高考英语词组正反超强背诵冲刺 一、 按大词（动词、名词）记忆look 的常用短语： look up … in查找 look sb. up and down 上下打量 look back to/ upon回顾 look upon…as把… 看作 look forward to期待 look through浏览; 看穿 take a new look呈现新面貌fear的常用短语： in fear害怕地 (be) in fear of 害怕 for fear of/ that担心；生怕concentrate 的常用短语： concentrate on 专心… concentrate one’s mind on 专心于… 类似的短语： fix one’s mind upon focus on put one’s heart into focus one’s mind onsurprise常用短语： in surprise惊讶地 to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是 be surprise at/to do/that 对某事感到惊讶表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语 1．表示动作的有： pull on put on dress dress sb 2. 表示状态的有： wear be in be dressed in have … on常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词 like care for be keen on be fond of take delight in… trouble的常用短语： have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing 在…有/没有困难 take great trouble to do 不辞辛劳做某事 put sb to the trouble of doing … 为难某人做某事 make trouble捣乱 be in (great) trouble 惹麻烦；处在困境中 help sb. out of trouble 帮某人摆脱困境end的常用短语： come to an end……结束 put an end to 结束…… on end竖起, 连续 in the end终于; 最后 end up (by) doing…以……结束 make both ends meet收支相抵表示“导致”、“由…引起”的短语： 1. 导致 cause sth. (to do) result in lead to 2. 由……引起 be caused by result from grow out of lie in表“全力以赴”的短语： do / try one’s best spare no efforts to do take great pains to do go all out to do do what somebody can (do) to do do all somebody can (do) to do direction常用短语： in (the ) direction of….朝……方向 under the direction of ...在……的指导下 follow the directions照说明去做far常用短语： far from (being)离……要求相差很远 far from +(a place)距离某地很远 far away遥远 so far 到目前为止; 那么远 as far as sb. knows/sees据某人所知 by far (最高级前,比较级后)起强调作用distance常用短语： in the distance在远处 from/ at a distance从远处 keep sb. at a distance 于某人保持一定距离 It is no distance at all.不远use常用短语： used to do过去曾经、常做 be used to doing …习惯于…… be used to do被用来做…… make good/ full use of充分利用…… come into use开始使用…… it is no use doing …干……没有用“出了什么事”的几种不同表达 What’s wrong with….? What’s the matter with…? What’s the trouble with…? What happened (to sb.) ?“众所周知”常用表达法： It is known to all that…主语从句，that不能省 As is known to all,定语从句，置于句首 We all know (that)后接宾语从句 Everyone knows (that)后接宾语从句 , which is known to all.非限定从句，置于句末表“同意某人意见”的常用短语： agree with sb. /what sb. said agree to sth. approve (of) sth. in favour of sth. be agreeable to sth. be for sth. “不同意” disagree with sb./ what sb. said object to sth. disapprove (of) sth. be against sth. sign的常用短语： sign one’s name签名 sign to sb (not) to do sth. 示意某人(不)做某事 signs of … ……的迹象would rather 与 prefer 的区别 1．宁愿做……而不做…… would rather do A than do B prefer A to B prefer to do A rather than do B 2. would rather 主语 + 过去式，表示“宁愿” eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today. should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer 主语 + 过去式，表示“比较喜欢……” eg. I should prefer you not to go there alone. OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.trap常用短语 be caught in a trap落入圈套 be led into a trap中圈套 set a trap to do sth.设圈套…… be trapped in sth.被…..所围困grow常用短语 in the grow of在….