2018年最新版 英语国家概况 谢福之一、选择题（答案在所有选择题下面）I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements. 1. The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Britain and Ireland B. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and Wales D. Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. Belfast B. Edinburgh C. Aberdeen D. Cardiff3. According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over million.A. 160 B. 600 C. 60 D. 164. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland5. Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.A. northeastern B. southeastern C. northwestern D. southwestern6. English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. Celtic B. Indo-Iranian C. Germanic D. Roman7. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words to English.A. Danish and Finnish B. Dutch and GermanC. French and Italian D. Latin and Greek8. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. Norman B. Dutch C. German D. Danish9. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of .A. grammar B. handwriting C. spelling D. pronunciation10. At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. half B. a quarter C. one third D. one fifth11. The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. Norman B. Danish C. Celtic D. Germanic12. By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic Christianity B. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic Christianity D. Roman Christianity13. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .A. St. Augustine B. Edward the ConfessorC. William the Conqueror D. Alfred the Great14. The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasion B. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman Conquest D. Adoption of common law15. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of Valois B. the House of York精选文档C. the House of Tudor D. the House of Lancaster16. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to .A. divorce his wife B. break with RomeC. support the Protestants D. declare his supreme power over the church17. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and Puritans B. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasants D. aristocrats and Christians18. was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of Rights B. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of Oxford D. Magna Carta19. The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century.A. 17th B. 18th C. 19th D. 20th20. Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century.A. 17th B. 18th C. 19th D. 20th21. The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches with the exception of the .A. judiciary B. legislature C. monarchy D. executive22. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .A. passing the bills B. advising the governmentC. political parties D. public attitude23. As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House of Commons.A. rival B. complement C. criticize D. inspect24. British Cabinet works on the principle of .A. collective responsibility B. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivism D. defending the individuals25. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .A. make decisions B. give advice C. pass bills D. supervise the Cabinet26. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. three B. four C. five D. six27. has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. Wales B. England C. Scotland D. Northern Ireland28. Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.A. single-party B. two-party C. three-party D. multi-party29. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and .A. government intervention B. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reform D. a belief in individualism精选文档30. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .A. set up the National Health Service B. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax system D. enhanced the economic development31. The British economy achieved global dominance by the .A. 1860s B. 1870s C. 1880s D.1890s32. In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.A. 1945 B. 1946 C. 1947 D. 194833. The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisis B. high inflation ratesC. large imports D. unemployment problem34. Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A. reducing child benefits B. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemployment D. lowering old age pensions35. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except .A. limiting government spending B. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemployment D. reducing inequality36. Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54% B. 64% C. 74% D.84% 37. Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except .A. the North Sea B. the English ChannelC. The sea area around Ireland D. The sea area between Britain and Ireland38. Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in the country.A. 1/3 B. 1/4 C. 1/5 D. 2/339. The car industry in Britain in mostly .A. foreign-owned B. state-owned C. joint-venture D. privately-owned40. Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growth since the end of Word War II.A. agriculture B. energy industry C. service industry D. manufacturing industry41. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the .A. 1930s B. 1940s C. 1950s D. 1960s42. About of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A. 5% B. 6% C. 7% D. 8%精选文档43. Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remaining funds from all the following sources except .A. tuition fees B. loans C. donations D. corporate contributions44. Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities.A. result in national entrance test B. A-level resultC. an interview D. school references45. To be admitted to the Open University, one need .A. some educational qualifications B. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-Advanced D. General National Vocational Qualifications46. Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big Three” with the exception of .A. The Times B. The Guardian C. The Observer D. The Daily Telegraph47. Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500 million viewers worldwide.A. feature B. drama C. documentary D. soap opera48. is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSB B. SkyTV C. BBC D. BSkyB49. Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.A. families getting together B. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s company D. families traveling overseas50. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except .A. Trooping the Color B. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing Day D. Christmas pantomime51. The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is .A. poetry B. drama C. novel D. pamphlet52. is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of Independence.”A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud” B. Don JuanC. “Preface to Lyrical Ballads” D. Prometheus Unbound53. Of Dickens’ novels, is considered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two Cities B. David CopperfieldC. Oliver Twist D. Great Expectations54. is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century.A. Robert Louis Stevenson B. John MiltonC. Joseph Conrad D. Thomas Hardy55. Of the following statements, is NOT correct in terms of Neo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.