英语四六级常见前缀和后缀: 1.常见前缀 aero:concerning the air or aircraft plane( 飞机)—aeroplane(飞机) space(空间, 间隔)—aerospace(航空宇宙) anti: against;opposite of nuclear([核]核子)—antinuclear(反对使用核武器) matter( 物质)—antimatter(反物质) war(战争、作战、 打仗)—antiwar(反战, 反对战争) auto: of or by oneself biography(传记)—autobiography(自传) criticism(批评, 批判)—autocriticism(自我反省, 自我检讨) be:to treat as the stated thing friend(好友, 助手)—befriend(待人如友, 协助) little(很少, 矮小,很少)—belittle(轻视, 使渺小, 使...显得渺小) bi: two;twice;double lingual(语言)—bilingual(能说两种语言) cycle( 自行车)—bicycle(脚踏车, 自行车) bio:concerning living things chemistry(化学)—biochemistry(生物化学) sphere(圈子)—biosphere(生物圈) by—:less important product(产品, 产物,)—by-product(副产品, 附加产物) way(路,道路)—byway(小道) centi: hundredth part grade(等级)—centigrade(分为百度, 百分度, 摄氏温度) meter(米)—centimeter(厘米) co: together, with author(作家, 发明者)—coauthor(合著者, 共同执笔者,合著) exist(存在, 生存)—coexist(共存) col:(used before l) together, with location(位置, 场所)—collocation(排列, 配置) com:(used before b, m, p)together, with passion(激情, 热情)—compassion(同情,怜悯) con:together, with centric(中心, 中央)—concentric(同中心) federation(同盟, 联邦, 联合, 联盟)—confederation(联邦) contra:opposite diction(措辞, 用语, 言语)—contradiction(反驳, 矛盾) natural(自然, 自然界)—contranatural(违反自然) cor:(used before r) together, with relate(论述, 讲, 使联络, 发生关系)—correlate(使互相关联,和...有关) respond(答复, 响应, 作出反应,有反应)—correspond(符合, 协调, 通信, 相称, 对应) counter:opposite act(担当,体现, 见效)—counteract(抵消, 中和, 阻碍) attack(袭击)—counterattck(反引力) cross:across;going between the stated things and joining them country(乡下, 乡村, [方]祖国, 家乡)—crosscountry(越野, 横过田野) breed((使)繁殖, 教养, 抚养,品种, 种类)—crossbreed([生物]杂种,异种交配, 培育杂种, (使)杂交) de:showing an opposite; to remove; to reduce code(代码, 密码)—decode(解码, 译解) value(评价, 重视)—devalue((=devaluate)减值, 贬值) dis:not; the opposite of advantage(优势, 有利条件)—disadvantage(不利, 不利条件, 缺陷, 劣势) agree(同意) —disagree(不一致, 不适宜) honest(诚实, 正直)—dishonest(不诚实) em:(used before b,m, p) to cause to become body(赋以形体)—embody(详细表达, 使详细化) power(权力,鼓励)—empower(授权和, 使可以) en:to cause to become; to make danger( 威胁)—endanger(危及) large(大, 巨大)—enlarge(扩大, 放大) ex:former(and still living) minister(部长, 大臣)—exminister (前部长) wife(妻子)—exwife(前妻) extra:outside;beyond curricular(课程)—extracurricular(课外, 业余) ordinary(平常, 一般, 平凡)—extraordinary(很, 尤其, 不凡) fore:in advance, before; in or at the front arm(臂,武器, 装备)—forearm(前臂,准备战斗, 预先武装, 准备) warn(警告)—forewarn(预先警告) il:(used before l) not legal(法律, 合法)—illegal(违法, 不合规定) literate(学者,有文化,有阅读和写作能力)—illiterate(违法, 不合规定) im:(used before b,m,p)not moral(道德(上), 精神,道德)—immoral(不道德, 邪恶, 放荡, 淫荡) possible(也许)—impossible(不也许) in:not direct(径直, 直接)—indirect(间接, 迂回) sensitive(敏感, 敏捷)—insensitive(对...