成长中 grow up长大; 成长 grow rich on靠….. 变富 grow into长成…… grow out of由…..引起/滋生出make常用短语 be made up of =consist of 由……组成 make up for弥补 be made from/ of由……造成 make up编造;组成;化妆 be made into制成…… make fun of取笑; 嘲弄 make a living 谋生supply, provide, offer 的区别： 1．表示“向某人提供某物” supply / provide sb. with sth. supply / provide sth. for sb. supply sth. to sb. offer sb. sth. 2. 表示“主动提出做某事” offer to do sth. 3. 表示“倘使”、“假如” provided / providing that = on condition that =only if 4. 表示“满足需要”supply / meet a need. supply的常用短语 in short supply 缺乏，不足 medical/military supply医疗/军用品 supplies of…许多 lack的常用短语 be lacking in sth. 在……不足 make up for the lack of 弥补……的不足 for/by/from/through lack of… 由于…不足,缺乏 have no lack of不缺damage的常用短语 do damage/harm to 对……有害 cause damage to 对……造成损害 ask for damage要求赔偿 die of 与die from 的区别 die of 表示“死于……病”或冻死、气死，或死于过度悲伤。
die of cancer/grief/hunger/anger/cold die from表示死于外伤、事故、劳累过度如： die from polluted air/overwork/sword thrustdie常用短语 die for one’s country为国捐躯 die down熄灭、平息 die off绝种、枯死 die away消逝、静下来 die a heroic death英勇牺牲 threaten常用短语 threaten sb. with sth.用……威胁某人 threaten to do…威胁做…… under the threat of…在……的威胁下 speed常用短语 speed up加速 at the speed of…以…..的速度 with great speed迅速aim常用短语 take aim at瞄准 reach an aim达到目的 aim at瞄准、针对permit与allow 的区别 表“允许做某事”或“允许某人做某事”用法基本相同。
permit/allow doing sth. permit/allow sb. to do sth. permit /allow of sth 一般在独立主格结构中表示“时间、条件等许可”，多用permit Time/Weather permitting, I’ll drop in on her. allow 还可以表示“承认”、“考虑到”例如： 1. We allow him to be wronged. 2. will take an hour to go there, allowing for traffic delays.means常用短语 by means of通过….., 靠…… by this means/ in this way用这种方法 by no means/in no case决不 by all means用一切办法keep常用短语 keep up with紧跟….. keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做 keep sb. from doing sth.阻止…..做…… keep off the grass勿踏草地 keep to the point紧扣主题 keep in touch with与……保持联系mark常用短语 make one’s mark成功、出名 be marked with标明 gain/get full marks for ……得满分seat常用短语 take one’s seat坐下 have a seat请坐 see/find sb. seated看见/发现某人坐在…. be seated就座, 坐着 seat oneself in/at/on使自己坐在…… 部分 动词+ to + doing 的用法 look forward to get down to object to devote… to… pay attention to prefer…to…give常用短语 give up放弃 give in让步\屈服 give off 散发出 give away赠送、泄漏 give rise to 引起…… give out 疲劳、用完、散发出fit常用短语 be fit for适合 keep fit/keep healthy保持健康 be fit to do 适合于….. fit in with适应…… a nice fit合身的衣服 …fit sb.某人穿….. 合身reach 常用短语 reach an agreement达成协议 reach for…伸手去拿/够…… within / out of reach够得到/够不着 reach sb’s understanding 使某人明白feed常用短语 feed sth. to sb/feed sb. on sth. 用……喂养…… be fed up of…/ be tired of…/ be bored with… 对……感到厌倦 feed on以……为食mercy常用短语 without mercy残忍地 have mercy on /upon 对……表示怜悯 at the mercy of任凭摆布 beg for mercy 乞求饶恕exist常用短语 exist in/lie in/consist in存在于…… in existence 现存的 come into existence/ come into being 形成opinion常用短语 in one’s opinion =in the opinion of sb.在某人看来 have a high/ low opinion of 对……评价高/低 give one’s opinion on 对……谈自己的看法persuade常用短语 persuade sb. to do = persuade sb. into doing 说服某人做某事 try to persuade sb. to do 试图说服某人做某事 persuade sb. to sth. 说服某人同意某事engage 常用短语 be engaged to sb. 与某人订婚 be engaged in sth. = be engaged doing sth. 忙于……, 从事某事wide 与broad 的区别 它们均可以表“宽”和“广阔的” a river 50 feet wide/ broad 指身体部位“宽肩、宽背”一般用broad, 表示 “睁大眼睛、张大嘴巴”一般用wide。
