2022年高中人教版英语必修一教学案：Unit 4 Section Ⅱ(含答案)一、这样记单词记得准·写得对记得快·记得多Ⅰ.基础词汇1.earthquaken． 地震2.burstvi. 爆裂；爆发n. 突然破裂；爆发3.millionn. 百万4.eventn. 事件；大事5.ruinn. 废墟；毁灭vt. 毁灭；使破产6.destroyvt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭7.rescuen．&vt. 援救；营救8.trapvt. 使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境9.disastern. 灾难；灾祸10.buryvt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏11.sheltern. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.nationn．民族；国家；国民→national adj.国家的；全国性的2.sufferingn．苦难；痛苦→suffer v．遭受3.extremeadj.极度的→extremely adv.极端地；很；非常地4.injurevt.损害；伤害→injury n．伤害；侮辱5.uselessadj.无用的；无效的；无益的→useful adj.有用的→use n．用途6.shockv．(使)震惊；震动→shocked adj.震惊的；震撼的→shocking adj.令人震惊的1.“自然灾害”相关单词一览①disaster n． 灾难；不幸②earthquake n. 地震③drought n. 旱灾；干旱④flood n. 洪水⑤haze n. 雾霾2.必记的数字①ten n. 十②hundred n. 百③thousand n. 千④million n. 百万⑤billion n. 十亿3.“less”后缀的形容词归纳①useless 无用的②helpless 无助的③homeless 无家可归的④harmless 无害的⑤jobless 失业的⑥endless 无尽的4.加后缀er变名词的相关单词①mine→miner n．矿工②report→reporter n．记者③suffer→sufferer n．受难者④settle→settler n．移居者5.rescue→save(近义词)二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.right_away 立刻；马上2．as_if仿佛；好像3．at_an_end结束；终结4．in_ruins严重受损；破败不堪5．dig_out掘出；发现6．a_(great)_number_of许多；大量的7．cut_across穿过；贯穿；抄近路8．blow_away把……刮走1.think little of 不重视；对……评价不高2．as usual 和往常一样3．rescue workers救援工人4．e out of the cracks从裂缝中出来5．look for places to hide寻找藏身之处6．in the farmyard 在庭院里7．fall down 掉落下来8．to the north of the city在该城市的北方三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！It seems/looks as if ...看起来好像……。
It seemed as_if_he_knew_everything that happened last night.他好像知道昨晚发生的一切2.Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿leave sb.＋宾补 ...使某人处于……What you said left_us_lost_in_thought.你说的话使我们陷入沉思3.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了everywhere连词，意为“无论哪里”，引导状语从句Everywhere_she_goes,_she receives a warm wele.无论走到哪里，她都受到热烈欢迎4.All hope was not lost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了all ... not＝not all ...，为部分否定Not_all people can understand what you say.＝All people can not understand what you say.并不是所有人都能理解你说的话。
1．(教材P25)Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.想象一下你的家开始摇晃，你必须马上离开right away立刻；马上right now立刻；马上突然哭起来/笑起来at onceimmediatelyin no time①You don’t look well. You’d better go and see a doctor right away.你脸色不好，最好赶紧去看看医生吧②He didn’t answer my question right_away/right_now/immediately,_which made me very upset.他没有马上回答我的问题，这使我很伤心2．(教材P26)In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管出现裂缝并爆裂开来burst vi.爆裂；爆发；突然迸发；冲；闯n.突然破裂；爆发(1)v.(burst, burst)(使)爆裂；胀开①Water pipes often burst in cold weather.水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。
2)v.猛冲；闯；突然……起来突然哭起来/笑起突然哭起来/笑起来(1)burst into tears/laughterburst out crying/laughing(2)burst in/into 闯进；突然破门而入②On hearing the news, Mary burst into laughter while Lucy burst out crying (cry)．一听到这则消息，玛丽突然大笑起来，而露西则突然大哭起来③When we were chatting in the room, he burst_in.当我们正在房间里谈话时他闯进来了3)n.突然破裂；爆发；突发；迸发a burst of laughter/applause/anger一阵大笑/一阵喝彩声/一阵发怒④There was a_burst_of_laughter in the room when I passed by.我经过时，房间里传来一阵笑声3．(教材P26)It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！at an end结束；终结at the end of 在……末端by the end of 到……为止(用于完成时)in the end 最后；终于①As far as I know, their friendship was at an end.据我所知，他们的友谊结束了。
②When the journey was at_an_end,_everybody felt tired and hungry.当旅程结束时，大家觉得又累又饿③By_the_end_of this week, I will have finished most of the work.到本周末为止，我将会完成大部分工作4．(教材P26)In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市成为了废墟ruin n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产(1)be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁灭fall into ruin 成为废墟；毁了(2)ruin one’s hope 使某人的希望破灭ruin oneself 自我毁灭①Ever since the earthquake, this temple has been in ruins.自从地震以来，这座寺庙一直是废墟一片②A large number of buildings fell_into_ruin after the earthquake.地震后，许多建筑都毁了。
③Heavy smoking ruins_your_health,_so you should give up smoking.吸烟过量损害你的健康，因此你应该戒烟5．(教材P26)Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.他们当中三分之二的人在地震中死去或受伤injure vt.损害；伤害(1)injured adj. 受伤的；受委屈的the injured 伤员(2)injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害do an injury to sb. 伤害某人①Believe it or not, what you said just now injured his pride.信不信由你，你刚才说的话伤了他的自尊②He injured_his_left_leg when playing football.他踢足球时左腿受了伤③He was_injured (injure) when he was cycling along the valley.沿着山谷骑自行车时，他受伤了。
