透析中考英语语法状语从句考点【状语从句命题趋势】用一个句子(从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语,用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句例如:条件状语从句就是用一个句子来作条件状语1. 考查时间状语从句2、考查原因状语从句3考查地点状语从句4考查结果状语从句5考查条件状语从句6、考查让步状语从句7、 考查伴随状语从句8、考查方式状语从句【考点诠释】一、时间状语从句在时间状语从句中,通常要用动词的一般现在时态表示将来时,用一般过去时表示过去将来式时间状语从句常用连词有: when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引导1. 考查when, while, as引导,表示“当……时候”.【考例】一Mum,____shall we have lunch?—We will have it when your dad_______. A when;returns B where returns C.where;will return D.when;will return2. before 的用法:before的本意为“在……之前”,根据具体语境还可理解为“还没来得及/还没有……就……,趁着还没……就……,不知不觉就…,…才…”等。
如:【考例】Could you please give me your e-mail address _______you go? A. as soon as B. before C. after D. until2.until 和till 的用法:与肯定式的主句连用,主句谓语必须是延续性动词,till/ until表示“……直到……”;与否定式的主句连用,且主句谓语是非延缓性动词时,till/ until表示“直到……才……”其强调句型为“not…until” ,位于句首时要采用倒装形式如:【考例】1、一Hurry up.The bus is coming.——Ohno.We mustn't cross the street ____the traffic lights are green.A. after B since C while D.until 2、The kids didn't start to fly kites in the playground _______the rain stopped. A. if B. until C. whenever3、--Look! Here comes our school bus. --No hurry. Don't get on it _____it has stopped. A. until B. after C. since D. whenA.[解析]句中有don't,可想not...until为固定结构,意为“直到……才……”。
三、对条件状语从句的考查引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if ,unless(=if …not如果不……,除非),as/so long as ,while(=as long as 只要),supposing(that),provided/providing(that),in case(假使),on condition that(在……的条件下)等如:【考例】__you go to bed earlier, you won't feel tired in the mornings. A. Unless B Because C.If D.When2、You won't pass your exams ___________ you work harder. A. when B. if C. unless D. after四、对让步状语从句的考查用来引导让步地点状语从句的从属连词有:though,although,even if/though, while(虽然、尽管),for a11(that)(尽管)whether...or(不论/不管……还是……))以及“疑问词+ever(whatever,wherever,whoever,however,)”和 “no matter +疑问词”等。
【考例】1、—Shall we go on working? —Yes , I prefer to have a rest . A.when B.if C.because D.though2、Edison never gave up, he failed many times. A.andB.thoughC.or五、 对目的状语从句的考查:引导目的状语从句的从属连词有 so that , in order that (为了,以便);in case(以防,以免),lest(免得,以防),for fear that(以免,惟恐)等从句中一般含有can , could, may,might ,will, would等情态动词如:【考例】一More and more people in Beijing are learning English _______they can better serve the 2008 0lympic Games.一I'm sure they will. A.because of B so that C.even though D.as if六、对结果状语从句的考查【考例】The camera is expensive I can’t afford it. A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that【语法回顾】状语从句的分类。
1. 时间状语从句用法要点1)as、when、while用法一览表类别作 用例 句asas表示“当……的时候”,往往和when/ while通用,但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生She came up as I was cooking.(同时)The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候,又可表示在某一段时间内,主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)whilewhile意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生,从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词在when表示a period of time时,两者可以互换Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用as或when不可,这里的while意思是“趁……”)凡是从句都必须有引导词,引导时间状语从句的词有 when, before, after, until, as soon as, while 等,具体用法如下:1. when 意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。
例如: I feel very happy when you come to see me. 你(们)来看我时,我感到很高兴When you are crossing the street, you must be careful. 你(们)过街道时,一定要小心when引导的时间状语从句,when的从句可以用延续性动词,也可以用点动词例如:He was working at the table when I went in. 当我进去的时候,他正在桌旁工作Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 当我正在睡觉时,有人敲门I will visit my good friend when I have time. 当我有空儿时,我将去看望我的好友I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai. 当我在上海时,我为一家外国企业工作注:when也可以作并列连词,表示一个动词正在进行的时候,突然间发生了另外一件事I was fishing by the river , when someone called for help. 我正在河边钓鱼,就在那时有人求救。