broad shoulders/ back with wide eyes open one’s mouth wide wide 还可以作副词，表示“完全、大大地” be wide awake be wide opensure常用短语 be sure of/about 对……由把握 be sure to do sth. 肯定会…… make sure + that-clause 务必……,一定要…… make sure of… 弄清楚…… experience 常用短语 have experience in… 在……有经验 be experienced in… 在……有经验pain 常用短语 take great pains to do 努力做某事 spare no pains to do 全力以赴做某事 stick 常用短语 stick to sth. 坚持…… stick …on… 粘贴…… be stuck in … 陷进…… stick no bills 请勿张贴spare 常用短语 spare money/time for 省出钱…，腾出时间 in one’s spare time 在某人业余时间 spare no efforts to do 不遗余力去做 don’t spare the opinions 不要保留意见put down的不同含义 put down (one’s knife and fork) 放下…… pit down the rebellion 镇压 put down what sb. says 记下，写下take up 的不同含义 take up a hobby 培养…… take up football 开始…… take up the work 继续…… take up…time/space 消耗,占据…… take up a post 就职 take up a song/ cry 跟着一起……habit 常用短语 form/get the habit of 养成……习惯 be in/have the habit of 有…….习惯 get into the habit of 沾染了……恶习 get rid of the habit= grow out of the habit= break away from the habit 改掉了……习惯二、 按小词（介词、副词）记忆 l．动词+about speak／talk about 谈论 think about 思考 care about 关心，对……有兴趣 bring about 引起，使发生 set about 着手，开始 come about 发生 h ear about 听说 worry about 为……担心 2．动词+away throw away 扔掉 blow away 吹走 carry away 拿走，使入迷 clear away 清除掉，消散 die away 逐渐消失,减弱 pass away 去世 wash away 冲走 take away 拿走，使消失 put away 收拾起来，存起来 give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送 wear away 磨掉，消耗 break away 摆脱 send away 让走开 turn away 把……打发走 3．动词+back keep back 隐瞒，忍住 look back(on) 回顾 hold back 控制住 give back 归还 call back 回 take back 拿回，收回 4．动词+for run for 竞选 ask for 要求得到 wait for 等候 stand for 代表，表示 long for 渴望 hope/wish for 希望得到 care for 关心，喜欢 beg for 乞求 search for 查找 look for 寻找 call for 需要，要求 hunt for 寻找 change…for 用……换 charge…for 收费，要价 apply for 申请 take…for 误以为……是 seek for 寻找 come for 来拿，来取 5．动词+down burn down 烧毁 break down 坏了，垮了，分解 take down 记下，记录 turn down 调小，拒绝 cut down 削减，砍倒 slow down 慢下来 pass down 传下来 put down 记下，写下，镇压 calm down 平静下来 bring down 使……降低，使倒下 settle down 安家 come down 下落，传下 tear down 拆毁，拆除 6．动词+at come at 向……袭击 shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷 run at 冲向，向……攻击 work at 干……活动(研究) tear at 用力撕 look at 看，注视 stare at 凝视 glare at 怒视 glance at 匆匆一瞥 laugh at 嘲笑 knock at 敲(门、窗等) point at 指向 smile at 冲(某人)笑 strike at 向……打击 aim at 向……瞄准 shoot at 向……射击 wonder at 惊讶 call at 拜访(地点) 7．动词+from differ from 与……不同 suffer from 受……苦 hear from 收到……来信 die from 因……而死 keep／stop／prevent…from不让……做learn from 向……学习 result from 由于 date from 始于……时期 separate…from 把……分离开 8．动词+of think of 想到 dream of 梦到 consist of 由……组成 speak of 谈到 approve of 赞成 die of 死于 talk of 谈到 hear of 听说 complain of 抱怨 become of 发生……情况，怎么啦9．动词+off start off 出发 set off 出发 leave off 中断 show off 炫耀 get off 下车 take off 脱下，起飞 see off 送行 ring off 挂断 put off 延期，推迟 come off 脱落，褪色 cut off 切断，断绝 fall off 跌落，掉下 keep off 避开，勿走近 go off 走开；消失；坏了,爆炸，不喜欢 knock…off 把……撞落 break off 打断 pay off 还清 carry off 携走带走，赢得 get off 脱下(衣服等) give off 散发出 turn(switch) off 关掉 10．