2022-2023年考博英语-西南大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题Malaysia and Indonesia rely much on open markets for forest and fishery products, （ ）, some Asian countries are highly protectionist.问题1选项A.deliberatelyB.converselyC.evidentlyD.naturally【答案】B【解析】考察副词词义辨析deliberately “故意地，谨慎地”；conversely “相反地”；evidently “显然，明显地”；naturally “自然地”句意：马来西亚和印度尼西亚依靠林业和渔业产品开放市场相反，亚洲一些国家实行高度的保护选项B符合题意2. 单选题The team has been working overtime on the research project （ ）.问题1选项A.latelyB.just nowC.lateD.long ago【答案】A【解析】考察副词词义辨析lately “近来，不久前”；just now “刚刚”；late “晚，迟；在晚期”；long ago “很久以前”。
句意：这个团队近来一直在为这个项目加班选项A符合题意3. 翻译题Translate the following passage into English朋友来访，站在我的书橱前流连忘返，见他一副痴迷的样子，我故作豪爽地说：“喜欢看什么说就先拿去吧嘴上虽然这么说，其实心里还是很不情愿的，书像是自己的孩子，是生命的另一部分，生生被别人抱去，总是有点舍不得，朋友没有看出我的小算盘，只顾听了我的话，在书橱里挑三拣四地翻出几本书来，竟都是我喜欢的，时不时要拿出来读读的那种但是泼出来的水是收不回来了，何况因为几本书，也显得太小家子气答案】A friend of mine came to see me. He stood before my bookcase looking over the books. At the sight of him lingering before it with rapt attention, I pretended to be generous, “ Take any as you like.” I said that in spite of myself. Actually I was reluctant, for I regarded my books as my children, part of my life. How could I bear them being torn away from me. My friend took me at my word and began choosing books to his liking. Unfortunately his pick happened to be my favorites, those I’d like to read and reread now and then. But I couldn’t go back on my word, for what’s done can’t be undone. To regret for lending a few books would make me look narrow-minded.4. 翻译题Translate the following short paragraphs into English 如今，计算机在社会上起着重要的作用。
他们明显地改变了我们工作、学习和购物 的方式但是，尽管计算机产业正给我们带来以往梦想不到的好处，它也造成一些严重 的问题譬如说，人们越来越担心电力通讯方面不道德的行为盗版、窃取数据以及病 毒破坏活动十分猖獗这些行为应视作为犯罪吗？我们怎样才能制止这些行为？人们的 另一个忧虑与过分依赖计算机有关计算机不像人们想象的那样可靠，因特网上的猎息 有可能是虚假的更糟糕的是，过度依赖计算机也许会削弱我们进行挑剔思维的能力， 还会在人们之间造成陣碍受海啸影响最轻的马来西亚，在海啸发生后，当地的第二大支柱产业一一旅游业一 一大受影响1月19日马来西亚旅游部门的相关官员就表示，政府也在积极地采取对策， 希望能尽快地恢复各国游客的信心马来西亚旅游局官员表示，海啸中马来西亚没有外 国游客死亡，旅游设施也完好，受影响的西岸一些酒店己经正常营业答案】Nowadays, computers play an important role in our society. They obviously change the way we work, study and shop. However, computer industry is offering benefits that we never dreamed of before, it also leads to some serious problems. For instance, there is an increasing concern over unethical behavior in electronic communication. Piracy, hacking and virus sabotage are rampant. Should these behaviors be regarded as crimes? How can we stop them? The other problem is about overreliance on computers. Computers are not as reliable as people think. Information on the Internet may be false. What’s worse, overreliance may impair our critical thinking, and set up barriers between people.Tourism, the second biggest pillar industry in Malaysia, was affected after the tsunami which brought least damage to Malaysia. On Jan. 19, the relevant officials of Malaysian tourism department said that the government was actively taking countermeasures, expecting to restoring confidence of tourists from different countries. The officials said that no foreign tourists died and tourism facilities were intact. Some hotels damaged on the western coast have operated normally. 5. 单选题The summer session in Georgetown University was a really wonderful occasion which we will（ ） for many years to come.问题1选项A.discountB.acquitC.cherishD.blur【答案】C【解析】考察动词词义辨析。