We were working in the chemistry lab, when the lights went out. 我们正在化学实验室工作,突然灯都熄灭了2. before 意为“在……之前”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前例如: We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.昨天离开学校之前,我们打扫了教室 He had been a cook before he went to college . 他上大学前曾当过厨师after 意为“在……之后”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后例如: After you use plastic bags, you mustn't throw them about. 你(们)用过了塑料袋之后,不准到处乱扔He called me after he had finished his work. 他在工作完之后给我打了个注:若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近,那么也可以不用完成时态,例如上面的第二句可改成:He called me after he finished his work. 3. since引导的时间状语从句,译为“自从……”,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。
例如:We have made many dumplings since we began to cook. 自从我们开始做饭起,我们已经包了许多饺子了We haven't seen each other since we parted . 我们自从分手以后一直没见过面注:常用句型:It is +时间段+since从句 译为:自从……有多长时间了例如:It is six years since she graduated from the university. 自从她大学毕业已有六年的时间了4. until 意为“直到……时”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式;当主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词时,从句常用否定形式, not... until... 意为“直到……才……”,这时的until可以用before 来替换例如:I'll stay here until you come back. 我会呆在这里,直到你回来stay表示的动作可以持续) He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。
go to bed 表示的动作不能持续) 5. as soon as 意为“一……就……”,表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作马上就发生例如: I'll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就告诉他这件事6. while引导的时间状语从句,常译为“与……同时,在……期间”,while的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的词例如:They rushed in while we were discussing problems. 当我们正在讨论问题时,他们冲了进来Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 当我正在打电子游戏时,爸爸正在清洗汽车注:while也可以作并列连词,表转折的关系,相当于but,译为“然而” 例如:I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports. 我喜欢听音乐,而我的兄弟爱好运动7. till和until引导的时间状语从句,译为“直到……为止”,not … till / until引导的时间状语从句,译为“直到……才”。
前者强调主句动作的结束,用延续性动词,后者强调主句动作的开始,用点动词例如:I will wait for my friend until / till he comes. 我要一直等到我朋友来We won't start our discussion until / till he comes. 我们要等到他来了,再开始我们的讨论2. 条件状语从句用法要点 我们主要看一下由if引导的条件状语从句if 意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句时,表示假如有从句的动作发生就(不)会有主句的动作发生例如: If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go there by bike.如果明天不下雨,我们就骑自行车去那里If I get there early, I can see the doctor quickly.如果我早早地到那里,我就可以快点看病3. 地点状语从句用法要点常用where(哪里)和wherever(无论哪里)例如:Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者,事竟成We will go wherever the motherland needs us most. 我们要到祖国最需要的地方去。
4. 原因状语从句用法要点 常用的引导连词有because, as和since三者的区别是:在回答问题的时候,使用because;对于显而易见的原因,常用as或since;as和since的从句常放在主句之前,而because的从句常放在主句之后eg.Why did you go? I went because Tom told me to go. 你为何去?那是因为汤姆叫我去He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise. 他很生气不是因为我们来迟了,而是因为我们弄出了声音As it was raining hard, we had to be indoors. 由于雨太大,我们只好呆在家里Since you feel ill, you'd better not go to work. 既然你感觉不舒服,你最好不要去上班了5. 目的状语从句用法要点 常用的引导连词有so that, that和in order that译为:以便,为了,目的是例如:Please speak more slowly so that we can make full notes. 请讲慢一点,以便我们能作详细笔记。
I shall write down your address that I may not forget. 我要把你的地址记下来,以免忘记I sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach him in time. 这封信我以航空信发出,以便他能及时收到注:目的状语从句可以用动词不定式来替换做目的状语eg.We work harder than usual finish it in a week. 我们比平常加倍努力工作以在一周内完成工作三:主句与从句时态一致的问题 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分下列两种情况: 1. 若主句是祈使句,或主句中有情态动词,或主句中谓语动词是一般将来时,那么从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时例如: Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask. 如果你们有问题要问的话,请举手The traffic must stop when the lights are red. 红灯亮时,车辆必须停下。
