2022年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题(选择题):时态选择题(共15小题)1. (2021 •呼伦贝尔)- Have you ever been to Shanghai?- Of course.Actually, I there for six years, but now I live inBeijing.( )A. worked B. was workingC. would work D. have worked2. (2021 •沈阳)Tomorrow I'm flying to Beijing. I there for the followingthree weeks.( )A. am B. have been C. will be D. was3. (2021 •淮安)-Here comes the bus.Is everyone here?-No.Sam a meeting in the school hall now.( )A. have B. had C. will have D. is having4. (2021 •甘孜州)He with our teacher when I saw him.( )A. was talking B. talksC. has talked D. will talk5. (2021 •镇江)In the past 40 years» Zhang Guimei many girls from poor areas inYunnan.( )A. helped B. is helping C. has helped D. will help6. (2021 •雅安)- What did you do last summer holiday, Becky.-I as a volunteer at the Natural History Museum.( )A. will work B. worked C. am working D. work7. (2021 •北京)一Lily, what do you usually do after school?——I exercise with my friends.( )A. do B. did C. will do D. was doing8. (2020•绥化)By the time the teacher came, we cleaning the classroom.( )A. finished B. have finishedC. had finished9. (2020•长沙模拟)-I have got a headache. - No wonder. You in front of that computertoo long. ( )A. work B. are workingC. have been working D. worked10. (2018•安庆模拟)The boy with his parents trees for 2 hours.( )A. have been planted B. have been platingC. has been planting D. has been planted11. (2021 •江阴市一模)— Surprising? Our women's football team has scored the ticket for Tokyo Olympics!一 Not at all! Even when they fell behind, they still believed they back.( )A. come B. came C. will come D. would come12. (2021 •嘉定区二模)The famous writer promised that she all the money for her newbook to charity.A. gave B. would give C. has given D. had given13. (2021 •朝阳区一模)The new medicine they developed many lives since it was putinto use.A. will save B. had saved C. has saved D. saved14. (2021•无锡一模)--It's already six o'clock.Why hasn*t Tom shown up?--He promised he on time.He may appear in any minute.( )A ・ arrived B. has arrivedC. will arrive D. would arrive15. (202”建华区三模)-I don't know when he thearmy.I want to see him off.-When he the army» I'll tell you.( )A. joins, will join B. will join, will joinC. will join, joins2022年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题(选择题):时态(15题)参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共15小题)1. (2021 •呼伦贝尔)- Have you ever been to Shanghai?- Of course.Actually, I there for six years, but now I live inBeijing.( )A. worked B. was workingC • would work D. have worked【考点】一般过去时.【分析】-你曾经去过上海吗?-当然。
其实,我在那里工作了六年,但现在我生活在北京解答】根据题干中bul now Hive in Beijing,可知我过去在上海生活了六年,表示发生在 过去的事情,则应用一般过去时,其结构是主语+动词过去式,work的过去式是worked 故选:Ao【点评】本题考查一般过去时,要求学生掌握该时态的用法,再根据题干进行选择2. (2021 •沈阳)Tomorrow Fm flying to Beijing. I there for the followingthree weeks. ( )A. am B. have been C. will be D. was【考点】一般将来时.【分析】明天我将飞往北京我将在那里呆三个星期解答】tomorrow明天,要用将来时wiH+动词原形,前后时态一致,后面也要用一般将 来时故选:Co【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对一般将来时的掌握3. (2021 •淮安)-Here comes the bus.Is everyone here?-No.Sam a meeting in the school hall now.( )A・ have B. had C. will have D. is having【考点】现在进行时.【分析】-公共汽车来了,大家都来了吗?-不,山姆正在学校礼堂开会。
