跟郭老师学初中英语语法：简单句和并列句纵观近几年河北中考，对简单句的考查主要体现在陈述句、感叹句、疑问句和祈使句上，对并列句的考查主要体现在并列连词上从命题内容来看，主要包括感叹句引导词what和how的辨析、疑问词how long，how soon和how often的辨析、反意疑问句、祈使句的肯定式和否定式、并列连词的辨析等从命题形式来看，有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用，分值一般为1～2分预计2016年，对简单句的考查仍以感叹句为主，对并列句的考查以并列连词为主2011—2015年河北中考试题分析表(简单句和并列句)年份题号题型分值201139单项选择1201229，32单项选择2201332，40单项选择2201432单项选择1201585连词成句1简单句是只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子根据句子的功能可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句陈述句用来陈述一件事或表达一种看法，有肯定和否定两种形式，句末通常用句号疑问句是用以提问的句子，句末用问号疑问句又分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句祈使句是用以表示命令、请求或建议的句子，通常省略主语感叹句是用以表达快乐、痛苦等强烈感情的句子，感叹句有用what或how开头的两种形式。
并列句是指由两个或两个以上的并列分句构成的句子并列句的分句间没有修饰和被修饰的关系，也没有限定或被限定的关系，其间的关联是靠并列连词实现的1. 简单句构成类型例句由一个主语(含并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成1. S＋ViAn accident happened yesterday.2. S＋V＋PYour idea sounds good.3. S＋Vt＋OWe want to see him.4. S＋Vt＋O＋OMy father made me a kite.5. S＋Vt＋O＋CHe made us stand here.2. 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句分类用途例句陈述句肯定肯定的陈述，表示“是如此”They usually go to school by bike.I get up at six o’clock in the morning.否定否定的陈述，表示“不是如此”They won’t go to the park tomorrow.I can’t speak Chinese.疑问句一般疑问句询问一件事或情况是否属实Is this your schoolbag?Have you been to Shanghai?特殊疑问句针对句子某一具体成分提问What does your father do?Where is Mike from？选择疑问句提供两种或两种以上的情况供对方选择—Is your friend a boy or a girl?—He is a boy.反意疑问句由“陈述句＋简短问句”组成，问话者欲对陈述句部分的内容做进一步证实—There is a book on the desk, isn’t there?—Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.祈使句表示命令、请求、建议、劝告等Come in, please.Let’s go to school.感叹句表示惊讶、喜悦、愤怒等感情，常用what或how引导What beautiful flowers!How clever the girl is！1. 否定的一般疑问句通常以be动词、情态动词或助动词与not的缩略形式开头，往往表示惊讶、赞叹、怀疑等语气。
作简略回答时也要用yes或no，但其汉语翻译与其原意正好相反如：—Don’t you hear of that? 你没有听说过吗？—Yes, I do. 不，我听说过—No, I don’t. 是的，我没有听说过2. 特殊的反意疑问句(1) 当陈述部分含有否定意义的词如hardly，few，little，no，nobody，no one，nothing等时，附加疑问部分须用肯定形式但若陈述部分含有带否定前缀如im-，un-，in-，dis-等的派生词时，仍作为肯定结构，附加疑问部分用否定式2) I am…反意疑问句的附加疑问部分应为aren’t I3) 如果陈述部分是肯定或否定的祈使句，疑问部分须用will you4) 当陈述部分是let’s do sth.时，疑问部分须用shall we来反问；而当陈述部分是let sb. do sth.时，疑问部分仍然用will you来反问5) 当陈述部分主语是不定代词nobody，somebody，no one等时，疑问部分须用复数代词they，也可以用he；当陈述部分主语是不定代词nothing，something时，疑问部分须用代词it6) 若陈述部分为there be句型，附加疑问部分仍用there。
7) 陈述部分含有must，表示“必须”时，附加疑问部分用mustn’t若陈述部分含must，表示推测意义“必定”时，则附加疑问部分应根据陈述部分不定式结构用相应的系动词或助动词8) 主从复合句的反意疑问句附加疑问部分的助动词与人称应与主句的谓语动词和人称保持一致若宾语从句的主句为“I think / believe”等表示说话人的看法，反意疑问句的疑问部分应与宾语从句一致9)陈述部分含情态动词ought to时，附加疑问部分有两种形式：“oughtn’t＋主语人称代词”或“shouldn’t＋主语人称代词”3. 不能出现在一个句子里的连词(1) because (因为)，so(所以)不能出现在一个句子里，只能用其一2) (al)though(虽然)，but(但是)不能出现在一个句子里，只能用其一但though可以与still或yet连用如：Though he was tired，he still worked hard.虽然他很累，但他仍然努力工作 陈述句和疑问句1. (2015唐山路北区一模) —Excuse me，sir. ______ is it from here to No. 12 Middle School?—It’s about 10 minutes’ walk.A. How soon B. How far C. How much D. How often2. (2015路北区二模) —______ has the number of cars in our city risen in the last few years?