2. 若主从句谓语动词都是陈述过去,那么主从句都可以用一般过去时例如: She could sing when she was four years old. 她四岁的时候就会唱歌语法过关】1.I was drawing a horse ____the teacher came in. A. while B. as C. when D. the moment2.Some passengers were walking through one of the big halls at Paris' Charles De Gaulle Airport __ the whole roof(屋顶)fell down. A. while B. as soon as C. when D. after3.You will stay healthy _______ you do more exercise, such as running and walking. A. if B. how C. before D. where4.---Shall we go on working?---Yes, ____ I prefer to have a rest. A. when B. if C. because D. though5.None of us knew what had happened _________ they told us about it. A. when B. until C. after D. though6.---I hope you’ll enjoy your trip, dear!---Thank you, mum. I’ll give you a call _________ I get there. A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till7.The camera is expensive I can’t afford it. A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that8.I never seem to lose any weight, hard I try. A. even though B. no matter how C. as if D. ever since9.—Shall we go on working? —Yes , I prefer to have a rest . A.when B.if C.because D.though10.Edison never gave up, he failed many times. A.and B.though C.or11.The policeman asked the child cross the street the traffic lights turned green. A.not; when B.don’t; before C.not to; until12.---It’s time to go to bed ,Li Ming. ---Mum, I have a lot of homework to do ,I won’t go to bed I finish it A .after B.until C.as soon as D .since13.You should make a good plan ______ you do anything important. A. before B. after C. though D. until 14.________ they are brothers, they don’t look like each other at all. A. Because B. Though C. When D. As15。
I enjoy learning English, ____ it takes me a lot of time. A.as if B.though C.because D.for透析中考英语语法状语从句考点【状语从句命题趋势】用一个句子(从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语,用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句例如:条件状语从句就是用一个句子来作条件状语1考查时间状语从句2、考查原因状语从句3考查地点状语从句4考查结果状语从句5考查条件状语从句6、考查让步状语从句7考查伴随状语从句8、考查方式状语从句【考点诠释】一、时间状语从句在时间状语从句中,通常要用动词的一般现在时态表示将来时,用一般过去时表示过去将来式时间状语从句常用连词有: when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引导。
2. 考查when, while, as引导,表示“当……时候”.【考例】一Mum,____shall we have lunch? ——We will have it when your dad__________. [07连云港市]A when;returns B where returns C.where;will return D.when;will return[答案]A.[解析] 答语中when引导了一个时间状语从句,主句用了一般将来时态,所以从句用一般现在时态,可见正确答案在A与B之中既然答语用了时间状语来回答,可见问句询问的也一定是时间,从而确定正确答案为A2. before 的用法:before的本意为“在……之前”,根据具体语境还可理解为“还没来得及/还没有……就……,趁着还没……就…,不知不觉就……,…才……”等如:【考例】Could you please give me your e-mail address _________you go? A. as soon as B. before C. after D. until[答案]B.[解析]这四个词(组)都可以引导时间状语从句,as soon as一……就.before在……之前;after在……之后;until直到……才。
分析句子可以看出句意为“在你走之前把你的电子邮件地址给我好吗?”2.until 和till 的用法:与肯定式的主句连用,主句谓语必须是延续性动词,till/ until表示“……直到……”;与否定式的主句连用,且主句谓语是非延缓性动词时,till/ until表示“直到……才……”其强调句型为“not…until” ,位于句首时要采用倒装形式如:【考例】一Hurry up.The bus is coming.——Ohno.We mustn't cross the street ____the traffic lights are green.[福州市]A. after B since C while D.until [答案]D .[解析]本题应从句意人手until常用于否定句中,构成"not…until"结构,意为“直到……才……”,该句意为“直到交通灯变绿,我们才能穿过马路”The kids didn't start to fly kites in the playground _________the rain stopped. A. if B. until C. whenever[答案]B.[解析] not…until…直到……才。
直到雨停孩子们才可以去操场放风筝”,--Look! Here comes our school bus.--No hurry. Don't get on it _________it has stopped. A. until B. after C. since D. whenA.[解析]句中有don't,可想not...until为固定结构,意为“直到……才……”三、对条件状语从句的考查引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if ,unless(=if …not如果不……,除非),as/so long as ,while(=as long as 只要),supposing(that),provided/providing(that),in case(假使),on condition that(在……的条件下)等如:【考例】__you go to bed earlier, you won't feel tired in the mornings.[沈阳市]A. Unless B Because C.If D.When[答案]C .[解析]考查if引导的条件状语从句。
假如你早一点上床睡觉,那么你在上午就不会感到累You won't pass your exams ___________ you work harder. [广东省] A. when B. if C. unless D. after[答案]C .[解析]when,after一引导的是时间状语从句,不合题意;if,unless引导的是条件状语从句,If不合句意,“除非你更加努力地学习,否则,你不会通过考试”故用unless四、对让步状语从句的考查用来引导让步地点状语从句的从属连词有:though,although,even if/though, while(虽然、尽管),for a11(that)(尽管)whether...or(不论/不管……还是……))以及“疑问词+ever(whatever,wherever,whoever,however,)”和 “no matter +疑问词”等。