discount “打折扣”；acquit “无罪释放”；cherish “珍惜”；blur “使……模糊不清”句意：乔治敦大学暑期班是个很棒的场合，我们将在今后的许多年里都会珍惜它选项C符合题意6. 单选题Finding the cause of a disease will provide a （ ）for research on a cure for it.问题1选项A.prospectB.incentiveC.spurD.inducement【答案】A【解析】考察名词词义辨析prospect “前途，预期”；incentive “动机，刺激”；spur “刺激，鞭策”；inducement “诱因”句意：找出疾病的原因是为其治疗方法研究提供前景选项A符合题意7. 单选题It is necessary that he（ ）the assignment without delay.问题1选项A.hand inB.hands inC.must hand inD.has to hand in【答案】A【解析】考察it is necessary + that…固定句型的用法固定句型：It is necessary + that （should）be+其他成分，选项A符合题意。
8. 单选题Technology has （ ）the sharing information and the storage and delivery of information, thus making more information available to more people.问题1选项A.formulatedB.facilitatedC.famishedD.functioned【答案】B【解析】考察动词词义辨析Formulated “构想出，规划”； facilitated “促进，加速”；furnished “装饰，装置”；functioned “起作用”句意：科技加速了信息共享，储存和传输，因此让更多的人接触到更多的信息选项B符合题意9. 单选题Because folk art is neither completely rejected nor accepted as an art form by art historians, their final evaluations of it necessarily remain （ ）.问题1选项A.arbitraryB.estimableC.unspokenD.equivocal【答案】D【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。
arbitrary “任意的，任性的”；estimable “值得尊敬的”；unspoken “未说出口的，不言而喻的”；equivocal “模棱两可的，意义不确的”句意：因为艺术家既不会完全否认也不接受民间艺术是一种艺术形式，他们关于它（民间艺术）的评论是模棱两可的选项D符合题意10. 单选题If would be difficult for one so （ ）to be led to believe that all men are equal and that we must disregard race, color, and creed.问题1选项A.emotionalB.broadmindedC.tolerantD.intolerant【答案】B【解析】考察形容词词义辨析emotional “感情的”；broadminded “愿意听取不同意见的”；tolerant “忍耐的”；intolerant “不能容忍的，偏狭的”句意：很难让偏狭的人相信众人是平等的，我们拒绝种族、肤色、宗教选项B符合题意11. 单选题A budget approved by the European Parliament for the European Economic Community was declared adopted Tuesday despite opposition by ministers. The president of the Parliament, Simone Veil, signed the $24.2 billion 1982 budget, （1）the EEC into its third（2） budget conflict.Minutes after receiving a（3） from ministers to（4） the signing to give time to work out a（5） ，Veil told Britain's Financial Secretary to the Treasury, Nicholas Ridley, she had adopted the budget.Ridley told reporters（6） speaking to Veil by telephone, "She has adopted it, and she is absolutely（7） that the ministers should write to her in this way without （8） consultation”.EEC sources（9） most member states would probably（10） to make full payments to the budget as adopted, and the conflict was likely to（11） well into next year.The ministers' letter to Veil,（12） after a meeting in Brussels Tuesday, （13） of serious consequences（14） the budget were adopted.“The council of ministers appeals to you to put off tile adoption of the 1982 budget（15） a consensus can be found ..." it said.The adoption（16） six months of tortuous negotiations between the 434-member Assembly and EEC budget ministers over 1982（17） .（18） was blocked in the（19） by parliament’s addition earlier this month of some $250 million much of it for jobs programs.The number of people out of（20） in the EEC in November reached a record of almost 10 million or nine percent of the working population, according to the EEC statistics office.