解答】句子中now用于现在进行时,构成be+V-ing故选:D点评】现在进行时态表示正在进行的动作,结构是is/am/are+动词的现在分词,be动词 的单复数要与主语的单复数保持一致,注意现在分词变法,结合语境完成试题4. (2021 •甘孜州)He with our teacher when I saw him.( )A. was talking B. talksC. has talked D. will talk【考点】过去进行时.【分析】我看见他时,他正在和我们老师谈话解答】根据"when I saw him"可知,此处使用过去进行时,表示我看见他时,他正在和 我们老师谈话,过去进行时结构为be doingo故选:Ao【点评】抓住时间状语是解题的关键,再结合选项选择合适的时态5. (2021 •镇江)In the past 40 years, Zhang Guimei many girls from poor areas inYunnan.( )A. helped B. is helping C. has helped D. will help【考点】现在完成时.【分析】在过去的40年里,张桂梅帮助了许多来自云南贫困地区的女孩。
解答】根据时间状语"in the past 40 years"可知,此句用现在完成时态,其结构为:have/has done故选:C,【点评】理解句意的基础上,把握关键词,确定好时态,选出词汇的正确形式6. (2021 *雅安)-What did you do last summer holiday, Becky.-I as a volunteer at the Natural History Museum.( )A. will work B. worked C. am working D. work【考点】时态辨析.【分析】-Becky,你去年暑假做了什么?-我在自然历史博物馆当过志愿者解答】根据语境,问句时间状语last summer holiday表动作发生在过去,因此设空处应 用一般过去时态,即worked符合语境A项一般将来时态:C项现在进行时态;D项一 般现在时态;与语境不符故选:Bo【点评】解答此题的关键,根据语境及关键信息词,判断题干动作发生的时态7. (2021」匕京)一Lily, what do you usually do after school?-I exercise with my friends.( )A. do B. didC. will do D. was doing【考点】一般现在时.【分析】-莉莉,放学后你通常做什么?-我和朋友一起锻炼身体。
解答】根据问句标志词usually可知,该句应为一般现在时,谓语为行为动词,且主语 为第一人称,后接动词原形故选:Ao【点评】要求熟悉课本所学,掌握句意,结合语法知识,确定时态,句式,辨析选项, 确定答案,完成题目8. (2020•绥化)By the time the teacher came, we cleaning the classroom.( )A. finished B. have finishedC. had finished【考点】过去完成时.【分析】老师来的时候,我们已经打扫完教室了.[解答]根据时间状语By the time the teacher came"到老师来的时候为止",是过去完成时 的标志词,所以空格处境had finished.故选:C.【点评】根据时间状语判断句子的时态.9. (2020•长沙模拟)-I have got a headache. - No wonder. You in front of that computertoo long.( )A. work B. are workingC. have been working D. worked【考点】现在完成进行时.【分析】-我头疼.-不足为奇,你在电脑前面工作的时间太长了.【解答】根据N。
wonder,可以看出说话人的意思是"你在电脑前面工作的时间太长了”, 说的应该是一直以来的情况,所以应该用现在完成进行时,即have been working.这个 时态用来表示某个动作或状态从过去一直持续到现在,而且目前仍在进行之中.其他选 项的时态重点都不是强调现在的结果.故选:C.【点评】准确把握每种时态的用法,认真比较几个选项从中选择最合理的那一个.10. (2018•安庆模拟)The boy with his parents trees for 2 hours.( )A. have been planted B. have been platingC. has been planting D. has been planted【考点】助动词的单数第三人称形式:现在完成进行时.【分析】这个男孩和他的父母己经在植树植了两个小时了.【解答】此题考查现在完成进行时态;have been planted,主语是非第三人称单数,是 被动语态;has been planted,主语是第三人称单数,是被动语态;has been planting i 语是第三人称单数,是主动语态;have been planting,主语是非第三人称单数,是主动语 态;此题主语是the boy,后面的 with his parents是伴随状语,不影响谓语,因此主语 是第三人称单数谓语用has,植树是主动语态应该用planting.故选:C,【点评】此题考查现在完成时的进行时以及助动词的单数第三人称,在熟知此知识点的 基础上,结合具体题目,仔细分析,便可得出正确答案.11. (2021 •江阴市一模)— Surprising? Our women's football team has scored the ticket for Tokyo Olympics!— Not at all! Even when they fell behind, they still believed they back.( )A. come B. came C. will come D. would come【考点】过去将来时.【分析】-令人惊讶吗?我们的女子足球队已经拿到了东京奥运会的门票!-一点也不(惊讶)!甚至当她们落后时,她们仍然相信她们会回来的。