精选文档B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”.D. Treasure Island was a representative work.56. is NOT included in the modernist group.A. Oscar Wild B. Virginia WoolfC. William Butler Yeats D. T. S. Eliot57. Of the following books, was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the Obscure B. Tess of the D’UrbervillesC. Adam Bede D. The Return of the Native58. Of the following statements, is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”.B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.59. Of the following writers, is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel Beckett B. James Joyce C. William Golding D. V. S. Naipaul60. Waiting for Godot is written by .A. Samuel Beckett B. George Orwell C. William Golding D. D. H. Lawrence61. The United States has states on the continent.A. 50 B. 49 C. 48 D. 3562. The state of is the largest in area of all the states.A. Alaska B. Hawaii C. Texas D. Florida63. The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its .A. northern, east, west B. central, east, westC. southern, west, east D. western, east, west64. The largest river in the U. S. is .A. the Missouri River B. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio River D. the Colorado River65. Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located .A. in the South B. along the Pacific CoastC. in New England D. in the Midwest66. is located on the U. S. –Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.A. Yellowstone National Park B. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara Falls D. The Great Salt Lake67. The native Alaskan population includes the following except the .A. Indians B. Eskimos C. Aleuts D. Blacks68. The largest minority in the United States is the .A. Pacific Islanders B. Blacks C. Native Americans D. Asians精选文档69. The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States, particularly from .A. Europe B. Asia C. Africa D. South America 70. The characteristic of dominant American culture is .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class71. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at in .A. Jamestown, Louisiana B. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, Virginia D. Plymouth, Georgia72. Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecution in England.A. Protestants B. Puritans C. Catholics D. Christians73. The Seven Years’ War occurred between the .A. French and American Indians B. French and SpaniardsC. French and British D. British and American Indians74. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of Virginia B. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New England D. the people of the 13 colonies75. The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in .A. Concord B. Lexington C. Philadelphia D. Boston76. In May 1775, was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government.A. the First Continental Congress B. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea Party D. the Congress of Confederation77. Abraham Lincoln issued to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of Independence B. ConstitutionC. Emancipation Proclamation D. Bill of Rights78. The policy of the United States was at the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutrality B. full involvement C. partial involvement D. appeasement79. President applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A. Wilson B. Truman C. Roosevelt D. Kennedy80. The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout the terms of Presidents .A. Johnson, Nixon and Ford B. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon D. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson81. The U. S. Constitution came into effect in .精选文档A. 1787 B. 1789 C. 1791 D. 179382. The Constitution of the United States .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court83. The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution84. The following except are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes85. All the following except cannot make legislative proposal.A. the Senator B. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of State D. the President86. The following except are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders87. According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above88. The terms for a Senator and Representative are and years respectively.A. two, four B. two, three C. two, six D. six, two89. The Supreme Court is composed of justices.A. six B. seven C. eight D. nine90. The President is directly voted into office by .A. all citizens of America B. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the voters D. the senators and representatives91. America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields except .A. machinery B. automobiles C. ore D. chemicals92. The modern American economy progressed from to , and eventually, to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economy精选文档B. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93. Chartered companies were NOT granted the by the British King or Queen.A. political authority B. economic rightsC. judicial authority D. diplomatic authority94. The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of .A. George Washington B. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew Jackson D. Alexander Hamilton95. The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution” except .A. typewriter B. telephone C. electric light D. refrigerator96. President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing various programs like the following except .A. Medicare B. Food StampsC. Education Initiatives D. Unemployment Pension97. About of American crops are for export.A. half B. one third C. one fourth D. one fifth98. The following statements are all true except .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.99. is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. Ford B. General Motors C. Chrysler D. American Motors100. At present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.A. 10% B. 15% C. 20% D. 25%101. Formal education in the United States consists of , secondary and higher education.A. kindergarten B. public C. elementary D. private102. Of the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languages B. politics and business educationC. science and social studies D. music and physical education103. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of .A. Yale University B. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton University D. New York University104. Of the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.精选文档A. universities and colleges B. research institutionsC. technical institutions D. community colleges105. Of the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S. institutions.A. choosing the president B. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll106. To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits107. Of the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American President yet.A. Harvard University B. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyC. Princeton University D. Yale University108. is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington Post B. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles Times D. New York Daily News109. Of the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS) B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS)110. The National Day of the United States falls on .A. June 4th B. July 4th C. June 14th D. July 14th111. Of the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.A. Benjamin Frank。