wordBP Debate Demonstration辩论示X赛文字稿辩题：All_Chinese_citizens_should_be_required_to_donate_organs_after_death.【注：涂黄色、蓝色等彩色局部为观点要点或辩论知识点或段落起承转合处PRIME MINISTERIn the status quo,there is a problem with the amount of readily available organs in China.We, as the opening government, have found the best solution in order to provide the most amount of the transplantable organs to Chinese citizens. The resolution given to us today was all Chinese citizens should be required to donate their organs after death. My partner and I have e up with some definitions to further clarify this round. Our first definition is death.We define it as both brain and cardiac death. Our second definition is organs. We define it as differentiated structures, such as the heart, liver, kidneys and eyes. However, we are excluding ligaments[系带, 纽带; 韧带] and skin. We’d also like to interpret this motion for you today. One, as in we are only going to focus this round to just mainland China, and on the following organs, heart, liver, kidneys and eyes. Our model for you today is as follows. ID cards will be carried by Chinese citizens, and they would be changed to include the basic medical information, such as their blood type and any diseases or infections[传染, 传染病] that would render their organs not usable.POI:-Can I ask a question? -Yeah.-When you say cardiac and brain death, do you mean either or occurring at the same time?-In our definitions, we assess it to both under our plan in which a person must be both brain and cardiac dead before we harvest their organs.To continue on with my model, we also have decided that upon determination of brain and cardiovascular death, doctors and hospitals will be allowed to harvest the organs from all Chinese citizens. Furthermore, we’d also like to state that all Chinese organs donated will go directly to Chinese citizens. Harvested organs in these Chinese hospitals will only go to the Chinese citizens and will not go to the International market. So my first argument today is that organs will be more readily available.I’d like to pare the status quo to our plan. The status quo currently has a volunteering system for organ donation, which is not acceptive because there’re not enough organs for all the Chinese citizens that need transplants. POI:-Not at this time.(to the girl) Yeah.(to the boy)-OK,since your goal is to saving of lives, how do you address the fact that waiting for cardiac death makes the harvest organs very difficult, especially hearts?-We don’t see our plan as any more difficult, because under the status quo and under our plan it’s the same.However, the difference between the status quo and our plan is that we will be providing more viable hearts for transplants, which leads to more people surviving.So we see our plan as saving more lives. To continue with my parison of the status quo to the plan.Our government model uses a mandatory system in which Chinese citizens must donate their organs after brain and cardiac death, which will lead to a higher supply of organs that will be available to Chinese citizens who need transplants. Now I’d like to discuss the cause that’ll affect the relationship. The current volunteering policy provided an insufficient number of transplantable organs to Chinese citizens. There’re currently about 300,000 people on the list for organ transplants and they share only 10,000 people would be approved. Now there are too many people dying because of the lack of organs.Not at this time(POI). Because there are not enough organs that people need under the current system, our plan of required donation will help provide better access to organ transplants because there will be more harvested organs which will be more easily acceptable. Not at this time(POI).Our mandatory system will improve people’s lives because more people will be able to get the necessary organ transplants and this will help prolong their lives. Furthermore, one body organs can provide 8 lives. We see this as extremely beneficial which is why our plan solved for the problem of people dying. So there’s a value of getting more organs. The status quo leads to lack of access which leads more people to die easily. About 500,000 people die each year from lack of transplants. With the government’s mandatory system, more people will be able to get transplants, which will reduce the 500,000 people that die each year. And this will improve the quality of life,and it will improve the longevity of life.So to conclude the speech for today, I’ve discussed the benefits of the mandatory system that my partner and I have decided upon today. And I’ve also discussed the absolute harm of the status quo because it does not provide enough organs for people to be surviving.My partner today will further analyze the model and he will tell us two things: one of which—how the black market does already exist, however, under our plans the black market will be reduced; secondly he’ll be discussing how the government modelwill limit the economic incentive for organ donation. So because of the benefits that my partner and I’s model under the government teamprovides,and how I‘ve discussed the harms of the status quo, I strongly affirm my argument that all Chinese citizens should be required to donate their organs after death. Thank you.LEADER OF THE OPPOSITIONThank you. In today’s debate, what we see is that the government attempts to present a model that is mandatory to solve the problem of the lack of available organs. They say that as an opposition, we continue under the status quo of having voluntary organ donations. We proudly support our model of having voluntary organ donations as being better than the government’s plan of requiring mandatory organ donations. In my speech, I will emphasize two points. The first one being that under the government’s plan, the black market will still continue, the second one being the government’s plan will incentivize Chinese citizens to illegally donate their organs.Under my first point, under the government’s plan we will still see the black market for organs continue in China.The government is slow in administering the process and the pairing of organs that have been donated will be inefficient.This means that there will be people both…there will be people in China who do not wish to receive an organ from the government plan. They will be looking for an alternative that is faster and that alternative is the black market. The second part of this is that currently China is an international destination for organ transplants. People from across the world have e to China to seek organs that they can’t get in their home country, and they know that the black market is a place where they can purchase it. As a result, under… for these two reasons, the government’s plan does not eliminate the black market.Yes.