连词,光明中学高三英语备课组 易文辉,考点解密,在近两年广东高考的语法填空中连词，都是两小题，占语法填空的五分之一，是考查的一个重要项目，具体考点有以下4大点：,考点1：并列连词,注：(1)when作并列连词，主要用于was/were doing sth. when sth./sb. did; was/were about to do sth. when sth./sb. did; was/were on the point of doing sth. when sth./sb. did等句型中，表示“当某人或某物正在或正要做某事，就在这时突然又发生了另一事” (2)在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型中，祈使句表示条件，and/or后的句子表示结果考点2：引导状语从句的连词,考点3：引导名词性从句的连接词 名词性从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句引导这些从句的连词有： (1)连词that：只起连接作用，没有任何意思，不作任何句子成分，在宾语从句中可省略 (2)连词whether：有“是否”之意，但不作句子成分；引导宾语从句时，还可用if3)连接代词：who(m), whose, which, what等均有各自的意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。
其中what除有“什么”“多么”外，还有“所的”之意，相当于the thing(s) that (4)连接副词：when, where, why, how等，有意义，在从句中作状语 (5)whoever, whatever, whichever等也可引导名词性从句，意为“无论/不管”考点4：引导定语从句的关系词 定语从句就是在复合句里充当定语的从句，它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词及使用场合如下表：,注：(1)先行词是occasion常用when，先行词是case, situation, scenes等时常用where (2)关系副词when和where有时可用“介词which”代替，why可用for which代替 (3)以下情况只能用that引导定语从句：,当先行词是指物的all, little, few, much, any, anything, everything, nothing, none, the one时，或先行词被all, little, few, much, any, every, no等修饰时 先行词是序数词或最高级形容词时，或者先行词被序数词(包括last, next)、最高级形容词及the only, the very等修饰时。
先行词包括人和物时 当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为了避免重复，多用that引导4)不能用that引导定语从句的情况 在非限制性定语从句中，不以能用that引导 直接在介词后作宾语时，不能用that引导，要用whom, whose或which，且不能省略 当先行词是指人的all, any, few, one(s), anyone, everyone, those, people, he等时，只能用who 当先行词与关系代词之间有较复杂的短语或从句隔开时 (5)在非限制性定语从句中，表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用of which/whom或者of which/whom都可以若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连词，否则，句子结构就不完整 根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句还是某种主从复合句然后根据某人从句的特点，结合连词的意义和作用，确定填具体的某个连词如： 一旦判断是定语从句，就根据定语从句的先行词和代表先行词的关系词在从句中作什么句子成分，来确定关系词，若在从句中作主语和宾语，用关系代词，若作状语就用关系副词。
解题技巧,例1One day, he came up with an idea 35 he would pluck (拔)up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. （2008年广东）,实例剖析,分析：因he came和he would pluck是两个主谓关系，即两个句子，他们之间没有句号或分号，空格处必定是填连词；又因为“他想把禾苗拔几寸”就是“主意(idea)”的具体内容，可见后句是同位语从句；由于该从句不缺任何句子成分，并且意义已非常完整了，故填that例2He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, 37 he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher. (2008广东),分析：因和he was和he felt是两个主谓关系，即两个句子，他们之间是逗号，而不是句号或分号，空格处必定是填连词；又因“很累”与“高兴”之间是转折关系，故填并例连词but例3I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to 32 should have the honour of receiving me as a guest in their house. (2007广东),分析：因to是介词，介词后一定是接宾语；又因should have可知是一个从句来作to的宾语，即宾语从句；由句式结构可知，空格处一定是填作主语的连接代词，能“有幸接待我”的应是人，故填who。
例4the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away 36 there was a garage. (2007广东),分析：因前后两个句子之间没有分号或句号，也缺少连词，一定是填连词；由句子之间的关系和句意可知，在大约20公里远的那个小镇上有修理厂，由此判断后一句是定语从句，a small town是先行词，且在从句中作状语，故填关系副词where考点击破,一、单句填空：用适当的连词填空 并 列 句 1. I thought youd be late for the concert, ______ we ended up getting there ahead of time. (湖南) 2. Stand over there ______ youll be able to see the oil painting better. (全国) 3. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ______ his eyesight was beginning to fail. (山东) 4. The artist was born poor, ______ poor he remained all his life. (重庆),but,and,for,and,5. In some places women are expected to earn money _________ men work at home and raise their children. (四川) 6. You have failed two tests. Youd better start working harder, ______ you wont pass the course. (北京) 7. Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, ______ the way they actually are. (湖南),while,or,but,8. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, ______ their education that causes misunderstanding. (全国I) 9. He was about halfway through his meal _________a familiar voice came to his ears. (辽宁) 10. I grew up in Africa _______ at least I should say that I spent much of the first ten years of my life there. (辽宁),but,when,or,名 词 性 从 句 11. The companies are working together to create _________ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. (北京) 12. __________ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. (山东) 13. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home. (浙江),what,What,what,14. Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea ________ the party is to be held? (陕西) 15. The news ______ our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterdays newspaper. (上海) 16. The last time we had great fun was ______ we were visiting the Water Park. (天津) 17. ____________ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (浙江),where,that,when,Whoever,18. Having checked the doors were closed, and ________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. (湖南) 19. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make ______ it is. (天津) 20. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats _________ the best jobs are. (浙江),that,how,where,定语从句 21. The Science Museum, _________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions. (江苏) 22. Chans restaurant on Baker Street, ___________ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. (浙江) 23. All the neighbors admire this family, _________ the parents are treating their child like a friend. (安徽),which,which,where,24. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, most of _________ are beyond our control. (湖南) 25. The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of _______ were made of small diamonds. (陕西) 26. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, __________ was more than we could expect. (全国) 27. We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people, most of ________ are healthy. (北京) 28. Occasions are quite rare ______ I have the time to spend a day with any kids. (山东),which,which,which,whom,when,29. They will fly to Washington, ________ they plan to stay for two or three days. (重庆) 30. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _________ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. (江西) 31. The village has developed a lot _________ we learned farming two years ago. (福建) 32. After graduation she reached a point in her career __________ she had to decide what to do. (江西),where,where,where,where,33. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity __________ sight(看到) matters more than hearing. (天津) 34. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, neither of _________ wanted to buy it. (安徽) 35. It is reported that two schools, both of __________ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. (四川),where,whom,which,状 语 从 句 36. Nancy enjoyed herself so much ______ she visited her friends in Sydney last year. (福建) 37. Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time __________ Brian gets back. (北京) 38. The research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time ______ we meet them again. (安徽) 39. -- Did you return Freds call? -- I didnt need to __________ Ill see him tomorrow. (北京),when,before,before,because,40. -- Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? -- He rushed out of the room __________ I could say a word. (四川) 41. “You cant have this football back __________ you promise not to kick it at my cat again,” the old man said firmly. (广东) 42. Youd better not leave the medicine _________ kids can get at it. (山东) 43. In time of serious accidents, __________ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. (重庆),before,until,where,if,44. In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help ____________ there is human suffering. (江西) 45. A small car is big enough for a family of three ________ you need more space for baggage. (全国) 46. ______ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. (全国II) 47. You will be successful in the interview ___________ you have confidence. (福建),wherever,unless,If,once/if,48. His plan was such a good one __________ we all agreed to accept it. (陕西) 49. ______________________________ the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it. (湖南) 50. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, even _____________ they knew it to be valuable. (浙江) 51. _____________ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. (辽宁),that,Although /Though /While,though/if,However,52. The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a T-shirt _____________ the season is. (宁夏) 53. All people, ___________ they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. (重庆) 54. Engines are to machines __________ hearts are to animals. (山东) 55. Dont promise anything _________ you are one hundred percent sure. (2008浙江卷),whatever,whether,what,unless,十一 水火不容的连词 （一） Although (Though) 与But和However although / though位于句首时，不能与but或however连用，但能与yet或still连用。
例如： Though /Although he is in poor health, he still goes on with his work. = He is in poor health, but he still goes on with his work. 虽然他身体不好，但他仍然继续工作 Although I gave him all he asked for, yet he was not satisfied. 虽然我给了他所需要的一切，但他仍然不满足 （二）Because / As / Since 与So because / as / since 引导原因状语从句时，不与so连用，两者只取其一例如： Because he was ill, he didnt go to school. = He was ill, so he didnt go to school. 因为他病了，所以他没上学不用so he didnt） （三） unless与or Unless you work hard at your lessons, you will fail in the exam. = You must work hard at your lessons, or you will fail in the exam. 除非你努力学习，否则你考试就会不及格。
（四） Excuse与 And excuse不能与and连用，但能与but连用例如： Excuse me, but I dont think that statement is quite true. 对不起，不过我认为那话不十分真实不能用and代替but） （五） While与but 当while用作从属连词，用于句首引导让步状语从句，是“虽然、尽管”之意时，不与but 连用例如： While my mother loves me very much, she is strict with me. 尽管我妈妈很爱我，但她严格要求我作连词的名词或副词词组 1名词词组或副词：the moment, the minute, the instant, directly, instantly, immediately充当连接词引导时间状语从句，意为“ 一（刚）就”The moment / minute he finished his work, the bell rang. 他刚做完工作，铃就响了 Directly he came in, he knew something had happened. 他一进来就知道出了什么事。
The patient should be separated immediately the disease is suspected. 一旦怀疑患有此病，病人就应立刻被隔离 2由the first ( second / last next) time; by the time / each time引导的时间状语从句，意思是“ 时” 也可用“the time + 定语从句”的句型 The second（last) time we met, he replied to a lot of questions. 我们第二次（最后一次）会面时，他回答了许多问题The second（last time）we met是时间状语从句） Do you still remember the first time we met? 你还记得我们第一次见面的情景吗？（we met是定语从句）,“一就”的多种表达方式 as soon as hardly...when... no sooner...than... scarcely...when...,二、语篇填空：阅读下列短文，在空格处填上适当的介词 My mother insisted 1________everyone in her life treat her with respect.2__________she wasnt wealthy3 ____well educated, my mother not only understood and appreciated her value, 4___________believed in it strongly.5 ______ she learned my father was cheating on her, she insisted6 _______he move out of our home.Not the next day or the next week. . . . To me,,that,Though,or,but (also),When,that,as a child, 7________she refusal to take my father back seemed harsh（严酷,恶劣）, even cruel. As a woman, however, I have come to understand it. For my mother, putting Daddy out of the house 8_____ her life wasnt about pride; it was about principle.The one had always lived by. The one9 _____________ she believed in with all her heart: No one was going to love and respect you 10________ you loved and respected yourself.,that,and,who /whom,unless,。