没有感觉, 感觉迟钝) infra:below in a range; beyond red(红(色))—infrared(红外线,红外线)structure(构造,构造)—infrastructure(下部构造, 基础下部组织)inter:between;among change(变化, 变化)—interchange((指两人等)互换,互相互换) national(国家, 民族)—international(国际, 世界,国际性组织, 国际比赛) intra:inside, within;into city(都市, 都市)—intracity(市内) department(部, 局, 处, 科, 部门, 系, 学部)—intradepartment(内部) ir:(used before r)not regular(规则, 有秩序)—irregular(不规则, 无规律) responsible(有责任, 可靠)—irresponsible(不负责任, 不可靠) kilo:thousand gram(克,)—kilogram([物]公斤, 公斤) meter(米)—kilometer(公里) macro:large, esp.concerning a whole system rather than particular parts of particular parts of economics(经济学)—macroeconomics(宏观经济学) structure(宏观构造)—macrostructure(宏观构造) mal:bad or badly function(官能, 功能, 作用)—malfunction(故障) treat(宴请, 款待)—maltreat(虐待, 滥用) micro:extremely small computer(计算机, 电脑)—microcomputer(微进化) electronics(电子学)—microelectronics([电子]微电子学) mid:middle day(天, 白天)—midday(正午) night(夜, 夜晚)—midnight(午夜) mini:small;short bus(公共汽车)—minibus( 小型公共汽车) skirt(裙子)—miniskirt (迷你短裙, 超短裙) mis:bad or badly;wrong or wrongly fortune( 运气, 好运)—misfortune(不幸, 灾祸) understand(懂, 理解)—misunderstand(误解, 误会) mono:one;single plane( 飞机)—monoplane(单翼机) tone(音调, 语气)—monotone(单调,单调) multi:more than one;many purpose(目旳, 意图)—multipurpose(多种用途, 多目旳) national(国家, 国立[有], 民族)—multinational( 多民族,) non:not resident—non()resident sense 理性, 认识—nonsense(乱说, 废话) out:outside;eyond live(活, 生动)—outlive(比...长命, 比...耐久) door(门, 通道, 家, 户)—outdoor(室外, 户外, 野外) over:too much;above; additional head(头,头, 关键)—overhead(在头上,在头顶上, 在空中, 在高处) time(时间, 时侯, 时机, )—overtime(超时, 加班, 延长时间,超时, 加班,加班地,使超时) poly:many centric(中心, 中央)—polycentric(多中心) syllabic([语] 音节主音,音节)—polysyllabic(多音节) post:later than;after graduate((大学)毕业生, 硕士,(使)(大学)毕业)—postgraduate(研究所学生, 硕士,毕业后) war(战争,作战, 打仗)—postwar(战后) pre:before;in advance pay(薪水, 工资,支付)—prepay(预付) war(战争,作战, 打仗)—prewar(战前,在战前) pro:in favor of, supporting America(<美>美国, 美洲(包括北美和南美洲))—proAmerica abortion—proabortion(流产, 堕胎, 失败, 夭折, 中断, 早产) pseudo:not real;false name( 姓名)—pseudonym(假名, 笔名) science(科学, 自然科学)—pseudoscience(假科学, 伪科学) re:again;back to the former state unite(联合, 团结)—reunite((使)再结合) use(使用)—reuse(再使用,重新使用) self:by means of oneself or itself;of, to, with, for, or in oneself or itself employed(雇用, 用, 使用)—selfemployed taught(teach过去式和过去分词)—selftaught semi:half;partly circle(圆周, 圆形物)—semicircle(半圆形) final( 决赛)—semifinal(半决赛) step:not by birth but through a parent who has remarried