④The injured (injure) were sent to hospital shortly after the accident.事故后不久伤员被送往医院6．(教材P26)People were shocked.人们惊呆了 shock vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动n.休克；打击；震惊(1)be a shock to ... 使……吃惊(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的be shocked at/by 对……吃惊be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃惊(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的①His situation was a great shock to us all.他的处境使我们大家都大为震惊②We are shocked (shock) that so many people were injured or died in the earthquake.我们感到震惊的是，如此多的人在地震中伤亡③I was shocked to_hear (hear) that our factory would have to close.听说我们工厂将被迫关闭，我非常震惊。
④The news of his sudden death is so shocking that everyone is very much shocked at it.(shock)他突然死亡的消息如此令人震惊，以至于每个人听到时都感到很震惊7．(教材P26)Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下面rescue n．&vt. 援救；营救e to/go to sb.’s rescue ＝ rescue sb. 援救某人rescue ... from ... 把……从……营救出来①Have you read the article about the rescue of the two miners?你读过关于营救两个矿工的那篇文章吗？②At midnight we finally rescued_the_tourists who were trapped in the valley.午夜时，我们终于救出了被困在山谷中的游客③When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers came to our rescue.当我们被困在废墟中时，士兵们赶来救援。
trap vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境(1)be trapped in 困在……中；陷在……中trap sb. into (doing) sth. 诱使某人做某事(2)set a trap for 给……设圈套fall into a trap 落入圈套/陷阱①When travelling they were trapped in the mountain, waiting to be rescued.旅行时，他们被困在山上，等待救援②The police trapped him into telling the truth.警察设圈套使他讲出实情③If you choose this way, you’re likely to_fall_into_a_trap.如果你选择这条路，你很有可能会落入圈套8．(教材P26)The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。
bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸；使专心(1)bury ... in ... 把……埋到……里bury one’s face in hands 双手掩面埋头于；专心于；沉浸于(2)be buried inbury (oneself) in ①She buried her face in her hands and wept.她掩面而泣②Ever since he moved there, he has_been_buried (bury) in his research work.自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作③Buried (bury) in his study, he didn’t know that all the others had left.他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了9．(教材P27)Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.造成如此多的人员死亡是因为地震发生时人们正在睡觉a (great) number of许多；大量的①A great number of new factories have been set up in my hometown.我的家乡建立了许多新工厂。
[辨析比较] a number of, the number ofa number of很多；许多在number之前可加large, small, great等表示程度的词a number of只修饰可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式the number of……的数目后接可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式②A number of people were_killed (kill) in the earthquake. We don’t know exactly the number of them.许多人在地震中死去我们不知道确切的死亡人数③As you can see, the number of cars on the roads keeps (keep) rising these days.正如你所见，目前道路上汽车的数量在不断增加1．It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！as if ＝ as though“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气。
2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气①如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时②如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”③如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”①Look at the clouds in the sky! It looks as if it is going to rain.看看天上的云彩！看起来要下雨②He treats me as if I were (be) his own daughter.他待我就像他的亲生女儿一样③They talked as if/though they had_been (be) friends for years.他们谈起话来就像多年的老朋友2．All hope was not lost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了该句是表示部分否定的句型all ... not ... ＝ not all ...，意为“并非所有的……都……”当not与all， both， everyone， everybody， everything以及“every＋名词”出现在同一个句子中时，不管not在它们之前还是之后都表示部分否定。
①Every boy is not interested in sports.＝Not every boy is interested in sports.并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动②As far as I know, not both of them smoke.＝As far as I know, both of them don’t smoke.据我所知，他们俩不都抽烟[名师点津] 当表示完全否定意义时，英语中常用no, none, nobody, nothing, no one, neither等词与谓语动词的肯定式连用来表达③None of us was allowed to go there.我们全都不被允许去那里Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．He was_trapped (trap) in the traffic jam and felt helpless.2．It was a shocking story, and we all got shocked.(shock)3．Burying (bury) himself in the newspaper, he didn’t notice what was happening.4．Years of fighting have left the city in ruins (ruin); it would take a lot of money to rebuild it.5．Five passengers were_injured (injure) in the traffic accident and they have all been taken to the nearest hospital.6．The boy walked in as if he had_bought (buy) the whole school.7．The firefighters came here right away to_rescue (rescue) those trapped in the burning building.8．I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.9．A number of teachers are present today, the number of whom is 300.(be)10．He is ill. You should call in a doctor right away.Ⅱ.一句多译1．并非每个人都喜欢骑自行车上班。