解答】根据语境及题干关键信息是fell behind知,设空处表示在过去落后时,仍相信 会回来,即过去将来时态,因此设空处应用would come符合语境故选:D点评】解答此题的关键,根据语境及关键信息词,选择正确的时态区分一般将来时 和过去将来时的区别12. (2021 •嘉定区二模)The famous writer promised that she all the money for her newbook to charity.A. gave B. would give C. has given D. had given【考点】过去将来时.【分析】这位著名的作家承诺她将会把新书的所有收入都捐给慈善机构解答】考查过去将来时根据题意,这位著名的作家承诺她将会把新书的所有收入都 捐给慈善机构从promised可知,承诺发生在过去,故此空应用过去将来时过去将来 时结构为"would+动词原形故would give符合题意故选:Bo【点评】认真分析句子,正确判断句子时态进行作答13. (2021 •朝阳区一模)The new medicine they developed many lives since it was putinto use.A. will save B. had saved C. has saved D. saved【考点】现在完成时.【分析】他们开发的新药自从投入使用以来,已经挽救了许多人的生命。
解答】根据since it was put into use可知主句时态是现在完成时,C符合题意故选:C,【点评】平时应注重积累常见的现在完成时的标志14. (2021 •无锡一模)--It's already six o'clock.Why hasn't Tom shown up?--He promised he on time.He may appear in any minute.( )A. arrived B. has arrivedC. will arrive D. would arrive【考点】时态辨析.【分析】-已经六点钟了,汤姆为什么还没有露面?-他答应他会准时到达他随时都可能出现解答】根据He promised he on time.可知是指:他答应他会准时到达时态是将来时主句是一般过去时,宾语从句用过去将来时would+动词原形故选:D»【点评】正确判断时态,结合题意,给出答案15. (2021•建华区三模)-I don't know when he thearmy.I want to see him off.-When he the army, Fil tell you.( )A. joins, will join B. will join, will joinC. will join, joins【考点】时态辨析.【分析】-我不知道他什么时候参军。
我想为他送行等他参军了,我就告诉你解答】根据题干,可知第一空是when引导宾语从句,时态是一般将来时will+动词原 形;第二空是when引导的时间状语从句,用一般现在时表将来,和接动词第三人称单数 形式故选:Co【点评】正确判断时态,结合题意,给出答案考点卡片1.助动词的单数第三人称形式【主要规律】1 .单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语时,是第三人称单数.如:(1)A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物.©This book is yours.这本书是你的.(3)That car is red.那辆小汽车是红色的.(4)The cat is Lucy's.这只猫是露茜的.2 .不定代词 someone, somebody, nobody. everything, something 等及指示代词 this, that作主语时,是第三人称单数.如:①Everyone is here.大家到齐了.②There is something wrong with the watch.这块手表有毛病.(3)This is a pen.这是一支钢笔.④That is an eraser.那是一块橡皮擦.3 .不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数.如:①The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里.(2)The bread is very small.那面包很小.4 .当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数.如:①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字.is a letter. 'T'是个字母.【易混淆点】除上述规律外,还应注意下面三点:1 .动词have,遇到主语是第三人称单数时,要用has;动词be的第三人称单数形式是is.2 .含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句时,要用doesn't +动词原形,如:He goes to school at six in the morning. (变否定句)He doesn't go to school at six in the morning.3 .对含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子提问时,要用助动词does,如:She goes home at five every day.(对划线部分提问)- When / What time does she go home every day?2. 一般过去时【概念】(1)时态时态是动词的一种形式,分为时间和状态.时间即过去、现在、未来.态有一般状态、进行 状态、完成状态、完成进行状态.它是表示行为、动作、状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式.(2) 一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态,过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为,过 去主语所具备的能力和性格.【结构】(1)主谓宾结构:主语+谓语(动词过去式)+句子其他成分.He did his homework yesterday.(2)主系表结构:主语+was/were+其它.She was a student ten years ago.There were many flowers 2 days ago.【用法】(1) 一般过去时,表示过去某个时间里发生的非持续性动作或存在的状态,也表示经常或 反复发生的动作.