mother(母亲, 母亲)—stepmother(继母) children(孩子, 孩子们)—stepchildren(继子,继女) sub:under,below;less imortant;part of the stated bigger whole divide(分, 划分, 分开, 隔开)—subdivide(再分, 细分) section(部分)—subsection(分部, 分段) super:more, larger, greater than usual market(市场)—supermarket(超级市场) natural(自然, 自然界, 一般, 正常)—supernatural(超自然, 神奇,超自然物, 不可思议事) tele:at or over a long distance;by or for television communication—telecommunication screen(屏, 银幕)—telescreen(电视屏幕,荧光屏) therm(o):concerning heat chemistry(化学)—thermochemistry(热化学) meter( 计, 表)—thermometer(温度计, 体温计) trans:across, on or to the other side of; between Atlantic(大西洋)—transatlantic(大西洋彼岸) plant(种植, 栽培, 培养)—transplant(移植, 移种) tri:three;three times angular(有角)—triangular(三角形) cycle( 自行车)—tricycle(三轮车, 机器三轮车) ultra:beyond;very, extremely modern(近代, 现代)—ultramodern(超现代化) sound(声音, 语音)—ultrasound(超频率音响) un:not certain(确定, 肯定, 可靠)—uncertain(无常, 不确定, 不可估计, 靠不住) fortunate(幸运, 幸福)—unfortunate(不幸, 使人遗憾) under:too little;below develop(发展,显影)—underdevelop((使)发展不完全, (使)显影局限性) sea(海洋, 大浪)—undersea(海面下) uni:one;single form( 形态, 构成)—uniform(统一, 相似) directional(方向)—unidirectional(单向, 单向性) vice:next in the rank;below chairman(主席, 会长)—vicechairman(副主席, 副议长) president(总统, 会长, 行长)—vicepresident(副总督, 副省长) 2.常见后缀 (1)名词后缀 ability(能力, 才能),ibility able(能..., 有才能, 能干, 可以)—ability(能力, 才能) flexible(有弹性,柔韧)—flexibility(弹性, 适应性, 机动性, 挠性) arrive(抵达, 抵达)—arrival(到来, 抵达, 抵达者) refuse(拒绝, 拒绝)—refusal(拒绝, 推却) an, ian, arian library(图书馆, 藏书室)—librarian(图书馆员, 图书管理员) music(音乐, 乐曲)—musician(音乐家) ance,ence appear(出现, 公开露面)—appearance(出现, 露面, 外貌, 外观) refer(提交, 谈及,提到, 包括, 查阅, 征询)—reference(提及, 包括, 参照, 参照书目, 证明书(人), 简介信(人)) ancy,ency emerge(显现, 出现, (事实)显现出来)—emergency(紧急状况, 忽然事件, 很时刻, 紧急事件) expect(期待, 预期)—expectancy(期待, 期望) ant,ent apply(申请)—applicant(申请者, 祈求者) correspond( 通信)—correspondent(通讯记者, 通信者) cy accurate(对旳, 对旳)—accuracy(对旳性, 对旳度) private(私人, 私有, 私营, 秘密)—privacy(独处而不受干扰, 秘密) dom king(国王, 君主, (部落)首领, 纸牌中K,立...为王,做国王, 统治)—kingdom(王国, [宗]天国, 上帝统治, 领域) free(自由, 免费, 免税, 免费)—freedom(自由, 自主, 直率, 特权) ee employ(雇用, 用)—employee(职工, 雇员, 店员) interview(接见, 会见)—interviewee(被接见者, 被访问者) er,or,ar paint(油漆, 颜料)—painter(画家, 油漆匠) beg(祈求, 乞求)—beggar(乞丐) ery brave(勇敢)—bravery(勇敢) slave(奴隶)—slavery(奴隶身分, 奴隶制度) ery ese: China(中国)—Chinese(中国,) Japan(日本)—Japanese(日本) ess actor(男演员)—actress(女演员) waiter(侍者, 服务员)—waitress(女服务生) hand(手)—handful(一把, 少数) hood child(孩子, 子女)—childhood(孩童时期) man(男人)—manbood(成年男子) ics electron(电子)—electronics(电子器件) linguist(语言学家)—linguistics(语言学) ism