—About over 30 percent.A. How soon B. How long C. How much D. How many3. (2015石家庄藁城区模拟) —______ will your father come back from Beijing?—In two days.A. How often B. How long C. How far D. How soon4. (2015·河北中考仿真四) —______ have you been away from your hometown?—Since 10 years ago.A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. How far5. (2015河北模拟密卷一) —______ sleep do you think is necessary for a teenager?—I think eight hours at least.A. How often B. How long C. How many D. How much6. (2015河北模拟三) He’s given an important report on the work of the government, ______?A. isn’t he B. is he C. hasn’t he D. has he7. (2015河北预测卷一) —Steve, ______ do you go to the library?—Three times a week.A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How far8. (2015河北43中模拟) —______? —He is not very heavy and wears glasses.A. What does Ron look like B. What is RonC. What do you think of Ron D. How is Ron 祈使句9. (2015河北中考仿真四) —Remember to say “Hello” to your parents for me! —______.A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can10. (2015河北升学文化模拟五) ______ the road and you’ll see the hospital.A. Crossing B. Walk cross C. Across D. Walk across11. (2014秦皇岛二模) —______ late for school next time. —No, I won’t.A. Not be B. Won’t be C. Don’t be D. Be not12. (2014衡水一模) ______ go swimming in the river all by yourself.A. Don’t B. Not C. Not to D. Mustn’t 感叹句13. (2015唐山路北区一模) ______ good time they had when they travelled in Tangshan!A. How B. How a C. What D. What a14. (2015唐山路北区二模)—______ fine weather!—________ stay at home. Let’s go for a picnic，shall we?A. How; Not B. What; Won’t C. What; Don’t D. What a; Not15. (2015河北模拟夺冠型)—______interesting film it is!—Yes. I have seen it twice.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an16. (2015石家庄新华区质量检测) ______ fast time flies！We’ll leave our school in less than three months.A. What B. How C. What an D. How much17. (2015河北模拟经典二)—______ bad weather it is today!—And the weather reports says it will last several days!A. How B. How a C. What D. What a18. (2015河北模拟密卷一) ______ amazing news report the woman is giving us!A. What B. What an C. How D. How a19. (2015邯郸武安七中模拟) ______ nice flowers! Where did you buy them?A. How B. What C. What a D. What an20. (2015石家庄栾城区模拟) ______ amazing movie Rio 2 is! Many people like to watch it.A. What B. How an C. What an D. How21. (2015河北预测卷一) I visited Shanhaiguan with my parents last year. ______ great it is!A. How B. What C. How a D. What a22. (2015河北预测卷二) ______ lovely dog it is! How long have you kept it?A. What B. What a C. How D. How a3. 并列句构成意义常用连词简单句＋并列连词＋简单句表示引申和并列and，not only…but also…，as well as，neither…nor…表示选择or，either…or…表示转折but，while，only表示缘由for，soand和or用于否定句中：(1) 当列举成分是主语，又在否定词前时，用and连接，而当列举成分在否定词之后时，用or构成完全否定。