【考例】—Shall we go on working? —Yes , I prefer to have a rest . (2004江西省南昌) A.when B.if C.because D.though[答案]: D[命题立意]:本题考查从属连词引导让步状语从句的用法[试题解析]:依据上句:我们继续工作吗?是的,尽管我想休息会Edison never gave up, he failed many times. (2004四川) A.and B.though C.or[答案]: B[命题立意]:本题考查从属连词引导让步状语从句的用法[试题解析]:依据题意:即使爱迪生失败多次,他也决不放弃though用来引导让步状语从句五、 对目的状语从句的考查:引导目的状语从句的从属连词有 so that , in order that (为了,以便);in case(以防,以免),lest(免得,以防),for fear that(以免,惟恐)等从句中一般含有can , could, may,might ,will, would等情态动词如:【考例】一More and more people in Beijing are learning English _______they can better serve the 2008 0lympic Games.一I'm sure they will.[宜昌市]A.because of B so that C.even though D.as if[答案]B.[解析] 本题也应从句意人手。
越来越多的人学习英语,“为的是”能更多更好地为奥运服务so that引导一个目的状语从句六、对结果状语从句的考查【考例】The camera is expensive I can’t afford it. A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that[答案]: A[命题立意]:本题考查从属连词引导结果状语从句的用法[试题解析]:依据题意:这照相机太贵以致我买不起expensive为形容词,so…that…句中要用形容词或副词;such…that…要用形容词修饰名词其他两项不能引起从句语法回顾】状语从句的分类1. 时间状语从句用法要点1)as、when、while用法一览表类别作 用例 句asas表示“当……的时候”,往往和when/ while通用,但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生She came up as I was cooking.(同时)The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候,又可表示在某一段时间内,主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。
It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)whilewhile意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生,从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词在when表示a period of time时,两者可以互换Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用as或when不可,这里的while意思是“趁……”)凡是从句都必须有引导词,引导时间状语从句的词有 when, before, after, until, as soon as, while 等,具体用法如下:1. when 意为“当……时”,引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生例如: I feel very happy when you come to see me. 你(们)来看我时,我感到很高兴。
When you are crossing the street, you must be careful. 你(们)过街道时,一定要小心when引导的时间状语从句,when的从句可以用延续性动词,也可以用点动词例如:He was working at the table when I went in. 当我进去的时候,他正在桌旁工作Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 当我正在睡觉时,有人敲门I will visit my good friend when I have time. 当我有空儿时,我将去看望我的好友I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai. 当我在上海时,我为一家外国企业工作注:when也可以作并列连词,表示一个动词正在进行的时候,突然间发生了另外一件事I was fishing by the river , when someone called for help. 我正在河边钓鱼,就在那时有人求救We were working in the chemistry lab, when the lights went out. 我们正在化学实验室工作,突然灯都熄灭了。
2. before 意为“在……之前”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前例如: We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.昨天离开学校之前,我们打扫了教室 He had been a cook before he went to college . 他上大学前曾当过厨师after 意为“在……之后”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后例如: After you use plastic bags, you mustn't throw them about. 你(们)用过了塑料袋之后,不准到处乱扔He called me after he had finished his work. 他在工作完之后给我打了个注:若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近,那么也可以不用完成时态,例如上面的第二句可改成:He called me after he finished his work. 3. since引导的时间状语从句,译为“自从……”,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时例如:We have made many dumplings since we began to cook. 自从我们开始做饭起,我们已经包了许多饺子了。
We haven't seen each other since we parted . 我们自从分手以后一直没见过面注:常用句型:It is +时间段+since从句 译为:自从……有多长时间了例如:It is six years since she graduated from the university. 自从她大学毕业已有六年的时间了4. until 意为“直到……时”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式;当主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词时,从句常用否定形式, not... until... 意为“直到……才……”,这时的until可以用before 来替换例如:I'll stay here until you come back. 我会呆在这里,直到你回来stay表示的动作可以持续) He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉go to bed 表示的动作不能持续) 5. as soon as 意为“一……就……”,表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作马上就发生。