问题1选项A.undergoingB.confrontingC.plungingD.converting问题2选项A.consecutiveB.consequentC.sequentialD.preceding问题3选项A.bulkB.pleaC.honorD.grant问题4选项A.delayB.detainC.prolongD.extend问题5选项A.cooperationB.combinationC.compromiseD.coincidence问题6选项A.sinceB.beforeC.afterD.as问题7选项A.furiousB.cautiousC.apprehensiveD.nervous问题8选项A.urgentB.crucialC.priorD.durable问题9选项A.saidB.questionedC.toldD.addressed问题10选项A.contradictB.denyC.refuseD.concede问题11选项A.stretchB.lastC.gearD.proceed问题12选项A.outlinedB.draftedC.polishedD.compiled问题13选项A.warnedB.disposedC.dreamtD.conceived问题14选项A.even ifB.ifC.so thatD.for问题15选项A.untilB.whileC.althoughD.since问题16选项A.characterizedB.followedC.stimulatedD.brought问题17选项A.spendingB.provisionsC.surveyD.slogan问题18选项A.clashB.agreementC.optionD.abundance问题19选项A.endB.dawnC.eventD.dark问题20选项A.reachB.shapeC.pulseD.work【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:A第5题:C第6题:C第7题:A第8题:C第9题:A第10题:C第11题:B第12题:B第13题:A第14题:B第15题:A第16题:B第17题:A第18题:B第19题:A第20题:D【解析】（1）考察固定搭配。
plunge into / in 使穷苦陷入（或遭受）选项C符合题意2）考察形容词词义辨析consecutive “连贯的，连续不断的”；consequent “随之发生的，作为结果的”；sequential “连续的”；preceding “在前的”空格处所在句子的句意是：使EEC陷入了他们（连续的）第三次预算的冲突、矛盾中选项A符合题意3）考察名词词义辨析bulk “体积”；plea “呼吁；恳求”；honor “荣誉”；grant “拨款，授予”上文提到minister 是反对这个方案的，所以此处，他是呼吁推迟这个方案的施行选项B符合题意4）考察动词词义辨析delay “推迟”；detain “拘留，留住”；prolong “延长”；extend “延伸”根据第53题的大意，可知选项A符合题意5）考察名词词义辨析cooperation “合作”；combination “结合”；compromise “妥协”；coincidence “巧合”空格处所在句子的大意是部长呼吁推迟通过这个方案的时间来找到折中的方法选项C符合题意6）考察连词的用法根据前文可知 Ridley是在与Veil打完之后才对记者发表讲话的，所以选项C符合题意。
7）考察形容词词义辨析furious “愤怒的”；cautious “小心的”；apprehensive “忧虑的，知晓的”；nervous “紧张的”空格处所在句子的大意是：她感到很愤怒，觉得部长们应该直接写信给她，而不需要通过先前的会议来与她讨论预算拨款的事选项A符合题意8）考察形容词词义辨析urgent “紧急的”；crucial “重要的”；prior “优先的，在先的”；durable “耐用的”参考第57题句意可知选项C符合题意9）考察动词词义辨析said “宣布，表达”；questioned “质疑”；told “告诉”；addressed “向……讲话”空格处所在句子的句意是：EEC的资料显示，多数部长将有可能拒绝选项A符合题意10）考察动词词义辨析contradict “矛盾”；deny “否定”；refuse “拒绝”；concede “让步”空格处所在句子的大意是大多数部长会拒绝全额支付这个预算方案选项C符合题意11）考察动词词义辨析stretch “延伸”；last “持续”；gear “适合”；proceed “进行”空格处所在句子的大意是：这个争论可能会持续的第二年。
选项B符合题意12）考察动词词义辨析Outline “概述”；draft “起草”；polish“磨光”；compile “编制”空格处所在句子的大意是：在星期二的Brussels会议后，部长起草了一封信给Veil选项B符合题意13）考察动词词组辨析Warn of “警告”；dispose of “处理，处置”；dream of “梦想”；conceive of “设想，构想”空格处所在句子的大意是：告诫如果接受了预算拨款将出现严重的后果选项A符合题意14）考察引导词的用法根据上下文，该句是 if 引导的条件句，谓语动词用虚拟语气，所以后面的be动词用的是were选项B符合题意15）考察连词的用法空格处所在句子的大意是：部长想让Veil 等到部长们的意见一致了才采用预算拨款选项A “直到……才”符合题意16）考察动词词义辨析characterize “以……为特征”；follow “跟随”；stimulate “刺激”；bring “带来，引来”空格处所在句子的大意是：预算拨款的采用随着434名Assembly和EEC的预算部长，经历了六个月的曲折谈判选项B符合题意17）考察动词词义辨析。
spend “花费”；provision “供给……食品”；survey “调查”；slogan “标语”spending 与前文的 payment 构成呼应，符合题意18）考察名词词义辨析clash “冲突”；agreement “协议”；option “选择权”；abundance “充裕”与前文提到的consensus 一致，空格处所在句子大意是：协议最终被议会阻止了选项B符合题意19）考察固定搭配in the end “最后”选项A符合题意20）考察固定搭配out of work “失业”work 与上文的job相照应，符合题意12. 单选题Some teenagers harbor a generalized resentment against society, which （ ）them the rights and privileges of adults, although physically they-are mature.问题1选项A.deprivesB.restrictsC.rejectsD.denies【答案】D【解析】考察动词词义辨析deprive “剥夺”；restrict “限制”；reject “拒绝”；deny “否认”。
句意：虽然有些青少年身体已经发育成熟，但由于社会否认他们享受成人的权利和义务，他们对社会很不满意选项D符合题意13. 单选题This pair of boots cost much less than yours for I bought them when the department store made a （ ）of the stored goods.问题1选项A.clearanceB.reductionC.fortuneD.deal【答案】B【解析】考察名词词义辨析Clearance “清理”；reduction “减少”；fortune “财富，运气”；deal “交易”句意：我这双靴子没有花你那么多钱，因为我买它的时候商场正好降价销售存货选项B符合题意14. 单选题Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things’’-physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used-that a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group's history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of “things” in it, of course, are musical instrument. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments, pictured 'in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments on the symphony orchestra.Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research show mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.Music is deep-rooted in the cultural background that fosters it. We now pay more and more attention to traditional or ethnic features in folk music and are willing to preserve the folk music as we do with many traditional cultural heritages. Musicians all over the world are busy with recording classic music in their country for the sake of their unique culture. As always, people's aspiration will always focus on their individuality rather than universal features that are shared by all cultures alike.One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media-radio, record player, tape recorder, and television, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the "information-revolution", a twentieth century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modem nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.1.Which of the following does not belong to material culture?2.The word "phonograph" (Line 6, Paragraph 1) most probably means （ ）.3.The main idea of the first paragraph is（ ）. 4.Which of the following is NOT an advantage of printed music?5.From the third paragraph, we may infer that（ ）.问题1选项A.InstrumentsB.Music.C.Paintings.D.Sheet music.问题2选项A.record playerB.radioC.musical techniqueD.music- culture问题3选项A.the importance, of cultural tools and technologyB.the cultural influence of the development of civilizationC.the focus of the study of the material culture of musicD.the significance of the research into the musical instruments问题4选项A.Reading of music notation has a great impact on musicians.B.People may draw inspiration from it.C.The music culture will be influenced by it in the end.D.Songs tend to be standardized by it.问题5选项A.traditional cultural heritage is worthy of preservationB.the universal features shared by all cultures aren’t worthy of notice.C.musicians pay more attention to the preservation of traditional music.D.the more developed a culture, the more valuable the music it has fostered【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.文章第一段第一句对物质文化下了定义：文化中产生的能看到、摸到、感觉到使用的自然物体（physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used-that a culture produces）。
该段接下来提到乐器是音乐文化中的物质载体（The most vivid body of “things” in it, of course, are musical instrument），所以选项A可以排除；第一段还提到图片、文字记载都属于物质文化（Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments, pictured in art），选项C可以排除；第二段第一句Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture提到乐谱也是物质文化，选项D可以排除因此选项B符合题意2.题干中的phonograph出现在第一段：We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented，so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. 在phonograph被发明之前，我们听不到任何音乐表演的声音，只能通过乐器来研究过去的音乐。
由此推测，这个词指的是一种能够记录声音并被用来研究音乐文化的东西选项A符合题意3.文章第一段第一句给物质文化下了定义；第二、三句提到研究音乐物质文化才能研究好音乐文化；第四、五句指出乐器是因为文化研究中的重要物质文化；第六句提及了乐器作为物质文化的两种形式第七句举了绘画和书写文件来说明乐器在音乐文化研究中所起的作用由此可只选项D符合题意4.文章第二段第三句Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs提到乐谱形式单调，因为它们将歌曲都标准化所以选项D不是优势，符合题意5.文章第三段第二句We now pay more and more attention to traditional or ethnic features in folk music and are willing to preserve the folk music as we do with many traditional cultural heritages提到我们越来越关注传统和民族特色的音乐，并且愿意将民乐保存下来。