用动词的过去式表示,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday, last night, in+过去的年份,two days ago, before, the age of 等.He a book yesterday. It him 50 yuan.A. bought» paid B. spent, tookC. paid, spent D. bought, cost分析:昨天他买了一本书,它花了他50元.解答:D.根据关键词yesterday可知,本句是一般过去时态,bought,买,是瞬间动词,表 示过去的动作;第二个空it做主语,代指a book,所以动词用cost.故选D.点评:本题考查动词的时态,解决此类问题是根据关键词和标志词来确定动词的形式,在不 同的语言环境中达到熟练掌握的目的.(2) 一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和often, always等表示频率的时间 状语连用.表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格.Dad, did you ride a bike to school when you a boy? No, my family was poor, so Iusually to school on foot. ( )A. are, go B. were, go C. was, went D. were, went分析:——爸爸,当你是个小孩的时候你骑车去上学吗?—— 不,我家里穷,所以我经常走路上学.解答:D.结合句意是表达的过去的事情用一般过去时,主语you,故were,主语I,故went, 故答案是D.点评:一般过去时,表示过去某个时间里发生的非持续性动作或存在的状态,也表示经常或 反复发生的动作.用动词的过去式表示,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,例如:yesterday, last night* in+过去的年份,two days ago, before, the age of, the day before yesterday .【易混淆点】一般过去时与现在完成时(1)一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作.说话的侧重 点只在于陈述一件过去的事情,不强调对“现在”产生的影响.如:(2)现在完成时表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成了影响或产生了结果.不与确定的过去 时间状语连用.如:How long?Let me see. We in 2008, that is» for 7 years.( )A. have you been married, have marriedB. have you got married, got marriedC. did you get married» marriedD. have you been married, got married分析: 你们结婚多久了? 让我想想.我们2008年结婚,也就是,七年了.解答:D.how long表示多久,根据句意可知get married动作发生在过去,持续了一段时间故用现在 完成时have/has+过去分词,主语you, get married是短暂性动词不能与how long连用,换 成be married表示状态,be的过去分词been,故How long have you been married?结合时间 状语in 2008是过去的时间,故用一般过去时,get的过去式got,故答案是D.点评:动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与短暂性动词.延续 性动词可以与以since, for. how long等引导的表示一段时间的状语连用. 例如:He haslived here for 6 years. How long did you stay there last year?短暂性动词也称终止性动词、非延续性动词或瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发 生后立即结束.如:open, die, close> begin, finish, come, go, join, borrow, lend, buy, arrive, reach, start, marry, end 等.3. 一般将来时【概念】(1)时态时态是动词的一种形式,分为时间和状态.时间即过去、现在、未来.态有一般状态、进行 状态、完成状态、完成进行状态.它是表示行为、动作、状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式.(2) 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动 作,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如 tomorrow, tomorrow moring/aftemoon, next, the day after tomorrow, in the future 等.(3)概念点拨将要发生的动作或状态:指将来某个时间内发生的动作或存在的状态,比如,下周我们要举 行运动会、明天将要下雨等等.计戈I、打算:指计划、打算做某事.比如,你明天打算做什么?我周末打算去游泳等.【结构】(1) will表示一般将来时:will/shall+动词原形Tomorrow will be Sunday.明天将是星期天了.(2) be going to表示一般将来时:be going to+动词原形When are you going to start?你打算什么时候开始?(3)现在进行时的结构表将来:be+doingWe're leaving next week.我们打算下周离开.【用法】(1)用"wiU/shall+动词原形"表示单纯的将来事实(will可用于所有人称,shall只用于第一 人称I和we):Many scientists believe that robots able to talk like humans in 50 years. ( )A. were B. are C. will be D. have seen分析:许多科学家认为五十年后机器人能和人类一样进行交谈.解答:C.本题考查动词的时态,根据题干in 50 years可知这是表示将来时间的时间短语, 应该用一般将来时,其结构是will+动词原形,故选C.