例如: I'll tell him about it as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就告诉他这件事6. while引导的时间状语从句,常译为“与……同时,在……期间”,while的从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的词例如:They rushed in while we were discussing problems. 当我们正在讨论问题时,他们冲了进来Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 当我正在打电子游戏时,爸爸正在清洗汽车注:while也可以作并列连词,表转折的关系,相当于but,译为“然而” 例如:I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports. 我喜欢听音乐,而我的兄弟爱好运动7. till和until引导的时间状语从句,译为“直到……为止”,not … till / until引导的时间状语从句,译为“直到……才”前者强调主句动作的结束,用延续性动词,后者强调主句动作的开始,用点动词。
例如:I will wait for my friend until / till he comes. 我要一直等到我朋友来We won't start our discussion until / till he comes. 我们要等到他来了,再开始我们的讨论2. 条件状语从句用法要点 我们主要看一下由if引导的条件状语从句if 意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句时,表示假如有从句的动作发生就(不)会有主句的动作发生例如: If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go there by bike.如果明天不下雨,我们就骑自行车去那里If I get there early, I can see the doctor quickly.如果我早早地到那里,我就可以快点看病3. 地点状语从句用法要点常用where(哪里)和wherever(无论哪里)例如:Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者,事竟成We will go wherever the motherland needs us most. 我们要到祖国最需要的地方去。
4. 原因状语从句用法要点 常用的引导连词有because, as和since三者的区别是:在回答问题的时候,使用because;对于显而易见的原因,常用as或since;as和since的从句常放在主句之前,而because的从句常放在主句之后eg.Why did you go? I went because Tom told me to go. 你为何去?那是因为汤姆叫我去He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise. 他很生气不是因为我们来迟了,而是因为我们弄出了声音As it was raining hard, we had to be indoors. 由于雨太大,我们只好呆在家里Since you feel ill, you'd better not go to work. 既然你感觉不舒服,你最好不要去上班了5. 目的状语从句用法要点 常用的引导连词有so that, that和in order that译为:以便,为了,目的是例如:Please speak more slowly so that we can make full notes. 请讲慢一点,以便我们能作详细笔记。
I shall write down your address that I may not forget. 我要把你的地址记下来,以免忘记I sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach him in time. 这封信我以航空信发出,以便他能及时收到注:目的状语从句可以用动词不定式来替换做目的状语eg.We work harder than usual finish it in a week. 我们比平常加倍努力工作以在一周内完成工作三:主句与从句时态一致的问题 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分下列两种情况: 1. 若主句是祈使句,或主句中有情态动词,或主句中谓语动词是一般将来时,那么从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时例如: Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask. 如果你们有问题要问的话,请举手The traffic must stop when the lights are red. 红灯亮时,车辆必须停下。
2. 若主从句谓语动词都是陈述过去,那么主从句都可以用一般过去时例如: She could sing when she was four years old. 她四岁的时候就会唱歌语法过关】1.I was drawing a horse ____the teacher came in. A. while B. as C. when D. the moment2.Some passengers were walking through one of the big halls at Paris' Charles De Gaulle Airport __ the whole roof (屋顶)fell down. A. while B. as soon as C. when D. after3.You will stay healthy _______ you do more exercise, such as running and walking. A. if B. how C. before D. where4.---Shall we go on working?---Yes, ____ I prefer to have a rest. A. when B. if C. because D. though5.None of us knew what had happened _________ they told us about it. A. when B. until C. after D. though6.---I hope you’ll enjoy your trip, dear!---Thank you, mum. I’ll give you a call _________ I get there. A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till7.The camera is expensive I can’t afford it. A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that8.I never seem to lose any weight, hard I try. B. even though B. no matter how C. as if D. ever since9.—Shall we go on working? —Yes , I prefer to have a rest . A.when B.if C.because D.though10.Edison never gave up, he failed many times. A.and B.though C.or11.The policeman asked the child cross the street the traffic lights turned green. A.not; when B.don’t; before C.not to; until12.---It’s time to go to bed ,Li Ming. ---Mum, I have a lot of homework to do ,I won’t go to bed I finish it A .after B.until C.as soon as D .since13.You should make a good plan ______ you do anything important. A. before B. after C. though D. until 14.________ they are b。