-POI: But won’t the black market reduce because that the availability can’t provide?It will not because we will see a continued supply of organs for the market which will be my second point.The plan doesn’t change the status quo. The requiring of mandatory organ donation will not cause the black market to be eliminated. And as a result, this will allow for China to continue to be this destination for organ donation.Onto my second point, the government’s plan will incentivize for Chinese citizens to sell their organs to the black market before they die in order to help their families. The government’s plan mandates that Chinese citizens，when they die，will donate their organs. This means that no matter what every Chinese citizen must donate their organs under no conditions or they die and have their body stay intact. This leaves two options for Chinese citizens. The first one, they can die and then wait for the government to e harvest their organs to be put into their program. The second option that we think that will bee more mon because of the government’s plan is these Chinese citizens will have an incentive to sell non-vital organs to the black market before they die in order to be able to provide financial support for their families.Yes.-POI: We see that in a lot of countries that have mandatory opt-out systems, there isn’t this massive black market of people selling their organs out before they die.We agree. We think that the reason that we see this in those countries is because they can’t opt out. However, in the government’s plan, all Chinese citizens must donate organs and cannot opt out. As a result, they will be incentivized to sell their organs to the black market.-No thank you. (POI)I want to throw up an example that will show why the government’s plan is so negative in this situation. A Chinese elderly grandmother who sees her children and grandchildren in poverty will now look at the government’s plan and know that if she dies, her organs will be harvested. She will now be encouraged by the government’s plan that by selling her organs to the black market, she can provide support for her family and help them through her death. As a result, we are pushing Chinese citizens to go to these black markets to sell their organs and to undergo very dangerous situations to have your organs harvested while your are still alive. But the black market is not safe. It is not sanitary. And the government’s plan is going to push these Chinese citizens who just wish to help their family to enter into this market and support this underground and illegal activity. As a result, we are seeing that the government，while they are trying to create more availability to organs，is actually negatively impacting the situation that they wish to alleviate. The black market is going to continue. The government plan doesn’t eliminate the black market. All of the things that make it exist today is the fact that currently there is a way for people with money in China to get organs when they need them while with the government’s plan they would have to wait until the system pairs them with the organ. Also, as I said before, the fact that international people have been ing to China to receive organs makes it so that under the government’s plan we will still have that continue. They do not address that point and do not explain how their plan will eliminate this demand that exists currently in the status quo.The next point I want to emphasize is this idea that the government thinks that people won’t be able to look at the situation and see that there isn’t other alternatives for them.Under the government’s plan, we will see that the situations for these Chinese citizens is actually worse than the one in the status quo.The government’s plan not only does not solve the problems that they are seeking to alleviate, they actually worsen them for the Chinese people. And that is something that, as an opposition, we feel is wrong and cannot be allowed as a result of today’s debate,and for all those reasons we are proud to post. Thank you.DEPUTY PRIME MINISTERAt the beginning of this round, our prime minister did an excellent job establishing a solid model that I’d like to import to you to vote on today. So in this speech, I’d like to elaborate not only on the benefits that the government’s model provides to citizens and people who are receiving the organs, but also the overall benefits that these plans will in fact provide to the society.But first, I need to address some points of rebuttal regarding the case that the opposition has presented. So, the opposition has said that the black market will continue to exist under the government’s plan.They said that this is a result of the current wait time that are implicit of the state quo, the wait time that are currently existed when people seek to get a organ in this voluntary system.However, what the opposition has failed to do thus far is demonstrating how these wait times are worse in the government’s plan. And until they do this, they have not given you any reason to vote me on opposition, because they do not demonstrate how our world is worse with these wait times. But ultimately we will see is that ... The effects will be quite the opposite —— that these wait times effects won’t be less in the government world. This is primarily because in the government world there will be a larger abundance of organs available for people who need these transplants. That’s because there will be more organs, it will be easier to get to these individuals who need to receive organs and thus make the whole system just more efficient.-Yes.-POI: The flaw of your causal relationship is that the supply of the black market is still going to increase creating the demand of the black market because you won’t be getting more organs donated because people will try to sell them before they die.Quite the opposite. Because there is an implicit difference between demand for organs from a government institution and demand for organs from the black market. And that there is kind of a stigma with the black market that it is not as safe when you are receiving a transplant, perhaps in an alleyway, as suppose where you can receive an organ transplant in an institution like a hospital. It’s cruel that people have a higher demand for organs from these hospitals, and from these government agencies are supposed go to the black market that you are referring to. So next I’d like to moving to our points of constructive... Er.. Our constructive points today. The first of which is that required organ donation in fact limits the black market.So first I’d like to analysis the key differences between the state quo and our government’s model. Before this, I’ll take a POI.