动词+on depend on 依靠 rely on 依靠 insist on 坚持 carry on 继续，进行 keep／go on 继续 spend…on 在……花钱 put on 穿上，戴上，上演 call on 拜访 move on 继续移动，往前走 live on 以……为生 feed on 以……为生 bring on 使……发展 take on 雇用，呈现(新面貌等) try on 试穿 have on 穿着 pass on 传授，传递look on 旁观 turn(switch) on 打开 11．动词+out break out 爆发 point out 指出 pick out 选出 figure out 算出，理解 burst out 进发 bring out 阐明，使表现出 carry out 执行，进行 help out 救助 hold out 坚持下去 set out 出发，着手，摆放 wear out 穿破，使……疲劳 turn out 结果是，生产，培养 make out 理解，看清楚 come out 出版，出来 cross out 划掉 leave out 省略，删掉 keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住 work out 算出，想出办法等 find out 查出，弄明白 give out 散发，分发，用完 try out 试用，试验 look out 当心，提防 put out 扑灭 speak out 大胆讲出 hand out 散发 send out 发出，派遣 run out 用完 go out 熄灭 let out 泄漏，发出(声音)，出租 die out 灭绝 12．动词十in give in 让步 hand in 上交 bring in 引进，使得到收入 drop in 拜访 result in 导致 succeed in 在……获成功 join in 参加 take in 接纳，吸收，改小 get in 收获，进入 break in 强制进入，插话 fill in 填写 call in 召集，来访 cut in 插入 persist in 坚持 look in 来访，参观 13．动词十into look into 研究，调查 turn into 变成 burst into 闯入，进发 divide…into 把……分成 change…into 把……变成 put／translate…into 把……译成 run into碰到 send sb to/into sleep 使进入状态 14．动词+over turn over 翻倒，细想 think over 仔细考虑 go over 审阅，检查，研究 look over 翻阅，检查 get over 克服 run over 压死，看一遍 take over 接管，接替 watch over 看守，照看 fall over 跌倒，摔倒 roll over 翻滚 15．动词十to belong to 属于 object to 反对 refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅 point to 指向 turn to 向……求助，查阅 stick／hold／keep to 坚持，忠于 see to 处理，料理 come to 共计，苏醒 reply to 答复 get to 到达 bring to 使苏醒把……比作 compare…to 与…相比;把…比作 agree to 同意 write to 写信给 supply…to 为……提供 lead to 导致，通向 add to 增添 attend to 处理,专心，照料 devote…to 贡献给 16．动词+up grow up 成长，长大 give up 放弃，献出 build up 建立 set up 架起、建立 put up 搭起，架起，安装，住宿，张贴，盖起 do up 整理，包装，打扮 go up 增长，上涨get up 起床，站起 pick up 拾起，学会，用车，来接，收听到 bring up 抚养，呕吐，提出 出现 turn up 开大(音量等)，出席 stay up 挺住，熬夜 take up 开始学，从事，占据 sit up 熬夜 eat up 吃完 use up 用完 tear up 撕碎 lay up 储存 make up构成，组成 编造 弥补 cut up 切碎 join up 联结起来，参军 end up 总结 come up 上来，长出，出现 speed up 加快速度 throw up 呕吐 clear up 整理，收拾，放晴 look up 查找，找出 bum up 烧毁 catch up 赶上 hurry up 赶快 fix up 修理，安排，装置 keep up 保持 hold up 耽搁，使停顿 send up 发射 ring up 打 open up 开创，开辟 divide up 分配 break up 分解 17．动词十through get through 通过，干完，接通 look through 翻阅，看一遍，仔细查看 go through 审阅，检查，学习 put…through 接通 see through 识破 check through 核对 pull through 渡过危机，康复 18．动词+with deal with 处理，对付 do with 处理，需要 meet with 遇到，遭受 talk with 同……交谈 agree with 同意，与……一致 compare with 与……相比 combine with 与……相联合 equip…with 以……装备 cover…with 用……覆盖 begin with 以……开始 end up with 以……结束 supply…with 以……供给 provide…with 以……供给 play with 玩，玩弄 19．