修身养性的句子 [大学:“修身养性”应放在第一位] 我第一次接触“Liberal Education”这个概念是在念大三时上的《美国文化》这门课上美国大学奉行的Liberal Education意在培养学生全方面发展,不以“专业学习”为目标,而其中,“哲学”方面的学习被摆在了很主要的位置有些人说,哲学是科学中的科学,即使哲学不能替代科学,但它却指导了科学哲学讨论的不止是“我是谁”、“人是什么”这些问题,它还要大家学会怎样思索,而这也是埃及开罗的美国大学期望其学生掌握的能力 ――Mac When Rafik Gindy graduated from high school, he knew he wanted to become an engineer. So he enrolled at the American University in Cairo and prepared to 1)immerse himself in math and science. But the university had a different idea. Mr. Gindy knew what he wanted to be, but did not exactly know who he was. That was what the university wanted him to think about, in a class called The Human Quest: Exploring the Big Questions. “I thought identity was just your name, your culture, but now I know it’s really complex,” said Mr. Gindy, a 2)slender freshman who shook his head at that 3)revelation. Who am I? What does it mean to be human? These are the kinds of questions posed to undergraduate students entering this 90-year-old university during what the president, David D. Arnold, called a first year of “4)disorientation.” During disorientation, the students―85 percent of them Egyptians―are taught to learn in ways quite 5)at odds with the traditional method of teaching in this country, where instructors lecture, students memorize and tests are exercises in 6)regurgitation. “It’s different here because there is room for people to express themselves,” said Manar Mohsen, a junior majoring in political science and journalism. “It is not that simple outside, where it is more about 7)conformity.” In Egypt, education is based on the concept of 8)rote learning, and creativity in the classroom is often discouraged. Students at Cairo University say they memorize and recite, never analyze and 9)hypothesize. American University is a private, elite school, although university officials sometimes 10)recoil at the elite label. Yet, the school is expensive and so is generally out of reach for all but the wealthiest families and a handful of scholarship students. Tuition and fees for Egyptian students run about $19,600 a year, a 11)princely sum in a country where about half the population lives on about $2 a day. The campus 12)exudes 13)affluence. Students joke about the “14)Gucci 15)corridor,” a spot where 16)well-coiffed students gather each afternoon. There is no cafeteria, only expensive fast-food 17)stands. “We are all rich and spoiled,” said one student, upset that more of her classmates were not more politically aware. But in some respects, the elite label is a strength. American University plays a central role as a sort of intellectual 18)boot camp for young people who will become leaders in government and the economy. “If we teach the elite to be good citizens, that’s not a bad thing,” Ms. Anderson said. Nabil Fahmy, the former longtime ambassador to the United States, said that over his nine years in Washington, at least 40 percent of the embassy staff was made up of American University graduates, as was he. 本文为全文原貌 未安装PDF浏览器用户请先下载安装 原版全文 The university was founded in 1919 by a group of 19)Presbyterian 20)missionaries. Over the years it has grown, and now serves 5,000 undergraduates on an architecturally 21)inspiring, if geographically isolated, $400 million, 260-acre campus in a suburb called 22)New Cairo. The location redefined the university, just as the university was beginning to redefine itself as a first-rate university rather than a 23)finishing school for Egypt’s elite. But as the school has grown, so has a conflict within the university itself: can it change its