①Not_everyone_is_fond_of_cycling to work.②Everyone_isn’t_fond_of_cycling to work.2．他们如此感动以至于大哭起来burst)①They were so moved that they_burst_into_tears.②They were so moved that they_burst_out_crying.3．他埋头于工作，不知道何时下起了雨bury)①Buried (bury) in his work, he didn’t know when it began to rain.②Burying (bury) himself in his work, he didn’t know when it began to rain.③He was_buried_in_his_work,_and he didn’t know when it began to rain.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Don’t leave the lights on. It wastes electricity (电)．2．Leaving home was a major event (事件) in his life.3．This is one of the worst natural disasters (灾难) ever to hit the area.4．Will the clothing give protection against extreme (极度的) cold?5．The balloon suddenly burst (爆裂) when I was blowing it up.6．Jack had to drop out of the race because his foot was seriously injured (受伤) halfway.7．The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were pletely destroyed (破坏)．8．In order to catch the bear, some villagers set a trap (陷阱) and covered it with some leaves.9．After learning that the boys had been lost for almost 20 hours, the police sent out a rescue (营救) team to look for them.10．After the woman heard that her husband was killed in the car accident, she went into shock (休克)．Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Death finally brought an end to her suffering (suffer)．2．It’s useless (use) trying to talk to her because she never listens.3．We were warned not to talk to reporters (report)．4．The coal miners (mine) were working underground in unfortable conditions.5．When food goes bad, it bees smelly (smell)．6．Two players are out of the team because of injury (injure)．7．This coat is dirty (dirt), so I’ll take it to the cleaner’s.8．They were extremely (extreme) sad at the thought of their missing dog.9．With more forests destroyed (destroy), huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.10．When she heard about the news that her father had died, she burst out crying (cry)．Ⅲ.选词填空be trapped in， in ruins， be buried in， a number of， burst into， burst out， right away， at an end， dig out1．The exhibition was so interesting that a_number_of people came to visit it.2．It was reported that an American couple had dug_out a lot of gold coins from their own yard.3．Buried_in thought, she didn’t notice the water was boiling.4．There is a man who is badly injured in a car accident. Please call 120 right_away.5．The city lay in_ruins after the earthquake. Now, rows of houses are being built.6．One minute she burst_into laughter, and the next she burst_out crying — we just couldn’t understand her mood at any moment.7．They are_trapped_in the burning building. Please call 119 right away.8．The war which lasted for years was at_an_end.Ⅳ.课文语法填空Strange things happened 1.before Tangshan Earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. A 2.smelly (smell) gas came out of them. The water pipes cracked and burst. At 3：42 3.on the morning of July 28, 1976, everything began to shake. 4.It seemed as if the world was at an end. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of 5.dirt (dirty). Soon the whole city lay in 6.ruins (ruin). Many people died or were 7.injured (injure). Everything in the city was destroyed. People were 8.shocked (shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those 9.who were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for 10.survivors (survive). Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly the city began to breathe again.Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达地震之后，无论走到哪里，我们都能看见一切都已经变成了废墟(in ruins)，好像世界到了末日(at an end)。