点评:一种特定的时态都有其相应的时间标志,寻找其时间标志并加以认真分析可以巧解时 态试题.本题中in+时间段是一般将来时的时间标志,同学们在做题时若能充分利用时间标 志,同时结合句子语境,就可很快选出正确答案.(2)用“be going to+动词原形"表示打算做某事或即将发生某事:①表打算做某事:The winter holiday is comming, so the twins as well as Alex to Sanya for vacation.( )A. go B. goes C. are going D. is going分析:寒假就要到了,所以双胞胎和Alex将要去三亚度假.解答:C.根据The winter holiday is coming结合语境推测句意是“寒假就要到了,所以双胞 胎和Alex将要去三亚度假.”判断设空处的动作在说话时刻还没有发生,所以用一般将来 时,一般将来时的构成是:主语+will (be going to) +动词原形.另外主语后面有as well as 时,谓语动词由前面的主语决定,the twins是复数名词,be动词用are,故选C.点评:本题考查了动词的时态.做题时,一定要特别光柱有关的时间短语,这是判断句子时 态的标志.在没有时间状语的情况下可以联系上下文根据语境做出正确判断.②表即将发生某事:There an exam tomorrow.A ・ is going to B. is going to haveC. is going to be D. is going分析:明天将哟一场考试.解答:C.考查一般将来时.句意”明天将有一场考试there be句型"有"的意思.一般将来 时的结构是there will be或there be going to be.主语exam考试,单数,用be动词单数is. there is going to be将会有.故选C.点评:一般将来时,表示一个将要发生的动作或状态.主要注意一些时间状语.通常是will 或be going to后跟动词原形.结合语境选择合适用法.(3)用”现在进行时“,即"be+现在分词”表示按计划或安排要发生的事:The soccer team are Japan the day after tomorrow for a game with Japan's nationalteam. ( )A. leaving B. leaving for C. leave for分析:足球队将于后天前往日本,与日本国家队进行一场比赛.解答:B.根据the day after tomorrow,可知这里的意思是后天,是一个表示将来时的短语, 所以句子使用一般将来时.leave for表示启程去…,结合are可知可以用现在进行时表示将 来.故选B.点评:根据时间状语判断事情发生的状态,从而选择应用恰当的时态.【易混淆点】(1) "will/shall+动词原形"与"be going to+动词原形".•联系:两者均可表示将来时间和意图,两者有时可换用:I think it will rain this evening. /I think it's going to rain this evening. 我想今晚会下雨.•区别:①若要强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的,则通常用be going to.若是某个意图没有经过 事先考虑,而是在说话的当时才临时想到的,则通常用will.比较:"Jane is in hospital. ""Oh, I didn't know. I'll go and visit her."(临时想法,不能与 be going to 互换)"Jane is in hospital. ""Yes, 1 know. I'm going to visit her tomorrow."(事先考虑的意图,不 能用will)②若是有迹象表明要发生某事,通常只用be going to,不用will.Look at those black clouds. It's going to rain.看那些乌云,要下雨了.③带有时间或条件状语从句的主句通常不宜用be going to,而用will:When he comes back. I will tell him the news.他回来时我就告诉他这个消息.If he comes back, I will tell him the news.他若回来我就告诉他这个消息.(2) "be going to+动词原形"与"现在进行时"①be going to主要表示主观想法或意图,而现在进行时表示将来则主要强调已经作出的安 排.比较:I'm going to wash the car if I have time.若有时间我想洗洗车.(主观想法)I'm picking you up at 6, don't forget.我6点钟来接你,不要忘了.(已作出的安排) ②但是当要表示主观无法控制的预测时,通常要用be going to,不能用现在进行时态: It's going to snow before long. 不久会下雪.Things are going to get better soon.情况很快就会好起来.③当表示坚持要(不要)某人做某事时,两者均可用:She's taking[going to takejthat medicine whether he likes it or not.不管她喜欢不喜欢,她都得 吃那药.You're not wearing [going to wear] that skirt to school.你不可以穿那条裙子去上学.【解题方法点拨】①根据题干中的时间状语(如:tomorrow表示一般将来时,yesterday表示一般过去时)来 确定句子的时态,再根据时态来确定动词结构.②根据文章或句子的语境来判断动作是发生在过去、现在、还是将来;要注意语段中各种 时态的穿插.③根据同一个句子中时态的一致性,分析句子中其他动词形式来确定句子的时态.④根据复合句中主句和从句的时态关系来确定正确的时态.例如:在含有条件句的复合句 中,主从句要遵循“主将从现"原则.【中考命题方向】对于一般将来时的考查,多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活 运用时态的能力.在考试中,会让大家判断是否该用一般将来时,以及如何正确使用.补全 对话中的时态也为一大重点,常考时态:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时.因此,学 生在做考题时应注重时态,问与答的时态一定要一致,学生练题时一定要注意时态细节 4.现在进行时【概念】(1)现在进行时现在进行时表示正在进行或正在发生的动作或状态;也表示当前一段时间内一直从事的动 作.