mission while retaining its 24)liberal arts core and preserving classes like the Big Questions? Some say it needs to move away from that way of thinking. “We are moving more and more into professional schools, like business, engineering, sciences,” said Mr. Fahmy, the former ambassador, who is the founding dean of a new school of global affairs and public policy. “The challenge we have now is we have moved from a small college that thought it was a university, to a university that has to change its thinking from being a small college,” he said, defining a view that is 25)anathema to some others on campus. There are other pressures, too, coming from a society that holds engineers in such high esteem, that the profession is also a 26)courtesy title, like doctor. “The humanities in general, and philosophy specifically, are seen as either 27)frivolous or, at the very least, not financially 28)prudent, by many of the very people who seek what makes unique,” said Nathaniel Bowditch, an assistant professor of philosophy. Dr. Bowditch argued that “learning how to think rather than what to think prepares a person for all professions,” and that without that “the academy becomes nothing more than a trade school.” For now, the university leadership says it remains committed to its core mission, and will continue to ensure that incoming Egyptian students relearn how to learn, officials here said. “We want our students to be imaginative in their fields,” Ms. Anderson said. So for the time being, at least, the Big Questions class remains safe, which seems to suit the students just fine. “I took the course because my brother took it two years ago,” said Mr. Gindy, the freshman construction engineering major. “I like how it explained things we never knew, like how the world began.” 拉菲克・金迪高中毕业时就清楚自己想成为一名工程师。
于是,她入读在埃及开罗的美国大学,并准备沉醉在数学和科学的天地里 但这所大学所秉承的理念却和众不一样 金迪清楚自己的理想,但没能清楚地认识自己而这就是这所大学在《人类的探求:重大问题之探索》这门课要她思索的一个问题 “我原认为‘身份’仅指你的姓名和文化,但现在我知道它真是个复杂的东西,”金迪说她是一名身材修长的大一新生,对于这种“新体验”,她摇了摇头 我是谁? 作为“人”,这意味着什么? 在本科生进校的第一年,也就是校长大卫・D・阿诺德形容的“迷惑年”,这全部90年历史的大学向她们提出了这类问题在这充满迷惑的一年里,该校针对学生们所采取的教育方法和埃及我国的传统教育方法极为不一样埃及的传统教育方法无非就是老师讲课,学生死记硬背,考试内容无非就是反复那些平时的习题 “这所学校很不一样,因为大家在这里有表示自己意见的空间就读政治学和新闻学专业的大三学生曼那・莫森说道,“在外面,想自由表示意见并不轻易,更多时候,外面强调的是服从 在埃及,教育是基于“机械学习”这个理念,而创新在课堂上是不提倡的开罗大学的学生们说她们一味死记硬背,从不需做分析和作假设性的猜想 美国大学是一所私立精英学校,尽管该校领导有时不怎么愿意接收“精英”这个标签。
然而,该校学费昂贵,所以除了极为富有的家庭和少数取得该校奖学金的学生以外,通常的学生全部支付不起埃及学生一年的学费大约是19600美元,这在一个半数人天天大约花销只是2美元的国家里可是笔巨大的开支 本文为全文原貌 未安装PDF浏览器用户请先下载安装 原版全文 校园里到处彰显富贵景象学生们戏谑某个地方为“古琦走廊”――衣着光鲜的学生们每个下午的聚集地这里没有饭堂,只有收费昂贵的快餐店 “我们全部是娇生惯养的有钱子弟,”一个学生说道班上大多同学不大关心政治,这让她感觉沮丧但从一些方面来看,“精英”这个标签是种优势对于那些将成为政界和商界领头羊的年轻人来说,美国大学饰演着培养“新兵智力训练营”这么一个主要角色 “假如我们教育那些精英分子成为优良公民,那就不是件坏事安德森女士说道 纳比尔・法赫米是前任驻美大使,在职时间很长她说在驻华盛顿的9年间,她所在的大使馆里有最少40%的工作人员全部毕业于美国大学,她本人也是 美国大学是由一群长老会的传教士于1919年创建的今后的几十年间,它不停发展,现在在校本科生已达5000名该校地处偏僻的埃及郊区新开罗,占地260英亩,建筑风格独特,所获投资达4亿美元。
其地理位置使得该校对本身重新定位,正如该校正开始将自己定位为一流的大学,而非只为埃及精英分子而设的贵族学校但伴随该校的发展,校内也引发了一场论战:它能否在保留其人文教育关键地位和诸如《人生的重大问题》这类课程的同时,转变其使命呢? 有些人表示它需要摒弃这种想法 “我们在商业、工程学和科学等学科的教学方面越来越专业,”前任驻美大使法赫米先生说道她创立了全球事务及公共政治学学院,并担任该学院的院长 “现在,我们的挑战在于,过去作为小小的一所学院,我们认为自己是一所综合性大学,现在它已从一个小学院转变为一所综合性大学,它得转变原来的小学院思维模式,”她论述了这么一个愿景,但学校里的部分人却对此深恶痛绝 该校还面临着其它部分压力,这些压力于这么一个社会――工程师备受敬重,这一职业也成了一个尊称,跟“医生”一样 “很多探究‘开罗美国大学’特色所在的人要不以为大部分的人文学科全部无关紧要,尤其是哲学,要不就以为花钱在这些东西上不太审慎,”该校哲学系助教纳撒尼尔・伯蒂奇说这位博士争辩道:“学习怎样思索而非思索什么,这能为一个人从事各行各业做好准备,”而这种思索能力的缺失将造成“一所高校沦为一所培训学校。
该校的领导们说,现在,该校仍秉承其关键使命,并将继续确保入读的埃及学生能重新学习怎样去学习我们期望我们的学生能在其领域发挥想象力,”安德森女士说道 因此,就现在而言,最少《人生的重大问题》这门课仍能保住,而这门课似乎也很合学生的口味 “我选这门课是因为我哥哥两年前也修了这门课,”建筑工程学专业大一新生金迪说我喜爱它论述那些我们从不了解的事物时所用的方法,比如世界是怎样形成的 本文为全文原貌 未安装PDF浏览器用户请先下载安装 原版全文 。