如：I can’t sing or dance.我既不会唱歌，也不会跳舞Lucy and Lily can’t speak Chinese.露西和莉莉不会说汉语2) 在否定句中，如果所连接的两部分都有否定词，那么用and不用or连接如：There is no water and no air on the moon.月球上既没有水，也没有空气23. (2015河北模拟拔高型) Nearly every child hates tests, ______ it’s necessary. It helps tocheck if you have learned the specific knowledge.A. and B. but C. so D. because24. (2015石家庄43中模拟) Be careful, ______ you will make few mistakes.A. so B. and C. or D. but25. (2015河北模拟一) Get up early, ______ you’ll miss the bus.A. so B. and C. but D. or26. (2015河北预测卷八) Money is important, ______ it’s not the only thing in our life.A. and B. but C. or D. so27. (2015河北模拟拔高型) Peter, work hard ______ you will make much progress.A. or B. nor C. and D. but28. (2015河北预测卷五) Jerry, don’t drive so fast, ______ we’ll be in danger.A. and B. or C. so D. but1. ______ you wait a few more minutes? It’ll be your turn soon.A. Must B. Should C. Could D. Might2. —______ T－shirt do you like better, the red one or the blue one?—I prefer the red one.A. How much B. How many C. Whose D. Which3. —______ do you clean your room?—Every day.A. How long B. How many C. How often D. How soon4. —Lily, ______ do you study for a math test?—By asking my teacher for help.A. how B. who C. why D. what5. —Mr. Smith. ______ is the new bridge?—Oh, let me see! It’s about 800 meters.A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How often6. —______ T－shirt is this?—I think it’s Tom’s.A. Whose B. Which C. What D. Who7. —Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room.—______.A. No, I won’t B. I know that C. It doesn’t matter D. OK.I will8. Yoga helps people to keep healthy and relaxed, ______?A. does it B. is it C. doesn’t it D. isn’t it9. ______ exercising, and you’ll be healthier.A. Keep B. To keep C. Keeping D. Kept10. ______ smoke here，Dad. Smoking has been banned (禁止) in public places.A. Don’t be B. Don’t C. Not to be D. Be not11. ______ me back my money, ______ I’ll ring the police.A. Giving; or B. Give; and C. To give; and D. Give; or12. —Listen！Someone is playing the piano.—Wow! ______ beautiful music！I like it very much.A. What B. How a C. What a D. How13. ______ nice day it is! Let’s go and fly a kite.A. What B. What a C. How D. How a14. ______ interesting it is to go sailing in Qingdao in summer!A. What B. What an C. How D. How an15. —______today!—Yes. Shall we have a picnic in the open air?A. What fine weather is B. How fine weather it isC. What a fine weather it is D. How fine the weather is16. I like noisy music, ______ neither my parents nor my sister likes it.A. and B. or C. but D. so17. —My mom works as a teacher and she likes her students very much.—______ great job it is! You know, being a teacher is my dream.A. How B. How a C. What D. What a18. —______ do you spend on your homework every day?—Three hours.A. How often B. How long C. How many D. How much19. —I’d like you to talk about the Great Wall.—I’m sorry, but ______ Jack ______ I have been there.A. neither; nor B. either; or C. not only; but also D. both; and20. ______ sleep too late. It’s bad for your health.A. Do B. Not C. Don’t D. Please not参考答案跟郭老师学初中英语语法：简单句和并列句题组训练1-5. BCDBD 6-10. CCACD 11-15. CADCD16-20. BCBBC 21-25. ABBBD 26-28. BCB整合集训1-5. CDCAB 6-10. ADCAB11-15. DABCD 16-20. CDBAC。