可知选项A符合题意，传统文化遗产值得保留下来15. 单选题He never tells anybody about his plans; he keeps his own （ ）.问题1选项A.ideaB.opinionC.counselD.secret【答案】C【解析】考察名词词义辨析idea “想法，主意，概念”；opinion “观点”；counsel “建议；劝告”；secret “秘密”keep one's own counsel "将自己意见（或计划）保密，不暴露自己的意图"句意：他从没告诉过别人他的计划，他只听从自己的想法选项C符合题意16. 单选题According to legal provisions, the properties will either （ ）the original owner or else be sold at auction.问题1选项A.commit toB.back toC.proceed toD.revert to【答案】D【解析】考察动词词组辨析commit to “把……投入”；back to “后退到”；proceed to “继续下去”；revert to “回复；归还”。
句意：根据法律规定，这些财产将归还给原主，否则就被拍卖选项D符合题意17. 单选题I （ ）the minister’s figures, the true cost of the project is much higher.问题1选项A.contendB.agreeC.disputeD.disagree【答案】C【解析】考察动词词义辨析contend “主张；为……斗争”；agree “同意”；dispute “辩论；争吵”；disagree “不同意；不一致”句意：我怀疑部长所说的数据—项目的实际花费更高选项C符合题意18. 单选题It is a generous and receptive intelligence that was （ ）from attaining its full scope by bad training, poor school and lack of opportunity.问题1选项A.foiledB.thwartedC.balkedD.inhabited【答案】C【解析】考察动词词义辨析foil “阻止；挫败”；thwart “反对，阻碍”；balk “故意妨碍或阻止”；inhabit “居住于”。
句意：糟糕的训练，落后的学校条件以及机会的缺失妨碍了一个慷慨乐于接受的大脑的完全开发选项C符合题意19. 单选题I have found that the effect of comic books to be first of all anti-educational. They interfere with education in the larger sense. For children, education is not merely a question of learning, but is a part of mental health. They do not “learn” only in school; they learn also during play, from entertainment, and in social life with adults and with other children. To take large chunks of time out of a child’s life——time during which he or she is not positively, that is, educationally, occupied——means to interfere with healthful mental growth. To make a sharp distinction between entertainment and learning is poor pedagogy, and even worse psychology. A great deal of learning comes in the form of entertainment, and a great deal of entertainment painlessly teaches important things. By no stretch of critical standards can the text in comics qualify as literature, or the drawings as art. Children spend an enormous amount of time on comic books, but their gain is nil. They do not learn how to read a serious book or magazine. They do not gain a true picture of the West from the “Westerns.” They do not learn about any normal aspects of sex, love, or life. I have known many adults who have treasured throughout their lives some of the books they read as children. I have never come across any adult or adolescent who had outgrown comic book reading who would dream of keeping any of these books for any sentimental or other reason. In other words, children spend a large amount of time and money on these publications and have nothing positive to show for it. And since almost all good children’s reading has some educational value, comics by their nature are not only non-educational; they are anti-educational. They fail to teach anything that might be useful to a child; they do suggest many things that are harmful. 1.The author would most likely agree that comic books （ ）.2.In line 2, the underlined word “question” most nearly means（ ）. 3.The author criticizes those who would “make a sharp distinction” (line 7) because the author believes that（ ）. 4.In lines 11-13, the three sentences beginning with ‘"they” primarily serve to（ ）. 5.The tone of this passage can best be described as（ ）.问题1选项A.impair social developmentB.could benefit from self-regulationC.have no educational valueD.are obtained too easily问题2选项A.matterB.requestC.objectionD。