Marx(马克思)—Marxism(马克思主义) socialist(社会主义者)—socialism(社会主义) ist psychiatry(精神病学)—psychiatrist(精神病医师) violin(小提琴)—violinist(小提琴演奏者) ity,ty cruel(残酷, 悲惨)—cruelty(残忍, 残酷) pure(纯, 纯粹)—purity(纯净, 纯洁, 纯度) ment move(移动, 搬家)—movement(运动, 动作) retire(退休, 引退, 退却)—retirement(退休, 引退) ness dark(黑暗, 夜)—darkness(黑暗, 漆黑) happy(快乐, 幸福)—happiness(幸福, 快乐) ology climate(气候, 风土)—climatology(气候学, 风土学) future(未来, 未来)—futurology(未来学) ship friend(好友, 助手)—friendship(友谊, 友好) scholar(学者)—scholarship(奖学金, 学问, 学识) sion,ssion decide(决定, 判决)—decision(决定, 决心) expand(使膨胀, 扩张)—expansion(扩充, 开展) th grow(生长, 成长)—growth(生长, 种植) wide(宽, 广阔)—width(宽度) ure close(关, 关闭)—closure(关闭,使终止) expose(使暴露, 受到, 使曝光,揭发)—exposure(暴露, 揭发, 暴光, 揭发) (2)动词后缀 en deep(深, 纵深)—deepen(加深, 深化) fast(紧, 牢)—fasten(扎牢, 扣住) ify class(班级, 阶级)—classify(分类, 分等) simple(简朴, 简易)—simplify(单一化, 简朴化) ize,ise modern(现代人)—modernise/modernize(<主英>=modernize) popular(通俗, 流行, 受欢迎)—popularise/popularize(<主英> =popularize) (3)形容词后缀 able, ible question( 疑问)—questionable(可疑) al nature(自然)—natural(自然) structure(构造, 构造)—structural(构造, 建筑) an,arian,ian suburb(市郊, 郊区)—suburban(郊外, 偏远) Canada(加拿大)—Canadian(加拿大,加拿大人) ant,ent differ(不一致, 不一样样)—different(不一样样) please(满足, 使满足)—pleasant(令人快乐, 舒适) ary,ory advise(劝说, 忠告, 警告)—advisory(顾问, 征询, 劝说) custom(习惯, 风俗)—customary(习惯, 通例) ate consider(考虑, 照顾)—considerate(考虑周到) fortune(运气, 好运)—fortunate(幸运, 幸福) en gold(黄金, 金币)—golden(金色, 金黄色) wood( 木材)—wooden(木制) ese China(中国)—Chinese(中国, 中国人) Japan(日本)—Japanese(日本, 日本人) free care( 烦恼, 忧虑)—carefree(无忧无虑, 轻松快乐) duty(义务, 责任, 职责, 职务, 税)—duty—free(自由, 大方, 免费, 免税, 免费) ful care(注意, 照顾)—careful(小心, 仔细) pain(痛苦, 疼)—painful(疼痛, 使痛苦) ic,ical atom(原子)—atomic(原子, 原子能) psychology(心理学, 心理状态)—psychological(心理(上)) ish girl(女孩, 少女)—girlish(少女, 少女似(男孩)) child(孩子)—childish(孩子气, 幼稚) ive create(发明)—creative(发明性) support(支援,支柱)—supportive(支持,支援) less hope(期望, 信心)—hopeless(没有期望, 绝望) pain(痛苦, 疼, 痛, 劳苦, 努力,使痛苦)—painless(无痛, 不痛) like child(孩子)—childlike(孩子似, 天真烂漫) lady(女士, 夫人, 小姐)—ladylike(风度雍容如贵妇, 温雅) ly man(男人)—manly(男子气概) month(月)—monthly(每月,每月一次,月刊) ous,ious danger(危险)—dangerous(危险) poison(毒药, 败坏道德之事, 毒害,毒害, 败坏, 使中毒,放毒, 下毒)—poisonous(有毒) some tire( 劳累, 厌倦)—tiresome(无聊, 烦人) trouble(烦恼, 麻烦)—troublesome(麻烦, 讨厌) ward down(向下)—downward(向下) up(向上)—upward(向上) y guilt(罪行, 内疚)—guilty(犯罪, 有罪) noise(喧闹声, 噪声)—noisy(吵杂, 聒噪) (4)副词后缀 ly easy(轻易)—easily(轻易地, 不费力地) heavy(重, 繁重)—heavily(很重地, 沉重地) ward,wards east(东方, 东)—eastward(s)(向东,向东, 朝东) north(北, 北方)—northward(s)(向北,向北) wise clock(时钟)—clockwise(顺时针方向,顺时针方向地) other(其他, 此外)—otherwise(此外, 不一样样地)。