(2)概念点拨现在:动作发生的时间是"现在进行性:动作目前的状态是"正在进行中持续性:当前一段时间内持续进行的动作.【结构】(1)现在进行时的构成:主语+be+动词ing (现在分词)形式.①第一人称+am+doing+sth, I am doing my homework.②第二人秘(+are+doing +sth, We are waiting for you.③第三人称+is+doing+sth, Mr. Green is writing another novel.(2)现在分词变化规则:①直接+ ing.②去e+ing.③重读闭音节,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母+ing.④特殊变化:die - dying, lie Tying, tie - tying.⑤不规则变化.【用法】(1)表示现在正在进行的动作或发生的事.例:Look! The student in front you with her friends happily. ( )A. is talking B. are talking C. is talk D. are talk分析:看,你前面的学生正跟她的朋友开心地聊天.解答:A,由Look!一词可知此处应该使用现在进行时态,又主语为The student为单数, 因此be动词用is.故选A.点评:熟练掌握现在进行时态与主语单复数是答题要领.(2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事.例:Joan can't join us. She for the lesson she will have next week.A. prepares B. will prepare C. is preparing D. prepared分析:琼不能加入我们,她正在准备下周要上的课.解答:C.现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作,其构成是:am/is/are+现在分词.根据"Joan cant join us. ”琼不能加入我们,结合给出的四个选项,因此可知这句话的意思是"琼不能加入我 们,她正在准备下周要上的课.”故选C.点评:首先要掌握这个句子的意思,然后结合具体的题目,就可以确定正确答案.(3)表示某个按最近的计划或安排将要进行的动作,或即将开始/结束的动作.常用的这类 的词有:go, leave, come, arrive, land, meet, move, return, start, stay, stop, do, dine, give, have, pay, join, punish, spend, sleep, take, change, fly, work, wear, see, lunch, play 等.例:-Jack, Fm worried. You don't know the way.-Don't worry, mum. Mr. Green me at the airport. ( )A. met B. was meeting C. is meeting D. has met分析:--杰克,我很担心,你不知道路.--别担心,妈妈.格林先生在机场接我.解答:C.根据Mr. Green me at the airport.可知一些"位移动词"的现在进行时可以表将来的动作.常见的有leave, go, come等,这里句子说的是现在的情况,应该用现在进行时,现 在进行时的构成be+Ving.选项B是过去进行时.故选C.点评:首先要掌握这个句子的意思,然后结合具体的题目,就可以确定正确答案.(4)动作动词的进行时与always, forever, continually, constantly等连用,表示重复的动 作,这种动作可能使人感到不满、厌倦或觉得不合情理,有时表示赞赏、满意.例:Tom is always coming late for class.汤姆上课总是迟到.He's constantly changing his mind.他老是改变主意.The man is always boasting.那人老爱吹牛.The students are making progress constantly.学生们在不断进步.【易混淆点】现在进行时与一般现在时:(1)这两个时态都与现在有关,现在进行时指现在此刻或现在这一时期内正在进行的动作, 强调暂时性、不稳定性.而一般现在时表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作或现在的状态,强调 长期性、稳定性.She is going to school now.(现在此刻正在发生的动作)She usually goes to school at seven o'clock.(经常性、习惯性动作)(2)现在进行时最容易出现错误的地方在动词的现在分词形式,我们在复习的时候要特别 注意不规则动词的变化形式.【解题方法点拨】①根据时间状语确定时态,如:now. at the moment.②根据关键词判断时态,如:look, listen.③根据语境判断句子时态.【中考命题方向】对于现在进行时的考查,多以单选、句型转换、语法填空或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体 语境中灵活运用时态的能力.在考试中,现在分词的构成是易错的地方,也是考试的重点部 分.在平时训练中应该应注重现在分词构成的细节问题.5 .过去进行时【概念】(1)过去进行时过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动 作.如:I was having a talk with Li Hua at that time.那时,我正在跟李华谈话.I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我一直在看电视.(2)概念点拨:发生在过去:指动作发生在过去某个时间.进行性:指动作正在进行.【结构】(1)过去进行时由"主语+was/were +现在分词"构成.例: We were having supper when the phone rang.我们正在吃晚饭时响了.(2)过去进行时的否定式由"was/were not +现在分词"构成.例: This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. He was repairing his bike. 昨天这个 时候,杰克不是在看电视,而是在修理自行车.(3)过去进行时的疑问式由"was/were +主语+现在分词"构成例: Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon?