 紧的，紧身的，密集的，拮据的；adv. 紧紧地，牢固地，迅速地That fat woman looked ridiculous in her tight golden dress.She held her baby tight in her arms.thunderstorm n. 雷暴雨， 大雷雨weed n. 杂草，野草；衣服，丧服；vi. 除草，清除，淘汰typical adj. 特有的，典型的，有代表性的tube n. 管子，管状物，地铁，电视，管状器官；v. 提供或装上管子target n. 目标，对象，靶；vt. 把 ... 作为目标，瞄准technique n. 技术，技巧，技能The workers are trying to apply modern techniques to this traditional craft.visual adj. 视觉的，视力的，看的见的，形象的；n. 画面，图象Her designs have a strong visual appeal.typist n. 打字员tobacco n. 烟草trustworthy adj. 可信赖的He is trustworthy and I am dead sure he wouldnt hand me a lemon.web n. 网，网络urgent adj. 急迫的；紧急的 Calling us calmly together, he made an urgent announcement that we must save only essential supplies before the ship sank.vital adj. 生死攸关的；重要的 It is vital to do sth.\ that ... 做...是至关重要的 He described it as vital for keeping us cheerful.Its vital that we send for an ambulance now.whichever pron. 无论哪一个；任何troop n. 群，组，大量；(pl)军队 a troop of \ troops of 一群，大量 I shall take nothing for myself except a troop of one hundred of my most loyal soldiers to care for and protect me.vacant adj. 空的，空缺的The house had been vacant for a long time and so it was very dusty.up to 取决于 It is up to sb to do sth 做某事由某人决定 There are certain techniques you can learn and then it is up to you to practice, practice and practice.underneath adv & prep 在下面；在...下面 It looks a bit like a tent but has four wheels underneath. He went to his desk to look for some papers and found the keys underneath some books.tiresome adj. 令人厌烦的；烦人的 I find it tiresome to sit and concentrate on anything for a long time.vague adj. 含糊的；不清楚地 I usually remember peoples faces but I am often vague about their names.warehouse n. 客栈 If the weather permits, we will set off for the warehouse for some bargains.vain adj.徒劳的, 枉然的；虚荣的 in vain 枉费心机；徒劳无益；白费力气 1)He was a vain man who enjoyed arriving at a party in time to have his photographs taken with famous guests. 。