-POI: How does your model reduce the number of people who are going to sell their organs, and thus having them forcibly donated by the government upon their death?Well, because people still won’t necessarily want to donate their organs before they die. I know I don’t want to give my heart unless I have to. Thus people will only wait and until they pass away under the government’s plan which will have effectively achieved all the benefits we are lucubrating.So moving on to the point that required organ donations do effect the black market. So in the status quo, we are currently working under a voluntary system, where you have to go through a meticulous process of opting out having your organs donated. As proposed as a government proposed model, in which it will be budgetary upon death, now the key difference here is effected under this government’s model, we see many key consequences that are ultimately beneficial. For example, a mandatory system contributes perfectly to the black market. In that, organs are simply in matter of deficit under the current system. We do not have enough organs to give to everybody. There are more people demanding organs than there are organs to be given. Thus if we require that all Chinese citizens donate their organs after their death, then we will see an abundance of organs and surplus of organs that they can be distributed by the government. This will ultimately reduce the demand and reduce the incentives for Chinese citizens to turn to the black market as a source of organs. In recent news we’ve seen numerous instances of people in fact being attacked in the harvest of their organs because there is deficit in the state quo. Sorry, not now. This will be changed in the government’s plan primarily because of the abundance of organs that will be resorted in any other mandatory donation system. So this will ultimately reduce the demand of organs from the black market system. And by doing this we will actually be legitimizing使 合法化 the health care system, we will be incentivizing Chinese citizens to incite激励 territory government and institutions and get their organs through the health care system. This will ultimately improve the safety of citizens. These organ transplants that occur under the government’s system are much safer. As well as ensuring the citizens and society in general, the day that do not have to live in fear that their organs will be harvested by strangers. Our second point today is that the government’s plan limits the incentive for organ donation. The opposition stood up earlier today and demonized the idea that we are pelling lower society economic groups to donate their organs as a means for economic gain. But the government’s plan solves for this. This is a point that actually..eh... It should be given to the government. This is primarily because people in the state quo’ s system have a large economic incentive to donate their organs, whereas under the government’s plan, in a mandatory system, there will be less economic incentive to do so, because of the abundance of organs that are available. And what it ultimately does, is it prevents the … of these lower social economic groups. When they feel unjustly pelled to donate their organs as a means of ine, a choice that no Chinese citizen should ever be forced to make. So ultimately today, what we say is that the government plan is indeed the favorable plan. Primarily because we have demonstrated more net benefits from, for a minute, and because one, it will limit the black market. And two, it will reduce the very economic incentive for organs donation that the opposition demonizes. Thank you. DEPUTY LEADER OF OPPOSITIONThe death of individuals due to the lack of available donated organs is very tragic. But the government model uniquely harms Chinese people and those ways leading for legal donation. I’ll begin by giving one new point, your new arguments and moving to two points of reputation on the governments’ case. The new argument that I’d like to bring up has to do specifically with the government’s plan. The plan requires that a citizen be dead cardio vasculyin order to have their heart organs donated. Waiting until both cardio vascular and brain death makes organs unusable. Most organs beside the liver and kidney and eyes cannot be harvested after cardiac death – especially hearts. Also, cardiac death length towards harvesting organs from people who are advanced in age. And most organs of those people are unusable. The government model removes the system or removes the ability for their debil system or people are able to sign up for voluntary donation and will be able to specify that they would like their organs donated after brain death instead of after cardiac vascular death. Because of the governments’ plan, this will reduce the potential for certain number types of organs like hearts and lungs to be included in the donation course. The chance of harvesting useful organs after cardiac death and saving the lives of people the government cares so much about is drastically reduced by the strict government regulation of the process suggested.Now we moving to two points of reputation on this. The first point will be that the government says that the plan will get rid of the economic disparity in organ transplants. But the plan actually increases the economic incentive for black market organ donation because if you are going to lose your organs anyway, you might as well sell them while you are still alive. And many needed organs will not be available because of the governments’ definition of death. The government will not be able to harvest enough hearts and lungs after cardiac death in order to meet the demand. People will be more likely to go to the black market to sell their organs prior to their death and, alternatively, people are more likely to be accosted for their organs that are now pletely unavailable through the government program. So the government side drastically damages the number of people that we could be saving.Now, for my second point of reputation, the government claims that more organs will be available to those who need them. But actually, either available organs will not increase or the distribution will not improve. Because the black market。