昨天下午四点你们在打篮球 吗?【用法】①过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作.如:He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看书时睡着了.②过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似,过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩,也通常与always, forever, continually等副词连用.如:They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架.③常用的时间状语 this morning, the whole morning, all day > yesterd ay, from nine toten last evening. when. while > at that time, . just now. a moment ago.【易混淆点】过去进行时与一般过去时的区分:(1 )一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成,而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成.(延 续性动词)She wrote a letter to her friend last night.她昨晚给朋友写了封信.(信写完了)She was writing a letter to her friend last night.她昨晚一直在给朋友写信.(信不一定写完) (2)一般过去时表示只做一次动作,而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行.(短暂性动词)She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手.(3)句中有a moment ago之类的笼统的时间短语一般用一般过去时.(4)句中有at this time last Sunday. from 8 to 9 yesterday之类的具体的时间状语一般用过 去进行时.【解题方法点拨】①根据时间状语确定时态.②根据语境判断句子时态.如:动作发生的背景表示过去正在进行的动作,就用过去进行 时.③根据复合句中的宾语从句.如:含有when引导的宾语从句的复合句中,主句往往用过去 进行时.【中考命题方向】对于过去进行时的考查,多以单选、词语运用或完形填空的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活 运用时态的能力.在考试中,会让大家判断是否该用过去进行时.6 .现在完成时【概念】(1)现在完成时:①过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.到现在为止已经发生或完成的动作.②表示过去发生的、持续到现在的动作或状态.(2)概念点拨:①影响性:指过去的某个动作对现在造成的影响或结果.②持续性:指从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态,还有可能继续延续下去.【结构】现在完成时的结构:have / has +过去分词.例:①He has seen the film several times.这部电影他已看了好几次.②I have known her for a long time.我认识她很长时间 了.句中的has seen和have known均为现在完成时,第一句属影响性用法,其影响是"他对 电影内容非常熟悉了";第二句属持续性用法,指"认识她"已持续了很长一段时间.【用法】(1)影响性用法实例分析:① .I have lost my pen.我把钢笔丢了.根据句意可知,“丢钢笔”这个动作发生在过去,同时也在过去已经完成,但这个在过去发生 和完成的动作对现在有影响f我现在无钢笔用,或我得去买支新的.② . We have finished the work.我们已把工作干完了.显然"完成工作"这个动作发生在过去,同时也在过去己经完成,但这个在过去发生和完成的 动作对现在有影响f我们可以休息了,或可以回家了,或可以做别的事了.(2)持续性用法实例分析:①.I've waited a week for your answer.等你的答复我已等了一个星期.根据句意可知,"等"这个动作发生在过去,但它在过去并没有完成,而是一直等到现在,己 持续了一个星期.②. We have lived here quite a number of years.我们在这里住了很多年了.根据句意可知,"住在这儿”是从过去开始的,但它在过去并没有完成,而是一直等到现在, 已持续了好几年.【易混淆点】(1)现在完成时和一般过去时的区别:它们的动作都是发生在过去,不同之处在于,说话者是否强调这个影响:①如果强调对现 在的影响,就用现在完成时;②如果不强调对现在的影响,而是强调动作发生的过去时间, 就用一般过去时.体会下面的句子:①.I've washed the car.我已经洗过车了.(车现在是干净的)②.I washed the car yesterday.我洗了车子.(强调车子昨天洗的)第一句用的是现在完成时,它强调的是洗车对现在的影响一车现在是干净的;第二句用的是 一般过去时,它不强调洗车对现在的影响,只表明车昨天洗过,至于它现在是否干净说话人 并不关心.(2) have been to 和 have gone to 的区别:①have been to表示曾经去过某地,但现在不在那儿.②have gone to表示现在已去某地,现在不在这儿.例:Have you ever been to Greece? 你去过希腊吗?The Smiths have gone to Canada for a holiday.史密斯全家都到加拿大度假去了.③与表示次数的once, twice, three times等连用时,只能用have been to,不能用havegone to.例:She has been to Europe twice. 她到欧洲去过两次.④have been to除可后接地点表示去过某地外,有时还可以接表示活动的名词,表示去参加 过某种活动,或接动词原形(尤其是动词see),表示去做过某事.如: She's just been to a party.她刚参加一个晚会回来.He has never been to see me since I have bee。