三词以上的短语动词 add up to 总计 break away from 摆脱 keep away from 避开，别靠近 do away with 废除 look down on 轻视 look up to 仰望，尊敬 put up with 忍受 catch up with 赶上 keep up with 赶上 run out of 用完 make up for 弥补 go on with 继续 get on(along) with 和……相处 look forward to 盼望 get close to 接近 take hold of 握住 get out of 逃避，避免 get down to 认真开始 set fire to 放火烧 pay attention to 注意 take notice of 注意 set an example to 为……榜样 do well in 在……干得好 pay a visit to 访问 take a photo of 拍……照片 take the place of 取代三、 易混短语强化记忆1. in turn一个接一个地 in return 作为回报 I tried to do a good deed, but this is what I got in return, by turns=one after the other take turn to do sth.轮流做某事 turn secretary=become a secretary turn to sb ( for help ) turn up=appear turn out=prove to be / produce turn down 拒绝=refuse；音量调低 ；向下翻；2. If she spent five years in Paris, how come she can't speak a word of French?她假若在巴黎呆了五年，怎麽一句法语都不会说呢？ come across 越过某处；被理解；偶然发现, 偶然遇到 come into being／existence 出现，开始形成，建立 come into use／service 开始使用 （无被动）come out 出来; 出发；出版；名列…；（总数等）达到（+ at/to）come to light 泄露（真相）；被发现cf. Your statement does not throw light on the subject. 并没有说明问题 come true实现，变成现实 My dream has come true. 我的一个梦想实现了。
Cf. realize one’s dream reach one’s goal turn sth into realitycome up 升起；走进；种子生长发育； 被提出 come up with an idea（突然）想出办法3. go all out to do sth 全力以赴去做某事 =try one’ best to…=do what / all one can to…go beyond 超出；超出…的能力 go beyond one’s ability / imagination / controlgo in for参与，参与（竞赛等）；从事（某项工作）；爱好，酷爱go out (火)熄灭,过时了cf. put out the fire（灭火） put off 推迟, 延期( put off the meeting )；put down the rebellion(镇压)go with 相配 （同义词match / go along with） 4. keep in touch with与…保持联系(指状态) get in touch with (指动作)keep up your courage保持勇气，别泄气keep up with 跟上 catch up with 赶上5. look down upon/ on sb 轻视某人；鄙视某人/某物 look on /upon sb./sth. as 把...看作.(近义词组：regard…as; treat…as; consider…as/to be) look over 对…审阅；粗略地看；翻阅 look up a word in a dictionary查阅…look through 透过…看（尤指空隙或透明物体等）；（从头到尾）初略地翻阅 look up to sb 尊敬某人look sb. in the eye 盯着6. make oneself at home（如同在家一般）随便些，不必客气 make arrangements for为…做安排 make a been line for取捷径前往make room for让出地方，腾出空间 make the best of 充分利用 ，尽量利用make the most of尽量利用，善于利用make up for lost time/ground加紧努力补回失去或落后的时间 make oneself heard / understood使自己被别人听到/听懂理解 make good /no sense有意义/没意义make tea/coffee 泡茶/咖啡 make for有助于，使成为 Cultural exchanges make for mutual understanding.7. put away 放好；收起来；把…放在原位；储藏 放弃put aside放在一边；抛弃；暂时不做；留出(时间),省出(钱) put sth. in order（使）整齐 put on weight增加体重(lose weight减肥，减少体重) put on your clothes穿衣 take off your clothes脱衣put an end/stop to制止，使停止，结束cf. come to an end（某事）结束 end up with failure以失败而告终 put up with和某人住在一起；忍受，忍耐=bear / stand put through 做成，完成；接通 使通过考试；使经历（难受的事）8. take sb. by surprise （出人意料地）攻占；撞见 take A for B 把A误认为是B take sb./sth. for granted认为…是必然情况，视为当然 take sth. into account/consideration加以考虑；予以重视take advantage of 利用；占…的便宜 take the opportunity of抓住机会；利用（机会） take charge of开始负…的责；看管；控制 take it easy=Don’t be nervous take your time 从容 Take your time. There is still half an hour left. take the place of代替 cf. stand for代表 take on a new look 呈现新面貌 take off脱下,起飞take on sb 雇用 =employ sb=hire sb take in fresh air=absorb take up 占据(时间,地方)；从事于 take up space / much time take up a city攻占城市 take up arms (against)拿起武器反对…，武装起来与…作对 take over接管,接替9. turn down 拒绝；音量调低 ；向下翻；turn out制造出，生产出，培养出；结局是，结果是；原来是 。