并不是所有的东西都被毁了(用部分否定)令我们欣慰的是，许多(a number of)人并没有丧失信心他们立刻(right away)前来救援(rescue)，救出了一些困在(trap)废墟中的人，并掩埋(bury)死者在灾难(disaster)面前，他们是如此善良和乐于助人以至于他们非常愿意帮助那些处于困境的人因此我们再怎么表扬他们也不为过(can’t think too highly of)After_the_earthquake,_wherever_we_went,_we_found_everything_lay_in_ruins._It_seemed_as_if_the_world_was_at_an_end._However,_not_all_were_destroyed_and_to_our_relief,_a_great_number_of_people_didn’t_lose_heart._They_came_to_the_rescue_right_away,_saved_some_people_who_were_trapped_under_the_ruins,_and_buried_the_dead._They_were_so_kind_and_helpful_that_they_were_too_willing_to_help_those_in_trouble_in_the_face_of_disasters,_so_we_can’t_think_too_highly_of_them.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧Ⅰ.完形填空There are three important things to be considered when choosing a job.First, you have to __1__ that you will probably be doing this job for many years. So you need to decide whether it is something you are __2__ to do for a long period of time. __3__， if you don’t like children, you shouldn’t choose a job in __4__. But if you love children and are __5__ enough to be around them all day long, then being a teacher is a good choice.The second important thing is the __6__ of work. If you __7__ to live in Southern USA, you will have to choose a job that is offered there. Similarly, an icewater fishing job would not be a(n) __8__ choice if you don’t like cold weather. __9__， what countries, cities or states will you have to travel to? Are you able to live in these places without problems, such as foods that don’t __10__ you or any other kind of problem? Some jobs require you to __11__， so you should take these things into consideration when choosing the right __12__.__13__， the advantages you will receive are another important thing to be considered. Needless to say, any employee (员工) is in need of good __14__. And you should be clear about the insurance policy of the pany you want to __15__. This is especially __16__.All these above things are of great importance __17__ you decide to take a new job. If they are carefully considered during the __18__ period, you will probably have a great __19__. So it is necessary to __20__ your long term happiness based on your job’s place and advantages.语篇解读：本文是议论文。
作者论述了找工作时需要考虑的三个要素1．A.remember B．tellC．doubt D．regret解析：选A 在选择工作时，你要“记着(remember)”这份工作你可能会做很多年2．A.sorry B．tiredC．ready D．afraid解析：选C 你得考虑好是不是已经“准备好(ready)”长时间从事这份工作了3．A.At first B．As usualC．In fact D．For example解析：选D 下文举的是一个例子，故填For example4．A.singing B．writingC．acting D．teaching解析：选D 由该空前的“if you don’t like children”及下文的“being a teacher”可知，如果你不喜欢孩子就不应该“教书(teaching)”5．A.lucky B．healthyC．patient D．proud解析：选C 如果你喜欢孩子，而且“有耐心(patient)”和他们成天待在一起，那么就可以当老师。
6．A.art B．levelC．place D．time解析：选C 由下文的“choose a job that is offered there”可知，这里是说工作“地点(place)”7．A.refuse B．wantC．happen D．fail解析：选B 如果你“想(want)”在美国南部生活，那么就应该在那里找一份工作8．A.good B．naturalC．easy D．real解析：选A 由该空后的“if you don’t like cold weather”可知，如果你不喜欢寒冷的天气，那么冰下捕鱼这样的工作就不是一个“好的(good)”选择9．A.Yet B．InsteadC．Later D．Also解析：选D 此处是并列关系，故填Also10．A.agree with B．play withC．stay with D．go with解析：选A 由该空前的“problems”可知，这里是说饭菜不“合(agree with)”你的口味。
11．A.stay B．travelC．sit D．stand解析：选B 上文提到去异地时应考虑的一些问题，故下文意思是：因为有些工作要求你去“出差(travel)”，所以在选择一份合适的“工作(job)”时，你得考虑上文提到的问题12．A.job B．personC．house D．word解析：选A 参见上题解析13．A.Slowly B．NearlyC．Finally D．Recently解析：选C 本段是文章最后一个分论点，故填Finally14．A.advice B．payC．business D．education解析：选B 任何员工都需要一份好“薪酬(pay)”15．A.create B．findC．manage D．join解析：选D 你应该搞清楚你想“加入(join)”的公司的保险政策16．A.important B．difficultC．exciting D．interesting解析：选A 了解公司的保险政策是尤其“重要的(important)”。
17．A.though B．beforeC．unless D．until解析：选B 以上所有这些问题在你决定接受一份新工作“之前(before)”都是很重要的18．A.test B．successC．decision D．practice解析：选C 由上句的decide可知该空应填decision19．A.plan B．futureC．dream D．joy解析：选B 如果这些问题都仔细考虑过了，你将可能会拥有一个美好的“未来(future)”20．A.turn to B．go throughC．put off D．think about解析：选D 你有必要去“考虑(think about)”长远的幸福Ⅱ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词删除：把多余的词用斜线([HT])划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分To show our love for poor kids lived in mountainous areas, our school hold a special activity recently in our school square. Its purpose was to making sure those poor kids have a warm winter. All the teachers and students in our school took an actively part in this activity. We gave away 478 pieces of clothes and 256 pairs of shoe altogether. After be sorted, they will be sent to those in the need. I believe what they did will make a great difference to those poor kids. Although we all learn to care for others, the world will be more fortable to live.答案：第一句：lived→living; hold→held第二句：making→make第三句：actively→active第四句：shoe→shoes第五句：第一个be→being; 去掉the第六句：they→we第七句：Although→If; live后加in。