祈使句的直接引语和间接引语祈使句的直接引语和间接引语What is the difference among the sentences below:Open the window.Please open the window.Would you please open the window?Commands(命令命令):Do/Dont.Requests(请求请求):Do,please Can you?Could you.?Will you.?Would you?Decide whether these sentences are command(命令命令)or request(请求请求).Close the door please.Get me something to drink.Take the dog for a walk.Can you speak louder?Would you clean your room.Watch out!Keep silent!Please dont leave me.(command)(command)(command)(command)(request)(request)(request)(request)1.“Openthewindow,”theteachersaidtothestudents.The teacher told the students to open the window.2.“Dontopenthewindow,”theteachersaidtothestudents.The teacher told the students not to open the window.表示表示命令命令的祈使句直接引语变间接引语的祈使句直接引语变间接引语 句型：句型：tell/order sb(not)to do sth1)“Openthedoor.”hesaid.2)“Putupyourhand,Lily,”hesaid.3)“Bequiet.”Theteachersaidtothestudents.Hetold/orderedmetoopenthedoor.Heordered/toldLilytoputupherhand.Theteachertold/orderedthestudentstobequite.4)“Dontsleepinclass.”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteachertoldthestudentsnottosleepinclass.5)“Dontlaughatothers.”hisparentssaid.Hisparentstoldhimnottolaughatothers.6)“Donttouchanything.”shesaidtohim.Shetoldhimnottotouchanything.1.“Openthewindow,please,”theteacher2.saidtothestudents.The teacher asked the students to open the window.2.“Dontopenthewindow,please,”theteachersaidtothestudents.The teacher asked the students not to open the window.表示请求的祈使句的变成间接引语表示请求的祈使句的变成间接引语 句型：句型：ask/beg sb(not)to do sth1)“Pleaseopenyourbook.”theteachersaid.Theteacheraskedmetoopenmybook.2)“Pleasedontleaveme.”shesaidtohim.Shebeggedhimnottoleaveher.4)“Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?”hesaid.Heaskedmetoopenthewindow.5)“Tom,mayIborrowyourpen?”shesaid.SheaskedTomtolendherhispen.3)“Pleaseturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.”theteachersaidtohim.Theteacheraskedhimtoturnoffthelightswhenhelefttheclassroom.注意：注意：表示表示建议、劝告建议、劝告的祈使句，变为间接引语的祈使句，变为间接引语时还可以用：时还可以用：advise sb(not)to do sthsuggest doing sth1.She said to us,“Please have a rest.”She advised us to have a rest.2.He said,“Lets go to the film.”He suggested going to the film.表示警告、提醒警告、提醒的祈使句，变为间接引语时还可以用：remind sb(not)to do sthwarn sb(not)to do sth1.“Keep out the grass,”she said to the children.She reminded the children to keep out the grass.2.The old man said,“Dont smoke in the hall.”The old man warned me not to smoke in the hall.祈使句祈使句变为间接引语的规律变为间接引语的规律(没有时态的变化没有时态的变化)一改 （主句谓语动词）二变 （呼语变宾语）三加 （动词前加to）四去 （去掉委婉语气的标志please等）tell sb(not)to do sth 让某人（不）做某事让某人（不）做某事order sb(not)to do sth 命令某人（不）做某事命令某人（不）做某事command sb(not)to do sth 命令某人（不）做某事命令某人（不）做某事warn sb(not)to do sth 警告某人（不）做某事警告某人（不）做某事remind sb(not)to do sth 提醒某人（不）做某事提醒某人（不）做某事ask sb(not)to do sth 要求某人（不）做某事要求某人（不）做某事beg sb(not)to do sth 乞求某人（不）做某事乞求某人（不）做某事request sb(not)to do sth 请求某人（不）做某事请求某人（不）做某事advice sb(not)to do sth 建议某人（不）做某事建议某人（不）做某事祈使句变为间接引语的句型总结祈使句变为间接引语的句型总结1.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.He_me_thewindow.A.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closingC.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleaseclose2.Hesaid,“Dontdothatagain.”He_me_thatagain.A.saidto;nottodoB.saidto;dontdoC.told;dontdoD.told;nottodo3.“Dontputitonmyhat.”hiswifesaidtohim.Hiswifetoldhim_putiton_hat.A.dont,hisB.dont,herC.notto,hisD.notto,her感叹句的直接引语变间接引语感叹句的直接引语变间接引语She said,“What a lovely day it is!”She said what a lovely day it was.She said that it was a lovely day.He said,“How happy I am!”He said how happy he was.He said that he was happy.既可以what或how引导，也可以用that引导。
总结：直接引语变间接引语总结：直接引语变间接引语1.陈述句陈述句：连接词用that,且在口语中可省略引 述动词用said,told,等2.一般疑问句一般疑问句：连接词用if或whether，而引述 选择疑问句时 只能用whether，引述动asked用陈述语序陈述语序3.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句：用原句中的疑问词作连接词，用陈述语序陈述语序4.祈使句祈使句：ask/tell/order/sb to do sth5.感叹句感叹句：连接词既可以用what/how,也可以用that总结：直接引语变间接引语总结：直接引语变间接引语1.人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新2.时态的变化：往前推一个时态，变成与过去相关的某种时态祈使句不变时态）3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化1.The policeman warned the drive_ so carelessly.A.never to drive B.to never driveC.to not drive D.doesnt drive2.The office ordered his soldiers _.A.to stand still B.to not stand stillC.not stand still D.stand still 3.-He asked Tom,“Have you finished your homework？”-He asked Tom .1.A.if had he finished his homework.2.B.whether he had finished his homework.C.if he had finished homework.D.if you had finished your homework.4.He asked me _ with me.A.what the matter is B.what the mater wasC.whats the matter D.what was the matter Discuss:Why should we learn English?。